Proximity sensing device

• US 5,063,306 A
• Filed: 05/17/1990
• Issued: 11/05/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 01/30/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Intellect Australia Pty Limited
• Original Assignee: Intellect Electronics Ltd.
• Inventors: Edwards, Jeffery D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Miller, Stanley D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, TRONG Q
• Application Number:
  US07/525,294
• Time in Patent Office: 537 Days
• Field of Search: 307/308, 307/580, 307/494, 328/1, 328/5, 331/65, 361/278
• US Class Current: 327/77
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/955 using a capacitive detector
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 17/9622 using a plurality of detectors, e.g. keyboard
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2017/9613 using two electrodes per touch switch
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2217/960705 Safety of capacitive touch and proximity switches, e.g. increasing reliability, fail-safe
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 2217/960775 Emitter-receiver or "fringe" type detection, i.e. one or more field emitting electrodes and corresponding one or more receiving electrodes

Abstract

A proximity sensing device comprising a sensor including a planar capacitor (1) having a central region (1a) and an outer region (1b) separated by a dielectric area, differentiator means (2,3) associated with said capacitor to form a spiked output pulse from a drive input pulse having at least one stepped edge and comparitor means (10) to repeatedly compare said spiked output pulses with a reference datum indicative of no proximity body being located adjacent to or touching said sensor to determine if such a proximity body is so located. The ration of the perimeters of the central region and dielectric area of the planar capacitor is approximately 2:1 and its capacitance is comparable to that of a human finger.

Claims

1. A proximity sensing device comprising:

a sensor including a planar capacitor having a central region and an outer region, the capacitance value of said planar capacitor being substantially unaffected by the presence of a proximity body adjacent to said sensor;

means for forming a spiked output in response to a drive input pulse having at least one stepped edge, said planar capacitor forming part of said means for forming a spiked output pulse;

amplitude comparator means in circuit connection with said means for forming a spiked output pulse for receiving said spiked output pulse and repeatedly comparing the amplitude of said spiked output pulse with a reference datum, the amplitude of said spiked output pulse being influenced by said proximity body located adjacent said sensor, said amplitude comparator means providing a proximity sensing output signal when the amplitude of said spiked output pulse is reduced as compared with said reference datum, said proximity sensing output signal thereby providing an indication of whether said proximity body is located adjacent said sensor.

2. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said amplitude comparator means is comprised of an amplifier and a means for filtering background noise in circuit connection with a microprocessor.

3. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said planar capacitor is etched onto a printed circuit board.

4. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for forming a spiked output pulse includes a transistor said a resistor biasing said transistor in circuit connection with one region of said planar capacitor.

5. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said transistor and said resistor are mounted on the back of a printed circuit board, the front side of said printed circuit board having said planar capacitor etched thereon.

6. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the size of said central region of said planar capacitor determines a dielectric area between said central region and said outer region that determines the capacitance value of said planar capacitor and the capacitance value of said planar capacitor is similar to that of a human finger on glass or plastic.

7. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the ratio of the perimeter of said dielectric area between said central region and said out region and the perimeter of said central region is approximately 2:

1.

8. The proximity sensing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said central region and said outer region of said planar capacitor are a central conductor area and an outside conductor area substantially in the same plane.

9. A proximity sensing device comprising:

a planar capacitor, the capacitance value of which is substantially unaffected by the presence of a proximity body adjacent said planar capacitor;

drive signal means in circuit connection with said planar capacitor for providing a plurality of drive signal pulses said planar capacitor;

means for forming spiked output pulses in response to respective ones of said plurality of drive signal pulses, said planar capacitor forming part of said means for forming spiked output pulses; and

amplitude comparator means in circuit connection with said means for forming spiked output pulses for receiving said spiked output pulses, said amplitude comparator means comparing the amplitude of a first spiked output pulse referenced as indicating the absence of said proximity body with the amplitude of a subsequent spiked output pulse and providing a proximity output signal when a reduction in the amplitude of said subsequent spiked output pulse as compared to said first spiked output pulse is determined, said proximity output signal providing an indication of said proximity body located adjacent said planar capacitor.

10. A sensing device comprising:

a plurality of proximity sensors organized as a keyboard, each sensor comprising a planar capacitor, the capacitance value of which is substantially unaffected by the presence of a proximity body adjacent said proximity sensor, and means for forming a spiked output pulse in circuit connection with said planar capacitor;

drive signal means for providing a plurality of drive signals to each of said proximity sensors;

amplitude comparator means for receiving said spiked output pulse from a selected one of said plurality of proximity sensors and repeatedly comparing the amplitude of said spiked output pulse with a reference datum, the amplitude of said spiked output pulse being influenced by said proximity body located adjacent said proximity sensor, said amplitude comparator means providing a proximity sensing output signal when the amplitude of said spiked output pulse is reduced as compared with said reference datum, said proximity sensing output signal thereby providing an indication of whether said proximity body is located adjacent said sensor; and

switch means operably connected to said drive signal means and to each of said proximity sensors for selectively connecting said amplitude comparator means with each of said plurality of proximity sensors, such that each proximity sensor is connected to said amplitude comparator means one at a time and before a respective drive signal pulse is applied to said selected one of said plurality of proximity sensors.