Method and apparatus for dynamic channel bandwidth allocation among multiple parallel video coders

• US 5,115,309 A
• Filed: 09/10/1990
• Issued: 05/19/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T, Inc.
• Inventors: Hang, Hsueh-Ming
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE, MICHAEL
• Application Number:
  US07/580,412
• Time in Patent Office: 617 Days
• Field of Search: 358/133, 358/136, 358/135, 358/426, 358/432, 358/433, 370/79, 370/80, 370/82, 370/83, 370/84, 370/110.01, 370/110.04, 370/111, 370/112, 370/118
• US Class Current: 348/388.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/115 Selection of the code volume for a coding unit prior to coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/146 Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/30 using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability H04N19/63 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/61 in combination with predictive coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/63 using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets

Abstract

A dynamic channel allocation unit for specifying a bit rate for each video coder in a set of parallel video coders comprising an overall video coder is disclosed. The dynamic channel allocation unit is supplied from each individual video coder with an average from quantization step size for the previous frame and the average number of bits produced per pel. For the current image frame the dynamic channel allocation unit computes a set of channel sharing factors, i.e., the percentage of the total channel bandwidth to be allocated to a particular video coder. One channel sharing factor is computed for each individual video coder. Individual members of the set of channel sharing factors may be further refined to reflect the prior history of the channel sharing factor for their corresponding coder. Additionally, the set of estimates may be normalized to reflect the actual number of bits that can actually be produced by each individual video coder.

Claims

1. Apparatus for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth comprising:

a set including a plurality of individual video coders each of which is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation;

means for receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame; and

means responsive to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders for generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors.

2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein at least one member of said set of estimated channel sharing factors is generated for each member of said set of individual video coders.

3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 further includes means for normalizing said set of estimated channel sharing factors.

4. The apparatus as defined in claim 1 further including means for supplying as an output a set of channel sharing factors.

5. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein at least one channel sharing factor of said set of channel sharing factors is supplied to each member of said set of individual video coders.

6. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said set of channel sharing factors supplied as output is comprised of at least one member of said set of estimated channel sharing factors.

7. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said set of channel sharing factors supplied as output is comprised of at least one member of a set of modified estimated channel sharing factors.

8. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said set of channel sharing factors supplied as output is comprised of at least one member of a set of normalized estimated channel sharing factors.

9. The apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said set of channel sharing factors supplied as output is comprised of at least one member of a set of normalized modified estimated channel sharing factors.

10. Apparatus for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth comprising:

a set including a plurality of individual video coders each of which is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation;

means for receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame;

means for receiving as an input a set of values representative of an average number of bits produced per pel by each individual video coder for said previous frame, each member of said set corresponding to at least one member of said set of individual video coders; and

means responsive to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders and to said set of values for generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors.

11. Apparatus for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth comprising:

a set including a plurality of individual video coders each of which is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation;

means for receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame;

means responsive to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders for generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors; and

means for deriving a modified set of estimated channel sharing factors from said set of estimated channel sharing factors such that said modified set of estimated channel sharing factors reflects values of at least one estimated channel sharing factor for at least one frame prior to said current frame.

12. The apparatus as defined in claim 11 wherein said means for deriving further includes means for obtaining a weighted average of an at least one of said current estimated channel sharing factors and said at least one estimated channel sharing factor for at least one frame prior to said current frame.

13. The appartus as defined in claim 11 further includes means for normalizing said modified set of estimated channel sharing factors.

14. A method for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth to each member of a set including a plurality of individual video coders wherein each coder is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation, comprising the steps of:

receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame; and

generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors in response to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders.

15. The method as defined in claim 14 further including the step of normalizing said set of estimated channel sharing factors.

16. The method as defined in claim 14 further including the step of supplying as an output a set of channel sharing factors.

17. A method for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth to each member of a set including a plurality of individual video coders wherein each coder is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation, comprising the steps of:

receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame;

generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors in response to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders; and

receiving as an input a set of values representative of an average number of bits produced per pel by each individual video coder for said previous frame, each member of said set corresponding to at least one member of said set of individual video coders wherein said step of generating is also responsive to said set of values.

18. A method for dynamically allocating portions of available overall channel bandwidth to each member of a set including a plurality of individual video coders wherein each coder is processing in parallel at least a different portion of at least one video signal comprised of frames wherein each frame contains an at least one image representation, comprising the steps of:

receiving as an input from each member of said set of individual video coders an average frame quantization step size employed in a previous frame; and

generating for a current frame a set of estimated channel sharing factors in response to said average frame quantization step size from each of said individual video coders; and

deriving a modified set of estimated channel sharing factors from said set of estimated channel sharing factors such that said modified set of estimated channel sharing factors reflects values of at least one estimated channel sharing factor for at least one frame prior to said current frame.

19. The method as defined in claim 18 further including the step of normalizing said modified set of estimated channel sharing factors.