Method and apparatus for controlling the use of a public key, based on the level of import integrity for the key

• US 5,073,934 A
• Filed: 10/24/1990
• Issued: 12/17/1991
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation, NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Johnson, Donald B., Martin, William C., Matyas, Stephen M., Prymak, Rostislaw, Le, An V., Wilkins, John D., Rohland, William S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gregory, Bernarr E.
• Application Number:
  US07/602,989
• Time in Patent Office: 419 Days
• Field of Search: 364/200, 364/900, 380/20, 380/21, 380/23, 380/25, 380/30, 380/43, 380/45, 380/47, 380/49, 380/50
• US Class Current: 380/30
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/26 Testing cryptographic entity, e.g. testing integrity of encryption key or encryption algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/088 Usage controlling of secret information, e.g. techniques for restricting cryptographic keys to pre-authorized uses, different access levels, validity of crypto-period, different key- or password length, or different strong and weak cryptographic algorithms network architectures or network communication protocols for using time-dependent keys in a packet data network H04L63/068
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/50 using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees

Abstract

A method and apparatus in a public crypto system, control the use of a public key, based on the level of import integrity for the public key. The method and apparatus generate a control vector associated with the public key, having a history field. The public key and the control vector are transmitted from the location of generation over a communications link to a receiving location, using the selected one of a plurality of levels of import integrity for the transmission. At the receiving location, the public key and the control vector are tested to determine the actual level of import integrity for the transmission. Then, a value is written into the history field of the control vector which characterizes the actual level of import integrity. Thereafter, cryptographic applications for the public key are limited by control vector checking, to only those applications which have a required level of integrity which is not greater than the actual level of import integrity characterized by the history field in the control vector.

Claims

1. In a public key cryptographic system including a pair of cryptographic devices communicating using a public key algorithm, a method for limiting the use of a public key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the public key, comprising the steps of:

generating a public key and private key as a pair;

storing said public key at a first device in said system;

storing at said first device a control vector associated with said public key, having a first field;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device, said public key and said control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device said public key and said control vector to determine a received level of integrity thereof, as it is received at said second device;

writing at said second device a value into said first field of said control vector characterizing said received level of integrity; and

limiting cryptographic applications for said public key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said first field in said control vector.

2. The method of claim 1, which further comprises the steps of:

communicating from said first device to said second device, information defining said selected one level of integrity;

receiving at said second device said public key, said control vector and said information defining said selected level of integrity; and

controlling said testing step with said information defining said selected level of integrity.

3. The method of claim 2, which further comprises:

writing said information defining said selected level of integrity in a second field of said control vector prior to said transmitting step.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said testing step uses s modification detection code.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said testing step uses a public key digital signature.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said digital signature is formed using said private key from said pair.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein said digital signature is formed using a private key which is not a member of said pair.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of limiting cryptographic applications includes the steps of:

encrypting said public key under a key expression which is the exclusive OR product of a master key and said control vector, forming an encrypted form of said public key;

receiving a request to perform a cryptographic application with said public key, characterized by a required level of integrity;

checking said first field of said control vector and determining that said required level of integrity is not greater than said received level of integrity;

decrypting said encrypted form of said public key under said key expression;

performing said cryptographic application with said public key.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said step of encrypting said public key includes the step of cipher block chaining encryption;

and

said step of decrypting said encrypted form of said public key includes the step of cipher block chaining decryption.

10. The method of claim 1, which further comprises the steps of:

storing a second public key at said first device in said system;

storing a second control vector at said first device in said system, associated with said second public key, having a second field;

computing a digital signature on said second public key and said second control vector, using said private key of said pair;

transmitting from said first device, over said communications link to said second cryptographic device, said second public key, said second control vector and said digital signature;

testing at said second device said second public key said second control vector and said digital signature, using first said public key;

copying said value in said first field of said first said control vector into said second field of said second control vector;

whereby the level of integrity characterizing said first said public key is attributed to said second public key.

11. In a public key cryptographic system including a pair of cryptographic devices communicating using a public key algorithm, an apparatus for limiting the use of a public key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the public key, comprising:

first means for generating a public key and private key as a pair;

second means coupled to said first means, for storing said public key at a first device in said system;

third means coupled to said second means, for storing at said first device a control vector associated with said public key, having a first field;

fourth means coupled to said second and third means, for transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device, said public key and said control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

fifth means coupled to said communications link, for testing at said second device said public key and said control vector to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

sixth means coupled to said fifth means, for writing at said second device a value into said first field of said control vector characterizing said received level of integrity; and

seventh means coupled to said sixth means, for limiting cryptographic applications for said public key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said first field in said control vector.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said seventh means for limiting further includes:

control vector checking means for checking said first field to determine that a level of integrity required for a cryptographic application is not greater than said received level of integrity.

13. In a data processing network including a pair of communicating cryptographic devices, a method for limiting the use of a communicated key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the key, comprising the steps of:

storing a key in a first cryptographic device in said network;

storing at said first device a control vector associated with said key, having a first field;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device in said network, said key and said control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device said key and said control vector to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

writing at said second device a value into said first field of said control vector characterizing said received level of integrity; and

limiting cryptographic applications for said key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said first field in said control vector.

14. The method of claim 13, which further comprises the steps of:

communicating from said first device to said second device, information defining said selected one level of integrity;

receiving at said second device said key, said control vector and said information defining said selected level of integrity; and

controlling said testing step with said information defining said selected level of integrity.

15. In a data processing network including a pair of communicating cryptographic devices, a method for limiting the use of a communicated key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the key, comprising the steps of:

storing a key at a first cryptographic device in said network;

storing at said first device a control vector associated with said key, having a first field;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device in said network, said key and said control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device said key and said control vector to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

writing at said second device a value into said first field of said control vector characterizing said received level of integrity;

encrypting at said second device said key under a key expression which is the exclusive OR product of a master key and said control vector, forming an encrypted form of said key;

receiving at said second device a request to perform a cryptographic application with said key, characterized by a required level of integrity;

checking at said second device said first field of said control vector and determining that said required level of integrity is not greater than said received level of integrity;

decrypting at said second device said encrypted form of said key under said key expression if said required level of integrity is not greater than said received level of integrity; and

performing at said second device said cryptographic application with said key.

16. The method of claim 15, which further comprises the steps of:

communicating from said first device to said second device, information defining said selected one level of integrity;

receiving at said second device said key, said control vector and said information defining said selected level of integrity; and

controlling said testing step with said information defining said selected level of integrity.

17. The method of claim 16, which further comprises:

writing said information defining said selected level of integrity in a second field of said control vector prior to said transmitting step.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein said testing step uses a modification detection code.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein said testing step uses a public key digital signature.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein said key is a public key which is a member of a pair consisting of said public key and a private key.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein said testing step uses a public key digital signature.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein said digital signature is formed using said private key from said pair.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein said digital signature is formed using a private key which is not a member of said pair.

24. In a data processing network including a pair of cryptographic devices communicating using a public key algorithm, a method for limiting the use of a public key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the public key, comprising the steps of:

storing a first public key and a first private key as a pair at a first device in said network;

storing a first control vector associated with said first public key, having a first field, at said first device;

storing a second public key and a second control vector associated with said second public key, having a second field, at said first device;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device in said network, said first public key and said first control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device, said first public key and said first control vector to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

writing a value into said first field of said first control vector characterizing said received level of integrity, at said second device;

forming a digital signature characterizing said second public key and said second control vector, using said first private key at said first device;

transmitting from said first device to said second device, said second public key, said second control vector and said digital signature;

testing at said second device said second public key, said second control vector and said digital signature using said first public key;

copying said value in said first field of said first control vector into said second field of said second control vector, characterizing said received level of integrity of said first public key;

whereby said received level of integrity of said first public key is attributed as the level of integrity for said second public key.

25. The method of claim 24, which further comprises the step of:

limiting cryptographic applications for said second public key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said second field in said second control vector.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of limiting cryptographic applications includes the steps of:

encrypting said second public key under a key expression which is the exclusive OR product of a master key and said second control vector, forming an encrypted form of said second public key;

receiving a request to perform a cryptographic application with said second public key, characterized by a required level of integrity;

checking said second field of said second control vector and determining that said required level of integrity is not greater than said received level of integrity;

decrypting said encrypted form of said second public key under said key expression;

performing said cryptographic application with said second public key.

27. In a data processing network including a pair of communicating cryptographic devices, a method for limiting the use of a communicated key to applications requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the key, comprising the steps of:

storing a key and a control vector associated with said key, having a first field, in a first cryptographic device in said network;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device in said network, said key and said control vector, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device said key to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

writing at said second device a value into said first field of said control vector characterizing said received level of integrity; and

limiting cryptographic applications for said key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said first field in said control vector.

28. In a data processing network including a pair of cryptographic devices communicating using a public key algorithm, a method for limiting the use of a public key to applications not requiring a level of integrity greater than a received level of integrity for the public key, comprising the steps of:

storing a first public key and a first private key as a pair at a first device in said network;

storing a second public key at said first device;

transmitting from said first device, over a communications link to a second cryptographic device in said network, said first public key, using a selected one of a plurality of levels of integrity for the transmission;

testing at said second device, said first public key to determine a received level of integrity thereof;

storing a first control vector associated with said first public key, having a first field, at said second device;

writing a value into said first field of said first control vector characterizing said received level of integrity, at said second device;

forming a digital signature characterizing said second public key, using said first private key at said first device;

transmitting from said first device to said second device, said second public key and said digital signature;

testing at said second device said second public key and said digital signature using said first public key;

storing a second control vector associated with said second public key, having a second field, at said second device;

copying said value in said first field of said first control vector into said second field of said second control vector, characterizing said received level of integrity of said first public key;

whereby said received level of integrity of said first public key is attributed as the level of integrity for said second public key.

29. The method of claim 28, which further comprises the step of:

limiting cryptographic applications for said second public key, to said received level of integrity characterized by said second field in said second control vector.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein said step of limiting cryptographic applications includes the steps of:

encrypting said second public key under a key expression which is the exclusive OR product of a master key and said second control vector, forming an encrypted form of said second public key;

receiving a request to perform a cryptographic application with said second public key, characterized by a required level of integrity;

checking said second field of said second control vector and determining that said required level of integrity is not greater than said received level of integrity;

decrypting said encrypted form of said second public key under said key expression;

performing said cryptographic application with said second public key.