Composition and method for purifying water
First Claim
1. A composition for purifying water which comprises bentonite clay selected from the group consisting of swelling bentonite and acid activated bentonite;
- zeolite;
biocide and an anionic or cationic polymeric ingredient selected from the group consisting of polymeric flocculents and coagulants;
said composition being in the form of a substantially dry powder;
said polymeric ingredient being cationic when the composition contains swelling bentonite and anionic when the composition contains acid activated bentonite and said polymeric ingredient being present in an amount to substantially neutralize the charge on the bentonite contained in the composition whereby flocs containing the bentonite clay are formed when said composition is added to water.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The present invention provides a composition in dry form, preferably in the form of a tablet, containing a combination of ingredients which upon addition to contaminated water effectively removes turbidity, metal and organic contaminants in the water and thereby makes the water safer for drinking. The composition is particularly useful for personal use so that safe drinking water can be obtained by the simple addition of the composition to the water to remove the turbidity and contaminating materials contained therein. Preferably the composition contains bentonite clay, attapulgite clay, polymeric coagulant and/or flocculent, biocide, zeolite and activated charcoal. The invention also provides a method for treating water with the composition as well as a method for making the composition.
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Citations
27 Claims
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1. A composition for purifying water which comprises bentonite clay selected from the group consisting of swelling bentonite and acid activated bentonite;
- zeolite;
biocide and an anionic or cationic polymeric ingredient selected from the group consisting of polymeric flocculents and coagulants;
said composition being in the form of a substantially dry powder;
said polymeric ingredient being cationic when the composition contains swelling bentonite and anionic when the composition contains acid activated bentonite and said polymeric ingredient being present in an amount to substantially neutralize the charge on the bentonite contained in the composition whereby flocs containing the bentonite clay are formed when said composition is added to water. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 26, 27)
- zeolite;
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9. A composition for purifying water which consists of 100 parts by weight of swelling bentonite;
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
zeolite in an amount up to about 100 parts by weight;
activated charcoal in an amount up to about 100 parts by weight;
biocide in an amount up to about 1.5 parts by weight and polymeric flocculent in an amount up to about 2.5 parts by weight;
said biocide being selected from the group consisting of tetraglycine hydroperiodide and sodium dichloroisocyanurate; and
said flocculent being selected from the group consisting of cationic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer and cationic polyacrylamide/acrylate copolymer; and
said composition being in the form of a substantially dry powder. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11)
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
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12. A composition for purifying water which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of acid activated bentonite;
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
zeolite in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
NaH2 PO4 in an amount up to about 2.4 parts by weight;
NaHCO3 in an amount up to about 60 parts by weight of;
sodium dichloroisocyanurate in an amount up to about 8 parts by weight;
polymeric flocculent in an amount up to about 2 parts by weight; and
binder in an amount up to about 25 parts by weight;
wherein said flocculent is selected from the group consisting of anionic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer and anionic polyacrylamide/acrylate copolymer; and
said composition is a substantially dry powder in the form of a tablet. - View Dependent Claims (13)
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
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14. A composition for purifying water which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of acid activated bentonite;
- silica gel in an amount up to about 62 parts by weight;
biocide in an amount up to about 6.8 parts by weight;
NaHCO3 in an amount up to about 41 parts by weight;
polymeric flocculent in an amount up to about 1.0 parts by weight; and
binder in an amount up to about 55 parts by weight;
wherein said flocculent is selected from the group consisting of anionic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer and anionic polyacrylamide/acrylate copolymer and said biocide is selected from the group consisting of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and tetraglycine hydroperiodide and said composition is a substantially dry powder in the form of a tablet. - View Dependent Claims (15)
- silica gel in an amount up to about 62 parts by weight;
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16. A composition for purifying water which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of acid activated bentonite;
- zeolite in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
silica gel in an amount up to about 63 parts by weight;
disodium pyrophosphate in an amount up to about 30 parts by weight;
sodium dichloroisocyanurate in an amount up to about 5 parts by weight;
polymeric flocculent in an amount up to about 0.25 parts by weight;
NaHCO3 in an amount up to about 38 parts by weight; and
binder in an effective amount for forming the composition into a tablet;
said flocculent being selected from the group consisting of anionic polyacrylamide, anionic polyacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer and anionic polyacrylamide/acrylate copolymer; and
said composition being a substantially dry powder in the form of a tablet.
- zeolite in an amount up to about 67 parts by weight;
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17. A composition for purifying water which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of swelling bentonite;
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 66 parts by weight;
zeolite in an amount up to about 63 parts by weight;
biocide in an amount up to about 5.7 parts by weight;
polymeric flocculent in an amount up to about 5.7 parts by weight;
disodium pyrophosphate in amount up to about 34.3 parts by weight; and
binder;
said binder being present in an amount effective for forming the composition into a tablet;
said biocide being selected from the group consisting of tetraglycine hydroperiodide and sodium dichloroisocyanurate;
said polymeric flocculent selected from the group consisting of cationic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer and cationic polyacrylamide/acrylate copolymer; and
said composition being a substantially dry powder in the form of a tablet. - View Dependent Claims (18)
- attapulgite clay in an amount up to about 66 parts by weight;
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19. A composition for purifying water which consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of swelling bentonite;
- about 46.2 parts by weight of attapulgite clay;
about 40 parts by weight of synthetic type A zeolite in sodium form;
about 3.7 parts by weight of polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride;
about 4.6 parts by weight of sodium dichoroisocyanurate;
about 30.8 parts by weight of NaHCO3 ;
about 30.8 parts by weight of disodiumpyrophosphate;
said composition being in the form of a substantially dry powder. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22)
- about 46.2 parts by weight of attapulgite clay;
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23. A composition for purifying water, said composition formed by pretreating a dry solid powder with a liquid biocide;
- said powder being selected from the group consisting of swelling bentonite, acid activated bentonite, attapulgite clay, zeolite and mixtures thereof;
drying the pretreated powder and then blending the powder with a polymeric flocculent or polymeric coagulant said polymeric flocculent and coagulant being cationic when the composition contains swelling bentonite and anionic when the composition contains acid activated bentonite. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
- said powder being selected from the group consisting of swelling bentonite, acid activated bentonite, attapulgite clay, zeolite and mixtures thereof;
Specification