Laser diode assembly including a cylindrical lens

• US 5,081,639 A
• Filed: 10/01/1990
• Issued: 01/14/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: United States Department of Energy
• Inventors: Reichert, Patrick, Snyder, James J.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hansen, Galen J.
• Application Number:
  US07/591,409
• Time in Patent Office: 470 Days
• Field of Search: 372/98, 372/101, 372/70, 372/75, 350/432, 350/433, 350/435, 350/436, 350/96.18, 250/578.1
• US Class Current: 372/101
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 2203/04 Polygonal outer cross-section, e.g. triangular, square
• CPC Class Codes: C03B 37/027 Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibresC03B37/0253, C03B37/028 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/32 having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends with lens being an integral part of the single fibre end G02B6/262
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/4206 Optical features G02B6/4207, G02B6/421 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/425 Optical features semiconductor laser arrays H01S5/40; hybrid LED arrays H01L25/0753; monolithic LED arrays H01L27/153
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/005 Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping shaping laser beam for working metal or other materials B23K26/06; optical elements, systems or apparatus in general G02B
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/005 Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping H01S5/026, H01S5/18388 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/026 Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers stabilisation of output H01S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/4025 Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar H01S5/42 takes precedence

Abstract

The present invention provides a diffraction limited, high numerical aperture (fast) cylindrical microlens. The method for making the microlens is adaptable to produce a cylindrical lens that has almost any shape on its optical surfaces. The cylindrical lens may have a shape, such as elliptical or hyperbolic, designed to transform some particular given input light distribution into some desired output light distribution. In the method, the desired shape is first formed in a glass preform. Then, the preform is heated to the minimum drawing temperature and a fiber is drawn from it. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber bears a direct relation to the shape of the preform from which it was drawn. During the drawing process, the surfaces become optically smooth due to fire polishing.

Claims

1. A laser assembly for providing a beam of laser radiation, comprising:

a laser diode having a rectangular emitting aperture defining a first axis along its width and a second axis normal to the first axis along its length; and

,

a cylindrical microlens bonded to the output facet of said laser diode, said cylindrical microlens comprising an optical fiber having a cylindrical axis positioned parallel to said second axis, wherein;

the boundary of the cross section of said microlens perpendicular to said cylindrical axis includes a portion shaped approximately like a curved conic section, wherein;

said portion has a non-zero eccentricity.

2. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser diode comprises a laser diode bar having an emitting aperture that is substantially longer along its second axis than it is wide along its first axis.

3. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical microlens has a shape to partially collimate the first axis of laser radiation emitted from the laser diode, so that the divergence of the beam along the first axis is approximately matched to the beam'"'"'s divergence along the second axis.

4. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cylindrical microlens has a shape to collimate the first axis of laser radiation emitted from the laser diode.

5. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said conic section shape is elliptical.

6. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 5, wherein said cylindrical microlens has a focal line positioned proximate to the emitting aperture of the laser diode.

7. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cylindrical microlens comprises a flat surface bonded to the facet of the laser diode.

8. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 7, further comprising an optical material that is index matched to the cylindrical lens, said optical material being positioned in a thin layer between the cylindrical lens and the output facet of the laser diode.

9. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 8, further comprising an optical cement that is index matched to the cylindrical lens, said optical cement bonding the cylindrical lens with the output facet of the laser diode.

10. A laser assembly for providing a beam of laser radiation that is substantially collimated along at least one axis, comprising:

a laser diode bar having an emitting aperture with a narrow portion defining a fast axis and a substantially longer portion defining a long axis; and

,

a cylindrical microlens bonded to the output facet of said laser diode, said cylindrical microlens comprising an optical fiber having a shape to substantially collimate the fast axis component of the laser beam emitted from said aperture, wherein;

said shape includes a cross-sectional boundary shaped approximately like a curved conic section, wherein said boundary has a non-zero eccentricity.

11. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 10, wherein said curved conic section is an ellipse.

12. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein said cylindrical microlens has a focal line positioned proximate to the output facet of the laser diode.

13. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 10, wherein said cylindrical microlens comprises a flat surface bonded to the output facet of the laser diode.

14. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 13, further comprising an optical material that is index matched to the cylindrical lens, said optical material being positioned between the cylindrical lens and the output facet of the laser diode.

15. The laser assembly as claimed in claim 14, further comprising an optical cement that is index matched to the cylindrical lens, said optical cement bonding the cylindrical lens with the output facet of the laser diode.

16. A cylindrical microlens for collimating the output of a laser diode, said cylindrical microlens comprising an optical fiber having:

a first optical surface having a shape matched to a facet of a laser diode for bonding thereto; and

,

a second optical surface positioned in an opposed relationship to the first optical surface, said second optical surface having an elliptical shape along the boundary of its cross section, wherein said second surface is positioned between 50 and 1000 microns of the first surface, said ellipse having a focal point positioned outside the lens and adjacent to the first surface.

17. The cylindrical microlens as claimed in claim 16, wherein the first optical surface comprises a flat surface formed parallel to the cylindrical axis of the microlens.