Calibration of plural - channel system

• US 5,111,208 A
• Filed: 02/23/1989
• Issued: 05/05/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 02/23/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hazeltine Corporation (BAE Systems Plc)
• Original Assignee: Hazeltine Corporation (BAE Systems Plc)
• Inventors: Lopez, A. R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor, John B.
• Application Number:
  US07/314,336
• Time in Patent Office: 1,167 Days
• Field of Search: 342/174, 342/165, 342/173, 342/368, 342/371, 342/372, 342/377
• US Class Current: 342/174
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 1/024 of beacon transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/267 Phased-array testing or checking devices
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/081 provided with an additional controlled phase shifter H03L7/0998 takes precedence

Abstract

In a system having plural signal-carrying channels, a phase shift is introduced between a signal in one of the channels and a reference signal for calibrating the individual channels. The reference signal is obtained by adding samples of signals in other ones of the channels. The phase shift is introduced by phase-shift apparatus responsive to a command signal directing a continuous monotonic increment of phase. The phase incrementing introduces a frequency shift (a serrodyne), which produces a beat-frequency signal for mixing a channel signal with the reference signal. The beat-frequency signal is phase locked to a modulation patern of a command signal, whereby a measurement of phase (or delay) can be made between the two signals for calibration of each channel within the system. Separate calibrations may be made for different presumed values of system delay so as to obtain a value of system delay which causes the calibration sequence to converge to fixed values of phase shift introduced in each of the channels.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating phase shifts in a system having multiple signal-carrying channels comprising steps of:

extracting from each channel a sample of a signal translated by the channel;

summing together the signal samples of the respective channels;

selecting a first channel to be calibrated, the first channel translating a first signal;

applying a phase-shift test pattern to the first signal by incrementing the phase of the first signal in a monotonically continuing pattern of phase variation at a predetermined rate, thereby offsetting the frequency of said first signal relative to the frequencies of the signals translated by the other channels, all of the translated signals of the other channels having the same frequency and the sum of the signals of the other channels serving as a reference signal;

mixing the first signal with the reference signal to obtain a beat-frequency signal;

measuring a phase deviation between said beat-frequency signal and said test pattern;

replacing said test pattern at said first signal with a fixed amount of calibration phase of value commensurate with said phase deviation; and

repeating the foregoing steps with each of the signals translated by the other channels, thereby providing a calibration sequence in which each channel is calibrated once.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step of measuring, the phase deviation is measured by timing the occurrence of a zero-crossing in the beat-frequency signal relative to a preset delay from the beginning of the test pattern.

3. A method according to claim 2 further comprising a step of stabilizing said calibration sequence, the stabilizing step comprising

iterating said calibration step;

altering a value of said delay in said measuring step during each iteration of said calibration sequence;

noting values of phase deviations at the respective channels during each cycle in said calibration sequence;

selecting a value of said delay which minimizes the values of said phase deviations.

4. A method according to claim 1 wherein

in said replacing step, a value of calibration phase increment is quantized digitally.

5. A method according to claim 4 wherein a value of calibration phase increment may be zero or the least significant bit of a digitally generated phase shift.

6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said mixing step is accomplished by feeding said first signal and said reference signal to a nonlinear electric circuit, and filtering an output signal of said nonlinear circuit to obtain said beat-frequency signal, said nonlinear circuit acting to produce sum and difference frequency components in the output signal of said nonlinear circuit, said filtering serving to select the difference frequency component.

7. Apparatus for calibrating phase shifts in a system having multiple signal-carrying channels comprising:

means for extracting from each channel a sample of a signal translated by the channel;

means for summing together the signal samples of the respective channels;

means for applying a phase-shift test pattern to a signal translated in a first one of said channels for calibrating said channels, said test pattern providing for an incrementing of a phase of the first-channel signal at a predetermined rate, the incrementing of phase offsetting a frequency of the first-channel signal relative to frequencies of signals translated by other ones of said channels, the frequencies of the signals translated by said other ones of said channels being equal, the sum of the signals of the other channels serving as a reference signal;

means for mixing the first-channel signal with the reference signal to obtain a beat-frequency signal;

means for measuring a phase deviation between said beat-frequency signal and said test pattern;

means for activating said applying means to replace said phase-shift test pattern at said first-channel signal with a fixed amount of calibration phase of value commensurate with said phase deviation;

wherein said activating means causes said applying means to be operative in turn upon signals of other ones of said channels to provide for calibration of other ones of said channels in a calibration sequence in which each channel is calibrated once.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said measuring means is operative to measure phase deviation by timing an occurrence of a zero crossing in the beat-frequency signal relative to a preset delay from a beginning of the test pattern.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said activating means operates to stabilize said calibration sequence, said activating means activating said phase-shift applying means in a plurality of calibration sequences, each calibration sequence differing from a previous calibration sequence by an amount of delay employed in a measuring of the phase deviation, said activating means selecting amounts of calibration phase obtained with values of delay wherein a calibration sequence minimizes changes in said amount of calibration phase.

10. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said phase-shift applying means operates digitally with digitally quantized phase increments.

11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein a value of calibration phase increment may be zero or the least significant bit of a digitally generated phase shift.

12. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said mixing means includes a nonlinear circuit, said mixing means being operative to accomplish a feeding of said first-channel signal and said reference signal to said nonlinear circuit, said mixing means filtering an output signal of said nonlinear circuit to obtain said beat-frequency signal, said nonlinear circuit acting to produce sum and difference frequency components in an output signal of the nonlinear circuit, said filtering selecting the difference frequency component.