Smoke reducing additive for two-cycle engine lubricant-fuel mixture

• US 5,108,462 A
• Filed: 12/27/1990
• Issued: 04/28/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Company (Exxon Mobil Corporation)
• Inventors: Habeeb, Jacob J., May, Christopher J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hearn, Brian E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nuzzolillo, Maria
• Application Number:
  US07/634,984
• Time in Patent Office: 488 Days
• Field of Search: 44/383, 252/32.7 R, 252/46.7 R
• US Class Current: 44/383
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/14 Organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/1832 mono-hydroxy C10L1/1802, C10L1/1805, C10L1/1808, C10L1/1811, C10L1/1814, C10L1/1817, C10L1/1828 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/1883 polycarboxylic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/189 having at least one carboxyl group bound to an aromatic carbon atom C10L1/1802, C10L1/1805, C10L1/1808, C10L1/1811, C10L1/1814, C10L1/1817, C10L1/1885, C10L1/1886, C10L1/1888 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/201 aliphatic bond
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/224 Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides C10L1/221, C10L1/2227 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/2425 Thiocarbonic acids and derivatives thereof, e.g. xanthates; Thiocarbamic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. dithio-carbamates; Thiurams
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/306 organo Pb compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 10/02 for reducing smoke development
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/06 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/16 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/12 Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/18 thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/044 having cycloaliphatic groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/06 Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/066 : Thiocarbamic type compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/251 : Alcohol-fuelled engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/255 : Gasoline engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/26 : Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/28 : Rotary engines
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2075/025 : two

Abstract

A lubricant-fuel mixture containing an amine salt and/or amide of a thiobenzoic acid derivative is effective in reducing the smoke emitted during operation of a two-cycle internal combustion engine. A preferred thiobenzoic acid derivative is 4-hydroxy-3,5-ditert-dibutyldithiobenzoate.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil-fuel mixture comprising

(a) a lubricating oil basestock,

(b) a distillate fuel, and

(c) an oil-soluble additive comprised of a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt or amide of a compound having the formula:

##STR3## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, and R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ and R₅ are selected from hydrogen;

a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms;

a hydroxy group, and an oxygen-containing hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one of the radicals R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ or R₅ is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.

2. The mixture of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbyl substituted amine used in the preparation of the oil-soluble additive comprises at least one straight chain alkyl group containing from 8 to 40 carbon atoms.

3. The mixture of claim 2 wherein the oil-soluble additive is an amine salt.

4. The mixture of claim 3 wherein at least one of the radicals R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ or R₅ is a hydrocarbyl radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

5. The mixture of claim 4 wherein X in the formula for the benzoic acid derivative represents sulfur.

6. The mixture of claim 5 wherein at least one of the radicals R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ or R₅ is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

7. The mixture of claim 6 wherein at least one of the radicals R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄ or R₅ is a hydroxy group.

8. The mixture of claim 7 wherein the hydrocarbyl substituted amine comprises at least one straight chain alkyl group containing from 12 to 24 carbon atoms.

9. The mixture of claim 8 wherein the hydrocarbyl substituted amine is a tallow amine.

10. The mixture of claim 9 wherein the oil-soluble additive is a ditallow amine salt of 4-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butyldithiobenzoic acid.

11. The mixture of claim 1 wherein from about 0.1 to about 5 wt.% of the oil-soluble additive is present therein.

12. The mixture of claim 11 wherein the volume ratio of lubricant to fuel ranges from about 20 to about 1:

250.

13. The mixture of claim 12 wherein fuel is gasoline.

14. A method for reducing the smoke emitted from a two-cycle internal combustion engine by operating the engine with the mixture of claim 1.