Method and apparatus for improving efficiency of a pulsed expansion valve heat pump

• US 5,077,983 A
• Filed: 11/30/1990
• Issued: 01/07/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute Incorporated
• Inventors: Dudley, Kevin F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wayner, William E.
• Application Number:
  US07/620,096
• Time in Patent Office: 403 Days
• Field of Search: 62/190, 62/228.1, 236/75, 251/129.05, 251/129.08
• US Class Current: 62/228.1
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 13/00 Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle defrosting cycles F25B47/02
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2500/26 characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/2513 Expansion valves
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 41/347 with the valve member being opened and closed cyclically, e.g. with pulse width modulation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

During start up of a heat pump compressor that is controlled by a pulsed expansion valve system the discharge temperature sensor control of the pulse system is interrupted and a predetermined constant pulse is applied to the expansion valve increasing capacity and reducing loss of suction pressure resulting in improved cyclic system efficiency. The constant pulse control is applied only during start up until the discharge temperature reaches a predetermined level at which point control is returned to the discharge temperature sensor.

Claims

1. In a heat pump system for cooling a conditioned space having a pulsed solenoid expansion valve controlled by a discharge temperature based PI algorithm the method of improving efficiency of operation which comprises the steps of:

interrupting the discharge temperature sensor control of the pulsed expansion valves during start up;

pulsing the expansion valve during start up at a predetermined constant duty cycle; and

terminating the constant duty cycle and reestablishing discharge temperature sensor control thereof upon reaching a predetermined compressed refrigerant discharge temperature.

2. The method of claim 1 further including selecting the predetermined constant duty cycle to maximize start up efficiency for each individual heat pump system.

3. The method according to claim 2 further including selecting a constant duty cycle between 30% and 70%.

4. The method according to claim 2 wherein said constant duty cycle is chosen to maximize system capacity and minimize suction pressure loss.

5. The method according to claim 1 further including choosing the constant duty cycle for pulsing the expansion valve to cause the system capacity to increase in a step function on start up.

6. The method of claim 1 further including terminating the constant duty cycle pulsing of the expansion valve when the discharge temperature reaches 160°

F.

7. In a heat pump system for cooling a conditioned space having a pulsed solenoid expansion valve controlled by a discharge temperature based PI algorithm

apparatus for controlling the operation of a heat pump compressor which comprises:

a solenoid operated expansion valve connected to the compressor and cooling coil of the heat pump;

a temperature sensor positioned to sense refrigerant discharge temperature;

first means for pulsing said expansion valve at a first predetermined rate;

second means responsive to said temperature sensor for pulsing said expansion valve at a second predetermined rate; and

control means for selecting said first or second means for pulsing said expansion valve, depending on the discharge temperature.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7 further including biasing means for causing said control means to select said first means for pulsing said expansion valve during start up of the heat pump system.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said first means for pulsing said solenoid is operated at a constant duty cycle.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said first pulsing means has a duty cycle of from 30% to 70%.