Distance measuring apparatus having automatic gain control

• US 5,068,540 A
• Filed: 08/01/1990
• Issued: 11/26/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Inventors: Tsuji, Takahiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Allen, Stephone B.
• Application Number:
  US07/561,327
• Time in Patent Office: 482 Days
• Field of Search: 250/201.2, 250/214 AG, 250/561, 250/201.4, 250/201.6, 356/1, 356/4
• US Class Current: 250/559.38
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/48 Active triangulation systems, i.e. using the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

Abstract

A distance measuring apparatus comprises a light emitting device for emitting infrared light blinking at a constant frequency toward an object, and a light receiving device for receiving infrared light reflected from the object. The light receiving device can generate two output signals which correspond respectively to positive and negative amounts of deviation of a position of light received therein with respect to a center thereof. The output signals are amplified by amplifiers, respectively. A signal component having a frequency corresponding to the blink frequency of the infrared light is picked up by a picking-up circuit from each of the output signals of the amplifiers. A distance determining device is provided to determine a distance to the object on the basis of the signal components. A gain control circuit for controlling gains of the amplifiers includes a pair of resistor circuits each having a changeable resistance for determining the gain of the corresponding amplifier. A comparator compares in magnitude one of the signal components with a reference voltage and generates a control signal having modes which change with the difference in magnitude between the signal component and the reference voltage. A resistance changing circuit is operative to change the resistance of each of the resistor circuits in accordance with the modes of the control signals.

Claims

1. A distance measuring apparatus comprising a light emitting device for emitting infrared light blinking at a constant frequency toward an object, a light receiving device for receiving infrared light reflected from the object, the light receiving device being adapted to generated two output signals which correspond respectively to positive and negative amounts of deviation of a position of light received therein with respect to a center thereof, a pair of amplifiers for amplifying the output signals of the light receiving device, respectively, means for picking up signal components, each having a frequency corresponding of the blink frequency of the infrared light, from the output signals of the amplifiers, respectively, means for determining a distance to the object of the basis of the signal components picked up by the picking up means, and means or controlling a gain of each of the amplifiers, the controlling means including:

a pair of resistor circuits each having a changeable resistance for determining the gain of corresponding one of the amplifiers;

a comparator which compares in magnitude one of the signal components with a reference voltage and generates control signal having modes which change with the difference in magnitude between one of the signal components and the reference voltage; and

means or changing the resistance of each of the resistor circuits in accordance with the modes of the control signals of the comparator.

2. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the picking-up means includes:

a pair of filters which are connected to the amplifiers, respectively, to allowing certain frequencies of signals from the corresponding amplifier to pass while stoping others, the certain frequencies including a frequency corresponding to the blinking frequency of the infrared light; and

a pair of detectors which are connected to the filters, respectively, to pick up a signal component having a frequency which corresponds to the blinking frequency of the infrared light foot signals passed through the corresponding filter.

3. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the resistor circuits includes a plurality of resistors which are by-passed with switches, respectively, the switches being controlled by the changing means.

4. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the resistors of each of the resistor circuits are connected to each other in a series, with opposite ends of each of the resistors connected to opposite ends of each of the switches, respectively.

5. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein h resistance changing means includes an up-down counter which is operative to selectively cause at least one of the switches of each of the resistor circuits to turn off in accordance with the modes of the control signals of the comparator.

6. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance determining means is a differential amplifier.

7. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the one of the signal components is smaller in magnitude than the reference voltage at more than a predetermined value, the control signal of the comparator has a first mode which causes the resistance changing means to change the resistance of each of the resistor circuits so as to increase the gains of the amplifiers, and wherein when the one of the signal components is larger in magnitude than the reference voltage at more than a predetermined value, the control signal of the comparator has a second mode which causes the resistance changing means to change the resistance of each of the resistor circuits so as to decrease the gains of the amplifiers.

8. A distance measuring apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the resistors have resistances, respectively, which are different from one another.