Particle asymmetry analyzer having sphericity detectors

• US 5,089,714 A
• Filed: 06/04/1990
• Issued: 02/18/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/10/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The secretary of state for defence in her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain And Northern Ireland
• Original Assignee: The secretary of state for defence in her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain And Northern Ireland
• Inventors: Ludlow, Ian K., Kaye, Paul H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Le, Que T.
• Application Number:
  US07/476,396
• Time in Patent Office: 624 Days
• Field of Search: 250/574, 250/575, 356/338, 356/336, 356/341, 356/342, 356/343
• US Class Current: 250/574
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1434 Optical arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1456 without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2015/0238 Single particle scatter
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2015/1413 Hydrodynamic focussing
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2015/1497 Particle shape

Abstract

An apparatus and method which provides a measure of the asymmetry as well as the size of individual fluid borne particles. Laser-light scattering techniques are employed to obtain data on the particles, which is then compared to data on known particle shapes to ascribe an asymmetry factor to the particles.

Claims

1. A particle analyser for use in determining the asymmetry of particles, said analyser includes:

means for providing a sample of airborne particulates in the form of a laminar flow;

means for illuminating the sample with a polarised laser beam;

at least one forward scattering detector and at least three sphericity detectors placed radially symmetrically about a central axis;

means for directing the radiation scattered by individual particles towards said scattering and sphericity detectors; and

means for deriving data from the detectors to describe the particle.

2. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means for directing the radiation is a concave reflector.

3. A particle analyzer as claimed in claim 2 wherein the concave reflector is an ellipsoid reflector.

4. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 2, wherein the central axis is the reflection axis of the reflector.

5. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 1 wherein the detectors are photmultipliers.

6. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 1 wherein the detectors are optical fibres leading to photomultiplers.

7. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 1 wherein the radiation collectors may take any configuration and their positions may be varied at will.

15. A particle analyser as claimed in claim 4 wherein the central axis is the reflection axis of the reflector.

8. A method of determining the asymmetry of particles wherein said method includes the steps of:

providing a sample of airborne particulates in the form of a laminar flow;

illuminating the sample with a polarised beam;

reflecting the radiation scattered by individual particles to at least one forward scattering detector and at least three sphericity detectors placed radially symmetrically about a central axis; and

deriving from the detectors data describing the particle.

9. A method as claimed in claim 8 wherein the radiation scattered by individual particles is reflected by a concave reflector towards the light collectors.

10. A method as claimed in claim 9 wherein the concave reflector has an ellipsoid interior surface.

11. A method as claimed in claim 9 wherein the central axis is the reflection axis of the reflector.

12. A method as claimed in any one of claim 8 characterised in that the detectors are photomultipliers.

13. A method as claimed in claim 8 characterised in that the detectors are optical fibres connected to photomultiplers.

14. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the central axis is the reflection axis of the reflector.