Carbonaceous material and a non aqueous electrolyte cell using the same

• US 5,093,216 A
• Filed: 07/27/1990
• Issued: 03/03/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 07/29/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Omaru, Atsuo, Azuma, Hideto, Nishi, Yoshio
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US07/558,470
• Time in Patent Office: 585 Days
• Field of Search: 252/502, 252/182.1, 429/194, 429/218
• US Class Current: 429/223
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/528 obtained from carbonaceous particles with or without other non-organic components
• CPC Class Codes: C10C 3/04 by blowing or oxidising , e.g. air, ozone
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/027 Negative electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0025 Organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/0459 Electrochemical doping, intercalation, occlusion or alloying
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/38 of elements or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A carbonaceous material and a non-aqueous electrolyte cell using the carbonaceous material as an anode are disclosed. The carbonaceous material has an interlayer spacing, d₀₀₂, of not less than 3.70 angstroms and a true density of less than 1.70 g/cm³, and contains from 0.2 to 5.0 weight % of phosphorus. The carbonaceous material has a large doping capacity for Li, and the non-aqueous electrolyte cell using the material has a large capacity and improved charge-discharge cycle characteristics.

Claims

1. A carbonaceous material having an interlayer spacing, d₀₀₂, of not less than 3.70 angstroms and a true density of less than 1.70 g/cm³, having no exothermic peak at not less than 700°

C. as measured by a differential thermal analysis in air stream, and containing from 0.2 to 5.0 weight % of phosphorus.

2. A carbonaceous material according to claim 1, wherein said carbonaceous material is obtained by carbonizing an organic material.

3. A carbonaceous material according to claim 2, wherein said organic material is a furan resin.

4. A carbonaceous material according to claim 2, wherein said organic material is a petroleum pitch having a H/C atomic ratio between 0.6 and 0.8 and containing functional groups containing oxygen.

5. A non-aqueous electrolyte cell comprising:

an anode including a carbonaceous material amenable to doping and de-doping with Li;

a cathode of a compound including Li for doping said carbonaceous material when a charge is applied to said non-acqueous electrolyte cell; and

a non-aqueous electrolyte;

wherein said carbonaceous material has an interlayer spacing, d₀₀₂, of not less than 3.70 angstroms and a true density of less than 1.70 g/cm³, having no exothermic peak at not less than 700°

C. as measured by a differential thermal analysis in air stream, and contains from 0.2 to 5.0 weight % of phosphorus.

6. A non-aqueous electrolyte cell according to claim 5, wherein said cathode contains Li in an amount of corresponding to the charge/discharge capacity of not less than 350 mAH per gram of said carbonaceous material.

7. A non-aqueous electrolyte cell according to claim 5, wherein said cathode contains Li in an amount corresponding to the charge/discharge capacity of not less than 350 mAH per gram of said carbonaceous material.

8. A non-aqueous electrolyte cell according to claim 5, wherein said cathode contains a cathode active material of the formula, LiMO₂, wherein M stands for at least one of Co and Ni.