Powertrain performance assessment system

• US 5,109,696 A
• Filed: 09/06/1990
• Issued: 05/05/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Caterpillar Incorporated
• Inventors: Hefner, Robert E., Johnson, Lowell E., Erickson, Ronald C., Schwingel, Donald J., Hardy, Gerald D., Spring, Richard E., Bright, Irving, Greene, Dennis K.
• Primary Examiner(s): RAEVIS, ROBERT R
• Application Number:
  US07/578,990
• Time in Patent Office: 607 Days
• Field of Search: 73/118.1, 73/162, 364/424.03, 364/424.04
• US Class Current: 73/115.02
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/188 Controlling power parameters of the driveline, e.g. determining the required power
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 59/50 Inputs being a function of the status of the machine, e.g. position of doors or safety belts
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 13/025 Test-benches with rotational drive means and loading means; Load or drive simulation

Abstract

An apparatus is adapted to assess the performance of a vehicle'"'"'s powertrain. A microcomputer collects sensor data indicative of the rotational velocity of an output shaft and a transmission input shaft and of the pressure of a directional clutch and a speed clutch. The microcomputer calculates a set of powertrain parameters based on the collected sensor data and produces an error signal in response to predetermined conditions of the powertrain parameters.

Claims

1. An apparatus for assessing the performance of a powertrain, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, and a transmission having at least one directional clutch, one speed clutch, and a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit, comprising:

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal; and

logic means for receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, calculating a set of powertrain parameters as a function of the received signals and time, and producing an error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

2. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said logic means includes:

means for receiving said output shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said output shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said transmission input shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said transmission input shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said directional clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said directional clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said speed clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said speed clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals; and

,

memory means for storing said speed clutch pressure samples, said directional clutch pressure samples, said output shaft velocity samples, and said transmission input shaft velocity samples.

3. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said logic means includes memory means for storing said powertrain parameters and producing a time history data file of said powertrain parameters.

4. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 3, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said time history data file.

5. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said received signals.

6. An apparatus, as set froth in claim 1, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said powertrain parameters.

7. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said logic means includes means for determining a set of reference time signals in response to said speed clutch pressure signal, said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal and wherein said set of powertrain parameters are calculated as a function of said received signals and said set of reference time signals.

8. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said set of powertrain parameters includes an engine stall velocity, a transmission stall pressure, a lockup transmission pressure, a final torque converter speed ratio, a final directional clutch pressure, and a final speed clutch pressure.

9. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 8, wherein said set of powertrain parameters further includes an average torque converter acceleration and an average engine acceleration.

10. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said set of powertrain parameters includes a set of time parameters.

11. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 10, wherein said set of time parameters includes a shift initiation time, a clutch fill time, a transmission pressure modulation time, a slip time, and a torque converter recovery time.

12. An apparatus for assessing the performance of a powertrain of a vehicle, said vehicle having a ground engaging means, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft and a transmission having at least one directional clutch and one speed clutch for delivering power to said ground engaging means, and a transmission input shaft driven by said torque converter unit, comprising:

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal; and

logic means including;

means for receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, directional clutch pressure signal, output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, calculating a set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals;

means for producing an engine power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters;

means for producing a torque converter input power demand error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters; and

,

means for producing a torque converter output power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

13. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein powertrain includes a transmission controller for controllably engaging and disengaging said clutches and said logic means includes:

means for producing a transmission control error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters; and

means for producing a clutch error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

14. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said prime mover is so constructed and adapted to provide power to an auxiliary load and said logic means includes means for producing an auxiliary power demand error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

15. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes means for producing a transmission power loss error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

16. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes:

means for receiving said output shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said output shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said transmission input shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said transmission input shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said directional clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said directional clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals;

means for receiving said speed clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said speed clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals; and

,

memory means for storing said speed clutch pressure samples, said directional clutch pressure samples, said output shaft velocity samples, and said transmission input shaft velocity samples.

17. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes memory means for storing said powertrain parameters and producing a time history data file of said powertrain parameters.

18. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 17, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said time history data file.

19. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said received signals.

20. An apparatus, as set forth in claim 12, wherein said logic means includes display means for producing visual representations of said powertrain parameters.

21. An apparatus for assessing the performance of a powertrain of a vehicle, said vehicle having a ground engaging means, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, an implement load connected to said output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, and a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit, and at least one directional clutch and one speed clutch for delivering power to said ground engaging means, and a transmission controller for controllably engaging and disengaging the clutches, comprising:

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

means for sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal; and

,

logic means for receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, calculating a set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals, producing a power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters, producing a transmission control error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters, producing a transmission powerloss error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters, and producing a clutch error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

22. A method for assessing the performance of a powertrain, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, and a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit and at least one directional clutch and one speed clutch, comprising the steps of:

sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal;

sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal;

receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, responsively determining a set of reference time signals, and calculating a set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals and said reference time signals; and

producing an error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

23. A method, as set forth in claim 22, wherein said set of powertrain parameters includes an engine stall velocity, a transmission stall pressure, a lockup transmission pressure, a final torque converter speed ratio, a final directional clutch pressure, and a final speed clutch pressure.

24. A method, as set forth in claim 23, wherein said set of time parameters includes a shift initiation time, a clutch fill time, a transmission pressure modulation time, a slip time, and a torque converter recovery time.

25. A method, as set forth in claim 22, wherein said set of powertrain parameters includes a set of time parameters.

26. A method, as set forth in claim 25, wherein said set of powertrain parameters further includes an average torque converter acceleration and an average engine acceleration.

27. A method, as set forth in claim 22, including the steps of:

receiving said speed clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said speed clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals;

receiving said directional clutch pressure signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said directional clutch pressure signal at discrete time intervals;

receiving said output shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said output shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals;

receiving said transmission input shaft velocity signal and producing a plurality of samples indicative of the magnitude of said transmission input shaft velocity signal at discrete time intervals; and

,

storing said speed clutch pressure samples, said directional clutch pressure samples, said output shaft velocity samples, and said transmission input shaft velocity samples.

28. A method, as set forth in claim 22, including the steps of storing said powertrain parameters and producing a time history data file of said powertrain parameters.

29. A method, as set forth in claim 28 including the step of producing visual representations of said time history data file.

30. A method, as set forth in claim 22, including the step of producing visual representations of said received signals.

31. A method, as set forth in claim 22, including the step of producing visual representations of said powertrain parameters.

32. A method for assessing the performance of a powertrain of a vehicle, said vehicle having a ground engaging means, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, an implement load connected to said output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, and a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit and at least one directional clutch and one speed clutch for delivering power to said ground engaging means, comprising the steps of:

sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal;

sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal; and

receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output shaft velocity signal, and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, and calculating a set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals;

producing an engine power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters;

producing a torque converter input power demand error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters; and

,

producing a torque converter output power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

33. A method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein said powertrain includes a transmission controller for controllably engaging and disengaging said clutches and including the steps of:

producing a transmission control error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters;

producing a clutch error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters; and

producing a transmission power loss error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

34. A method, as set forth in claim 32, wherein said prime mover is so constructed and adapted to provide power to an auxiliary load and including the step of producing an implement power demand error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

35. A method, as set forth in claim 32, including the steps of storing said powertrain parameters and producing a time history data file of said powertrain parameters.

36. A method, as set forth in claim 35, including the step of producing visual representations of said time history data file.

37. A method, as set forth in claim 32, including the step of producing visual representations of said received signals.

38. A method, as set forth in claim 32, including the step of producing visual representations of said powertrain parameters.

39. A method for assessing the performance of a powertrain of a vehicle, said vehicle having a ground engaging means, said powertrain having a prime mover for rotating an output shaft, an implement load connected to said output shaft, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit and having at least one directional clutch and one speed clutch for delivering power to said ground engaging means, and a transmission controller for controllably engaging and disengaging the clutches, comprising the steps of:

sensing the pressure of said speed clutch and responsively producing a speed clutch pressure signal;

sensing the pressure of said directional clutch and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft and responsively producing an output shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft and responsively producing a transmission input shaft velocity signal; and

receiving said speed clutch pressure signal, said directional clutch pressure signal, said output velocity signal, and said transmission input velocity signal and calculating a set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals;

producing a power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters;

producing a transmission control error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters;

producing a transmission power loss error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters; and

producing a clutch error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said powertrain parameters.

40. A method for assessing a powertrain, said powertrain having an engine for rotating an output shaft, an engine controller, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit and having a directional clutch and at least one speed clutch, said speed and directional clutches so constructed and arranged to shift said transmission between a NEUTRAL position and at least one FORWARD and one REVERSE gear ratio positions, comprising the steps of:

performing a slip test;

sensing the pressure of said directional clutch during said slip test step and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

sensing the pressure of said speed clutch during said slip test step and responsively producing a speed clutch signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft during said slip test step and responsively producing a first output shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft during said slip test step and responsively producing a first transmission input shaft velocity signal;

receiving said directional clutch pressure signal, speed clutch pressure signal, output shaft velocity signal and said transmission input shaft velocity signal, responsively determining a first set of reference time signals, and calculating a first set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals and said reference time signals;

performing an acceleration test;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft during said acceleration test step and responsively producing a second transmission input shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft during said acceleration test step and responsively producing a second output shaft velocity signal;

receiving said second output shaft velocity signal and said second transmission input shaft velocity signal, responsively determining a second set of reference time signals, and calculating a second set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals and said second set of reference time signals; and

producing an error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said first and second sets of said powertrain parameters.

41. The method, as set forth in claim 40, wherein said slip test step includes the steps of:

shifting said transmission to said NEUTRAL position;

setting the engine controller at a predetermined idle; and

shifting said transmission to one of said FORWARD and REVERSE gear ratio positions.

42. The method, as set forth in claim 40, where said acceleration test step includes the steps of:

setting said engine controller at a first predetermined idle;

shifting said transmission to one of said NEUTRAL, FORWARD gear ratio, and REVERSE gear ratio positions, and

transferring said engine controller to a second predetermined idle.

43. A method for assessing a powertrain, said powertrain having an engine for rotating an output shaft, an engine governor, a torque converter unit driven by the output shaft, and a transmission having a transmission input shaft driven by the torque converter unit and having at least one directional clutch and at least one speed clutch, said speed and directional clutches so constructed and arranged to shift said transmission between a NEUTRAL position and at least one FORWARD and one REVERSE gear ratio positions, comprising the steps of:

performing a slip test including the following steps;

shifting said transmission to said NEUTRAL position;

setting the engine controller at a predetermined idle;

shifting said transmission to one of said FORWARD and REVERSE gear ratio positions;

sensing the pressure of said directional clutch during said transmission shifting step and responsively producing a directional clutch pressure signal;

sensing the pressure of said speed clutch during said transmission shifting step and responsively producing a speed clutch signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft during said transmission shifting step and responsively producing a first output shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft during said transmission shifting step and responsively producing a first transmission input shaft velocity signal;

receiving said directional clutch pressure signal, said speed clutch pressure signal, said first output shaft velocity signal and said first transmission input shaft velocity signal, responsively determining a first set of reference time signals, and calculating a first set of powertrain parameters based on the received signals and said first set of reference time signals;

performing an acceleration test including the following steps;

setting said engine controller at a predetermined idle;

shifting said transmission to one of said NEUTRAL, FORWARD gear ratio, and REVERSE gear ratio positions;

transferring said engine controller to a second predetermined idle;

sensing the rotational velocity of said transmission input shaft during said engine controller transferring step and responsively producing a second transmission input shaft velocity signal;

sensing the rotational velocity of said output shaft during said engine controller transferring step and responsively producing a second output shaft velocity signal; and

receiving said second output shaft velocity signal and said second transmission input shaft velocity signal, responsively determining a second set of reference time signals, and calculating a second set of powertrain parameters based on said second set of reference time signals, the second transmission input shaft signal and the second output shaft signal; and

producing an engine power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said first and second sets of said powertrain parameters;

producing a torque converter input power demand error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said first and second sets of said powertrain parameters; and

producing a torque converter output power error signal in response to predetermined conditions of said first and second sets of said powertrain parameters.