Probabilistic inference gate
First Claim
1. A processing element producing an inference, comprising:
- first and second input lines receiving first and second input signals;
a digital universal inference gate connected to said first and second input lines, receiving the first and second input signals, for performing a digital linear transformation and combination of the first and second input signals and producing an output probabilistic inference.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The present system performs linear transformations on input probabilities and produces outputs which indicate the likelihood of one or more events. The transformation performed is a product of linear transforms such as Po =[Aj Pj +Bj ]·[Ak Pk +Bk ] where Pj and Pk are input probabilities, Po is an output event probability and Aj, Bj, Ak and Bk are transformation constants. The system includes a basic processing unit or computational unit which performs a probabilistic gate operation to convert two input probability signals into one output probability signal where the output probability is equal to the product of linear transformations of the input probabilities. By appropriate selection of transformation constants logical and probabilistic gates performing the functions of AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, NOT, IMPLIES and NOT IMPLIES can be created. The basic unit can include three multipliers and two adders if a discrete component hardwired version is needed for speed or a single multiplier/adder, associated storage and multiplex circuits can be used to accomplish the functions of the hardwired version for economy. This basic unit can also be provided as a software implementation, can be implemented as a hardwired decision tree element implementation or implemented as a universal probabilistic processor and provided with a bus communication structure to create expert systems or neural networks suitable for specific tasks. The basic units can be combined to produce a virtual basic building block which has more virtual processors than physical processors to improve processor utilization. The building blocks can be combined into an array to produce either a high speed expert system or a high speed neural network.
70 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A processing element producing an inference, comprising:
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first and second input lines receiving first and second input signals; a digital universal inference gate connected to said first and second input lines, receiving the first and second input signals, for performing a digital linear transformation and combination of the first and second input signals and producing an output probabilistic inference. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A processing element producing an inference, comprising:
a universal inference gate receiving first and second input signals and producing an output inference, said universal inference gate comprising; a latch storing the first and second input signals; and a computation unit, connected to said latch, and performing linear transformations on the first and second input signals using constants and combining the linear transformations producing a first output probability, said computation unit comprising a multiplier/adder and said element further comprises; storage means for storing the constants; a timing control circuit connected to said multiplier/adder and said storage means, and producing selection and timing signals; and a first multiplexer, connected to said storage means, said timing control circuit, said latch and said multiplier/adder for selecting one of the input signals and constants. - View Dependent Claims (15)
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16. A processing element producing an implication, comprising:
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an input line receiving an input signal; and a digital universal implication gate connected to said input line, receiving the input signal, for performing a digital linear transformation on the input signal and producing a probabilistic implication output. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
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18. An element as recited in claim 16, wherein said gate digitally executes ##EQU9## to produce the implication output Po where Aj and Bj are transformation constants and Pj is input signals.
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19. An element as recited in claim 16, wherein the implication output is fed back as an intermediate implication.
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20. An element as recited in claim 16, wherein said gate digitally executes:
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">P.sub.o =[A.sub.i-1 P.sub.i-1 +B.sub.31 1 ]·
[A.sub.i P.sub.i +B.sub.i ]to produce a probabilistic inference Po where Ai, Bi, Ai-1 and Bi-1 are transformation constants and Pi is a current input and Pi-1 is a previous input.
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21. A method of performing an inference operation, comprising the steps of:
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(a) performing a first digital linear transformation on a first input signal using a digital computer; (b) performing a second digital linear transformation on a second input signal using a digital computer; and (c) combining the first and second linear transformations using a digital computer to produce a probabilistic inference. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23)
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24. A method of performing an implication operation, comprising:
(a) performing a digital linear transformation on an input signal using a digital computer to produce a probabilistic implication. - View Dependent Claims (25)
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26. A weighted decision gate receiving first through fourth input signals, said gate comprising:
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a first digital multiplier circuit digitally multiplying the first and second input signals; a second digital multiplier circuit digitally multiplying the third and fourth input signals; a first digital universal gate receiving the output of the first digital multiplier circuit and the second input signal, and for digitally producing a probabilistic inference of a parameter; a second universal gate receiving the output of the second digital multiplier circuit and the fourth input signal, performing a linear transformation and producing a digital parameter probability; and a digital divider circuit digitally dividing the probabilistic inference by the probability to produce the parameter.
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27. A system, comprising:
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a first digital probabilistic gate receiving first and second input signals, for performing a digital linear transformation on and combination of said first and second input signals and producing a first probabilistic inference; a second digital probabilistic gate receiving third and fourth input signals, for performing a digital linear transformation and combination of said third and fourth input signals and producing a second probabilistic inference; and a third probabilistic gate connected to said first and second probabilistic gates, for performing a digital linear transformation and combination of the first and second inferences and producing a third probabilistic inference. - View Dependent Claims (28)
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Specification