Powder coated hydrogel capsules

• US 5,093,130 A
• Filed: 09/26/1989
• Issued: 03/03/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 09/26/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Plant Genetics Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Plant Genetics Incorporated
• Inventors: Redenbaugh, Keith, Fujii, Jon A., Sakamoto, Yuji
• Primary Examiner(s): Page, Thurman K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Spear, James M.
• Application Number:
  US07/412,846
• Time in Patent Office: 889 Days
• Field of Search: 424/463, 424/451, 424/452, 424/456, 424/459, 424/478, 424/410, 424/474, 424/405, 424/408
• US Class Current: 424/463
• CPC Class Codes: A01C 1/06 Coating or dressing seed
• CPC Class Codes: A01H 4/006 Encapsulated embryos for plant reproduction, e.g. artificial seeds
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/26 in coated particulate form
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2300/00 Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 36/02 Algae
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 36/48 Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 36/483 Gleditsia (locust)
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 36/899 Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/20 After-treatment of capsule walls, e.g. hardening

Abstract

Methods and materials are provided for coating hydrogel capsules containing botanic tissue with an inert substance that decrease capsule surface adhesiveness and facilitates singulation and flowability of the hydrogel capsules. The coating may be composed of at least one hydrophobic powder capable of forming a discontinuous film about the capsule surface.

Claims

1. A hydrated gel capsule comprising biological material discontinuously coated with a powdered substance permeable to air and water and capable of reducing capsule surface adhesiveness thereby facilitating capsule singulation, wherein the capsule further comprises a gel matrix comprising at least one agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alginate, guar gum, carrageenan with locust bean gum, sodium alginate with gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose, gum tragacanth, sodium pectate, vinyl acetate, Furcellaran, pectin, hypnean, dextran, tamarind, amylose, agar, agarose, agar with gelatin, starch, amylopectin, cornhull gum, starch arabogalactan, gum ghatti, gum karagan, Ti gum, wheat gum, chitin, dextrin, ethyl succinylated cellulose, succinylated zein, methylcellullose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, gelatin with glutaraldehyde, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyoxyethylene, hydrophillic urethane, polyvinylacetate, vinyl resins, hydroxyethylmethacrylate, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine-methylacrylate-methylacrylic acid, sodium polystyrene sulfonate with polyvinylmethylpyridinium chloride, sodium polystyrene sulfonate with polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, strongly acidic polyanions with strongly basic polycations, vinyl acetate homopolymer, polyvinyl alcohol resin, a stabilizing carbohydrate compound, methylan clear wallpaper paste, lactose, wax, clay, fly ash, feldspar, celrite, bentonite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, lime, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and urea.

2. Botanic tissue encapsulated in a hydrogel, said hydrogel further coated with at least one hydrophobic powder selected from the group consisting of polyvinylchloride granules, calcium stearate granules, magnesium stearate granules, talc, stearic acid, fumed silica, pyrogenic silica, finely divided silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum silicate, cetyl alcohol, microcrystaline cellulose, ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, and acetylcellulose.

3. The hydrogel capsule of claim 2 wherein said powdered substance comprises fumed silica.

4. A method for encapsulating botanic tissue comprising:

encapsulating botanic tissue in a hydrated hydrogel capsule; and

coating the capsule with at least one powder selected from the group consisting of polyvinylchloride granules, calcium stearate granules, magnesium stearate granules, talc, stearic acid, fumed silica, pyrogenic silica, finely divided silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum silicate, cetyl alcohol, microcrystaline cellulose, ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, and acetylcellulose in an amount that is permeable to air and water and sufficient to reduce adhesiveness of the capsules.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said powdered substance comprises fumed silica.

6. Botanic tissue encapsulated within a hydrated hydrogel capsule comprising a gel matrix comprising at least one agent selected from the group consisting of sodium alginate, guar gum, carrageenan with locust bean gum, sodium alginate with gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose, gum tragacanth, sodium pectate, vinyl acetate, Furcellaran, pectin, hypnean, dextran, tamarind, amylose, agar, agarose, agar with gelatin, starch, amylopectin, cornhull gum, starch arabogalactan, gum ghatti, gum karagan, Ti gum, wheat gum, chitin, dextrin, ethyl succinylated cellulose, succinylated zein, methylcellullose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, gelatin with glutaraldehyde, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyoxyethylene, hydrophillic urethane, polyvinylacetate, vinyl resins, hydroxyethylmethacrylate, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine-methylacrylate-methylacrylic acid, sodium polystyrene sulfonate with polyvinylmethylpyridinium chloride, sodium polystyrene sulfonate with polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, strongly acidic polyanions with strongly basic polycations, vinyl acetate homopolymer, polyvinyl alcohol resin a stabilizing carbohydrate compound, methylan clear wallpaper paste, lactose, wax, clay, fly ash, feldspar, celrite, bentonite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, lime, calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and urea which is coated with a powdered substance comprising at least one powder selected from the group consisting of polyvinylchloride granules, calcium stearate granules, magnesium stearate granules, talc, stearic acid, fumed silica, pyrogenic silica, finely divided silicon dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum silicate, cetyl alcohol, microcrystaline cellulose, ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, and acetylcellulose in an amount that is permeable to air and water and sufficient to reduce capsule surface adhesiveness, thereby facilitating capsule singulation.

7. The hydrogel capsule of claim 6 wherein said powdered substance comprises fumed silica.