Photocell array with multi-spectral filter

• US 5,072,109 A
• Filed: 03/07/1990
• Issued: 12/10/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 03/07/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Deposition Sciences Incorporated (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Deposition Sciences Incorporated (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Bartolomei, Leroy A., Robbins, William M., Shimshock, Richard P., Aguilera, John A. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Shami, K.
• Application Number:
  US07/490,043
• Time in Patent Office: 643 Days
• Field of Search: 250/226, 357/30 L, 350/1.6, 350/313, 350/164-166, 356/418, 356/419
• US Class Current: 250/226
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2003/1226 Interference filters
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2003/2806 Array and filter array
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2003/516 with several stacked filters or stacked filter-detector pairs
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/51 using colour filters
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/513 having fixed filter-detector pairs
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/201 in the form of arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/285 comprising deposited thin solid films G02B5/281 - G02B5/289 take precedence; multilayered film filters for fibre optic multiplexing G02B6/29361

Abstract

An optical thin film filter for the spatial and spectral separation of two or more transmitting bands of radiant energy. For a two band filter the filter has a substrate substantially transparent to radiant energy in the transmitted bands. On one surface of said substrate is a multilayer interference coating that transmits both wavelength bands of interest. On the other surface of said substrate (or on the same surface) are two sets of non-overlapping butted, parallel stripes with one set being alternately interspersed with the other. The widths of said stripes are varied to provide for precisely defined regions of spatial and spectral delineation. One set of stripes is capable of transmitting one of the bands of interest and reflecting all others, while the second set of stripes is capable of transmitting at least one band different from the one band transmitted by said first set of stripes and reflecting all others. Each of the stripes in itself is a multilayer interference coating formed of a plurality of high and low index of refraction materials.

Claims

1. A combination of:

a. an optical thin film filter useful in the spatial and spectral separation of two or more transmitting bands of radiant energy which comprises;

(1) a substrate having at least one surface for receiving coatings and which is substantially transparent to said radiant energy at the wavelength bands of interest;

(2) a first coating on said substrate capable of transmitting two or more wavelength bands of interest and reflecting and/or absorbing all other out of band wavelengths; and

,

b. at least two detectors or detector arrays, which are adjacently positioned in a path of filtered radiant energy which has passed through said first coating and said substrate, said detectors or detector arrays capable of detecting at least one wavelength band different from the wavelength band detected by the other detector or detector array, and each of said detectors or detector arrays provided with a coating, which coating is capable of both transmitting at least one wavelength band transmitted by said first substrate coating and transmitting at least one band that its respective detector or detector array is capable of detecting, said detector or detector array coating reflecting all other wavelength bands, wherein said detector or detector array coating is formed of a plurality of high and low index of refraction dielectric materials, arranged in multiple layers.

2. The combination of claim 1 wherein said detector or detector array coatings are characterized by additional optical impedance matching layers which will match the index of refraction of the upper layers of said coatings, to the index of refraction of the atmosphere in which detector or detector array is to be used.

3. A combination of:

a. an optical thin film filter useful in the spatial and spectral separation of two or more transmitting bands of radiant energy which comprises;

(1) a substrate having at least one surface for receiving coatings and which is substantially transparent to said radiant energy at the wavelength bands of interest;

(2) a first dielectric coating on one surface of said substrate, said first coating capable of transmitting two or more wavelength bands of interest and reflecting and/or absorbing all other out of band wavelengths; and

,

b. at least one filter wheel which is positioned in a path of filtered radiant energy which has passed through said first coating and said substrate, said filter wheel provided with at least two discrete dielectric filters, each of which is capable of reflecting all but one wavelength band of radiant energy transmitted by said first dielectric coating and each of said discrete filters is capable of transmitting wavelength bands different than the bands of radiant energy transmitted by the other discrete filters on the filter wheel.

4. The combination of claim 3 further comprising an aperture mask which is positioned between said optical thin film filter and said filter wheel, said aperture mask passing radiant energy through its aperture and blocking the path of all other radiant energy except through the aperture.

5. A combination of

a. an optical thin film filter useful in the spatial and spectral separation of two or more transmitting bands of radiant energy which comprises:

(1) a substrate having at least one surface for receiving coatings and which is substantially transparent to said radiant energy at the wavelength bands of interest;

(2) a first coating on said substrate capable of transmitting at least two wavelength bands of interest and reflecting and/or absorbing all other out of band wavelengths, said first coating acting as a wide band transmitting coating with the short wavelength and long wavelength edges of the transmission band being one edge of two distinct and different colors; and

,

b. at least two detectors or detector arrays which are adjacently positioned in the path of filtered radiant energy which has passed through said first coating and said substrate, said detectors or detector arrays provided with photolithographic patterned coatings, which coatings are capable of reflecting all but one band of radiant energy transmitted by said optical thin film filter, and each of said detectors or detector arrays provided with photolithographic coatings which transmit different wavelength bands than the wavelength bands transmitted by the other photolithographic coatings, each of said photolithographic coatings providing the second transmission edge for one color, wherein said detector or detector array photolithographic patterned coatings are formed of a plurality of high and low index of refraction dielectric materials, arranged in multiple layers.

6. The combination of claim 5 wherein said detector or detector array photolithographic coatings patterns are parallel stripes.

7. The combination of claim 5 wherein said detector or detector array photolithographic coatings are characterized by additional optical impedance matching layers which will match the index of refraction of the upper layers of said first and second photolithographic patterned coatings to the index of refraction of the atmosphere in which the detector module is to be used.

8. A combination of:

a. an optical thin film filter useful in the spatial and spectral separation of two or more transmitting bands of radiant energy which comprises;

(1) a substrate having at least one surface for receiving coatings and which is substantially transparent to said radiant energy at the wavelength bands of interest;

(2) a first coating on said substrate capable of transmitting at least two wavelength bands of interest and reflecting and/or absorbing all other out of band wavelengths; and

,

b. a detector or detector array useful in the precise detection of individual wavelength bands of radiant energy transmitted by the optical thin film filter which comprises;

(1) a detector substrate having at least one surface for receiving coatings and which is substantially transparent to said radiant energy at the wavelength bands of interest, and having a second surface for receiving individual detectors or detector arrays;

(2) a first photolithographic patterned coating on said detector substrate capable of reflecting all but one wavelength band of radiant energy transmitted by said first substrate coating;

(3) a second photolithographic patterned coating on said detector substrate which is capable of transmitting at least one wavelength band transmitted by said first coating and capable of transmitting at least one wavelength band different than the wavelength band transmitted by said first photolithographic patterned coating while reflecting all other bands,

whereby said first and second photolithographic patterned coatings are provided on a first surface of said detector substrate in discrete, abutting and non-overlapping regions;

(4) a first detector or detector array capable of detecting at least one wavelength band of radiant energy transmitted by said first coating;

(5) a second detector or detector array capable of detecting at least one wavelength band different than the band detected by said first detector,

whereby said first and second detectors or detector arrays are provided on a second surface of said detector substrate in substantially parallel patterns, and whereby said detectors or detector arrays are located on a detector substrate surface opposite the photolithographic patterned coatings applied to said first detector substrate surface, and whereby said detectors are designed to precisely detect radiant energy transmitted by said photolithographic coating that is located opposite the detector or detector array and directly in the path of radiant energy bands transmitted by said first substrate coating, wherein said first and second photolithographic patterned coatings are formed of a plurality of high and low index of refraction dielectric materials, arranged in multiple layers.

9. The combination of claim 8 wherein said first and second photolithographic patterned coatings are formed of a plurality of high and low index of refraction dielectric materials, arranged in multiple layers.

10. The combination of claim 8 wherein said first and second photolithographic patterned coatings are characterized by additional optical impedance matching layers which will match the index of refraction of the upper layers of said coatings, to the atmosphere in which the detector or detector array is to be used.