Measurement arrangement for acquiring a signal corresponding to respiratory motion

• US 5,088,501 A
• Filed: 10/17/1990
• Issued: 02/18/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Siemens AG
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Niewisch, Joachim
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US07/599,016
• Time in Patent Office: 489 Days
• Field of Search: 128/721, 128/722, 128/664-666, 128/671, 128/782
• US Class Current: 600/534
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1135 by monitoring thoracic expansion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/721 using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7285 for synchronising or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal A61B6/5205, A61B6/541, A61B8/5207, A61B8/543 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/28 Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/5673 Gating or triggering based on a physiological signal other than an MR signal, e.g. ECG gating or motion monitoring using optical systems for monitoring the motion of a fiducial marker

Abstract

An arrangement for acquiring a signal corresponding to respiratory motion includes a pneumatic respiratory belt which generates a mechanical pressure signal and a pressure transducer which converts the incoming mechanical pressure signal into an optical signal using a flexible membrane, which is deformed by the pressure signal, and which has a reflective surface thereon so that a modulated light signal is generated corresponding to the pressure signal. The transducer can be constructed avoiding metallic materials, thereby permitting the transducer to be disposed in the radio frequency field of a magnetic resonance imaging tomography apparatus, and thus in the immediate proximity of the respiratory belt. The pressure signals from the belt, since they must travel only a relatively short distance to the transducer, do not significantly deteriorate and thus the sensitivity of the measuring arrangement is increased.

Claims

1. A measuring arrangement for acquiring a signal corresponding to respiratory motion comprising:

a pneumatic respiratory belt adapted to be worn by an examination subject which generates a pneumatic pressure signal in response to respiratory motion;

a light source;

a pressure transducer in fluid communication with said belt via a releasable connection, permitting said belt to assume an arbitrary operating point before connection to said pressure transducer, for receiving said pneumatic pressure signal therefrom and in optical communication with said light source for receiving light therefrom, said pressure transducer having a flexible membrane deformable by said pneumatic pressure signal, said membrane carrying a reflector thereon disposed in the path of light from said light source and which generates an intensity-modulated optical signal corresponding to the deformations; and

means for detecting said intensity-modulated optical signal.

2. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for detecting and said light source are in optical communication with said transducer via a common optical waveguide having an end face disposed in said transducer, and wherein said membrane has a planar surface on which said reflector is disposed facing said end face of said light waveguide.

3. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said membrane consists of silicone rubber.

4. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said reflector consists of an aluminum coated Mylar®

foil.

5. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said reflector is formed by a vapor-deposited metallic layer on said membrane.

6. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein said reflector is a dielectric mirror.

7. A measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 2 wherein said membrane has a thickened region in registry with said end face of said light waveguide and wherein said reflector is disposed on said thickened region.

8. A measuring arrangement for acquiring a signal corresponding to respiratory motion comprising:

a pneumatic respiratory belt adapted to be worn by an examination subject and generating a pneumatic pressure signal corresponding to respiratory motion;

a light source;

transducer means containing no magnetic or electrically conductive parts in fluid communication with said belt via a releasable connection, permitting said belt to assume an arbitrary operating point before connection to said pressure transducer, for receiving said pneumatic signal therefrom and in optical communication with said light source for receiving light therefrom for converting said pressure signal into an intensity-modulated optical signal; and

means for detecting said intensity-modulated optical signal.

9. A method for acquiring a signal corresponding to respiratory motion comprising the steps of:

attaching a pneumatic respiratory belt to an examination subject so that a pneumatic chamber in said belt, having a conduit in fluid communication therewith, generates a pressure signal in response to deformation of said chamber by respiratory motion;

maintaining said conduit open to the atmosphere during attachment of said belt to said examination subject so that said pressure chamber can assume an arbitrary deformation and thereby set an arbitrary operating point for said respiratory belt;

attaching said conduit, after attachment of said belt to said examination subject, to a pressure transducer via a releasable connection so that said pressure transducer is in fluid communication with said deformable chamber for receiving said pressure signal therefrom;

deforming a flexible membrane in said pressure transducer by said pressure signal, said flexible membrane having an optical reflector thereon;

directing a light source at said reflector on said flexible membrane for intensity-modulating light from said light source by movement of said reflector caused by deformation of said flexible membrane due to said pressure signal; and

detecting light from said light source which has been intensity-modulated by deformation of said flexible membrane and using the intensity-modulated light as an indicator for respiratory motion.