Hydrocarbon vapor sensor and system

• US 5,079,944 A
• Filed: 04/27/1990
• Issued: 01/14/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 04/27/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Paramount Global (f/k/a ViacomCBS Inc.))
• Original Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Paramount Global (f/k/a ViacomCBS Inc.))
• Inventors: Blair, David L., Boenning, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Roskos, Joseph W.
• Application Number:
  US07/515,934
• Time in Patent Office: 627 Days
• Field of Search: 73/23.40, 73/31.05, 73/31.06, 73/49.2
• US Class Current: 73/23.4
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/16 using electric detection means G01M3/045, G01M3/06, G01M3/12, G01M3/20, G01M3/24, G01M3/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/12 of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid , for detecting components in the fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0031 comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0047 Organic compounds

Abstract

A hydrocarbon vapor sensor which is simple and low cost and can easily detect the existence of hydrocarbon vapor. The device is temperature compensated so that a change in resistance due to a change in temperature is avoided and an arcurate response is always provided. The sensor can be used in a system in which a number of sensors are provided at various depths to determine whether a leak or a ground spill has occurred.

Claims

1. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor, comprising:

a member having first and second surfaces;

first sensing means mounted in a stretched state on said first surface of said member for sensing hydrocarbon vapor;

second sensing means mounted in a stretched state on said second surface of said member for sensing temperature and providing temperature compensation;

perforated cover means for covering said first sensing means; and

cover means for hermetically sealing said second sensing means.

2. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor according to claim 1, wherein said member has an I-beam shape.

3. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor according to claim 2, wherein said member comprises an acrylic form.

4. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor according to claim 1, wherein said first and second sensing means comprise filled conductive ethylene propylene rubber.

5. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor according to claim 4, further comprising:

a bridge circuit connected to said first and second sensing means;

a comparator connected to said bridge circuit and connected to receive a threshold voltage;

a latch circuit connected to said comparator; and

display means for displaying the output from said latch means.

6. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor according to claim 5, wherein said display means includes means for displaying a parts per million count of sensed hydrocarbon vapor, and means for resetting said latch circuit.

7. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system having an underground storage tank, said hydrocarbon sensor system comprising:

first hydrocarbon vapor sensor means located near a bottom portion of the storage tank, for sensing hydrocarbon vapor;

second hydrocarbon vapor sensor means located near a portion of the storage tank between a top portion of the storage tank and the bottom portion of the storage tank, for sensing hydrocarbon vapor;

third hydrocarbon vapor sensor means located near the top portion of the storage tank, for sensing hydrocarbon vapor near the top portion of the storage tank;

means connectable at the top portion of the storage tank, for determining a leak when a resistance of said first hydrocarbon vapor sensor means is greater than a resistance of said second hydrocarbon vapor sensor means and the resistance of said second hydrocarbon vapor sensor means is greater than a resistance of said third hydrocarbon vapor sensor means and for determining a spill when the resistance of said first hydrocarbon vapor sensor means is less than the resistance of said second hydrocarbon vapor sensor means which is less than the output from said third hydrocarbon vapor sensor means.

8. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 7, wherein said hydrocarbon vapor sensor comprises:

a member having first and second surfaces;

first sensing means mounted in a stretched state on said first surface of said member, for sensing hydrocarbon vapor;

second sensing means, mounted in a stretched state on said second surface of said member, for sensing temperature;

perforated cover means for covering said first sensing means;

cover means for hermetically sealing said second sensing means; and

a bridge circuit connected to said first and second sensing means and outputting a temperature compensated signal.

9. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 8, wherein each of said first through third sensing means comprises filled conductive ethylene propylene rubber stretched to reduce cross-section area for improving sensitivity.

10. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 7, wherein said hydrocarbon vapor sensor means are located in a space between an inner portion of the storage tank and an outer portion of the storage tank.

11. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 7, wherein said first, second and third hydrocarbon vapor senor means are located exterior to the storage tank.

12. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 7, wherein said first through third hydrocarbon vapor sensor means are located in a vapor well adjacent the storage tank.

13. A hydrocarbon vapor sensor system according to claim 7, comprising more than three hydrocarbon vapor sensors.