High resolution translation of images

• US 5,115,311 A
• Filed: 10/16/1990
• Issued: 05/19/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Jaqua, Douglas A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Peng, John K.
• Application Number:
  US07/598,546
• Time in Patent Office: 581 Days
• Field of Search: 358/11, 358/12, 358/140, 358/141
• US Class Current: 348/458
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/90 Tape-like record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/028 with computer assistance
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/91 Television signal processing therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/0112 one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/0137 dependent on presence/absence of motion, e.g. of motion zones H04N7/014 takes precedence; movement detection in television signals H04N5/144
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/7925 for more than one standard
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 348/911 Line doubler adapted for reproducing program originally from film, e.g. 24 frame per second

Abstract

A method of and translator for translating a series of groups of video fields into a new series of groups of video fields, where each group represents lines of a single image at a single point in time of a moving picture. A representation of each of a series of the single images representing a moving picture is created from within the group of fields representing each such single image.

Claims

1. A translator for creating, from a first sequence of fields, a second sequence of fields, where each sequence of fields represents the same series of images of a motion picture, each image being at a single point in time of the motion picture, the first sequence comprising a plurality of groups of plural fields where each group represents a different single one of said images, each field of the first sequence comprising a first number of lines per field and each field of the second sequence comprising a second number of lines per field where the first and second numbers of lines differ, the translator comprising:

means for analyzing the first sequence of fields to determine which of the fields belong in the same said group representing a single image;

means for selecting such fields for spatial interpolation from the first sequence that are determined to be in the same group of fields representing a single image; and

means for spatially interpolating the lines of the selected fields of the first sequence to derive the lines of at least one of the fields of the second sequence.

2. The translator of claim 1 wherein the means for analyzing comprises a translator for creating, from a first sequence of fields, a second sequence of fields, where each sequence of fields represents the same series of images of a motion picture, each said image being at a single point in time of the motion picture, the first sequence comprising a plurality of groups of plural fields where each group represents a different single one of said images, each field of the first sequence comprising a first number of lines per field and each field of the second sequence comprising a second number of lines per field, and the means for selecting comprises one of a database and a motion detector enabling selection of fields from the first sequence that are determined to be in the same group of fields representing a single image.

3. A translator for creating, from a first sequence of fields, a second sequence of fields, where each sequence of fields represents the same series of images of a motion picture, each said image being at a single point in time of the motion picture, the first sequence comprising a plurality of groups of plural fields where each group represents a different single one of said images, each field of the first sequence comprising a first number of lines per field and each field of the second sequence comprising a second number of lines per field, the translator comprising:

means for determining which of the fields belong in the same said group representing a single image, and for selecting such fields for spatial interpolation from the first sequence that are determined to be in the same group of fields representing a single image; and

means for spatially interpolating the lines of the selected fields of the first sequence to derive the lines of at least one of the fields of the second sequence.

4. The translator of claim 3 further comprising a video source for outputting the first sequence of fields, time code data and sync pulses, wherein the means for determining and for selecting comprises:

means for converting the video signal to a digitized video field signal;

means for receiving the digitized video field signal and sequentially storing fields from the first sequence;

means for storing edit information indicative of discontinuities in the fields in the first sequence;

an interpreter receiving the time code and sync pulses and being connected to the means for storing edit information for detecting the presence of discontinuities in the fields from the first sequence and outputting a motion adaptive signal indicative thereof; and

means for receiving the motion adaptive signal and controlling selection based on the motion adaptive signal.

5. The translator of claim 4 wherein the means for receiving and controlling comprises a programmable read-only memory.

6. The translator of claim 4 wherein the interpreter comprises a cadence counter for determining a cadence count, and the means for determining and for selecting further comprises:

a sync counter for receiving and counting the sync pulses to determine a number of elapsed fields of the first sequence;

a calculator for receiving the cadence count and calculating an offset signal representing a difference between the number of elapsed fields and the cadence count; and

wherein the means for receiving and controlling also receives the number of fields and the offset signal for selecting fields from the means for receiving and sequentially storing on a further basis of the offset signal and the number of elapsed fields.

7. The translator of claim 6 wherein the means for receiving and controlling comprises a programmable read-only memory.

8. The translator claim 3 further comprising a video source for outputting the first sequence of fields, time code data and sync pulses, wherein the means for determining and for selecting comprises:

means for converting the video signal to a digitized video field signal;

means for receiving the digitized video field signal and sequentially storing fields from the first sequence;

a sync counter for receiving and counting the sync pulses to determine a number of elapsed fields of the first sequence;

a motion detector for receiving the time code data, sync pulses and digitized video field signal and detecting the presence of edited fields and assigning fields a cadence number;

a calculator for receiving the cadence number and the number of elapsed fields and calculating an offset signal representing a difference between the number of elapsed fields and the cadence count; and

means for receiving the number of elapsed fields, the offset signal, a frame/field output of the motion detector and a motion adaptive output of the motion detector, and for designating the fields to be selected from the fields stored in the means for receiving and sequentially storing.

9. The translator of claim 8 wherein the means for receiving and controlling comprises a programmable read-only memory.

10. The translator of claim 8 further comprising means for delaying the digitized video field signal prior to the means for receiving and sequentially storing.

11. The translator of claim 3 further comprising a video source for outputting the first sequence of fields, time code data and sync pulses, wherein the means for determining and for selecting comprises an analog to digital converter for receiving the first sequence of fields and generating digitized video fields, a processor for receiving the time code data and sync pulses from the source, and a series of memories each for receiving an individual one of the digitized video fields under the control of the processor, a selector for accessing the digitized video fields stored in the series of memories under the control of the processor and for outputting the selected fields to the means for interpolating.

12. The translator of claim 11 wherein the means for determining and for selecting further comprises a motion detector for receiving the digitized video images and outputting data indicative of discontinuities to the processor, and means for delaying the digitized video fields prior to receipt by the series of memories.

13. The translator of claim 11 wherein the means for determining and for selecting further comprises a database containing data indicative of each position of edits in the first sequence of fields, the database being connected to the processor.

14. The translator for conveying between first and second video image formats where, in the first video image format, there is a series of video fields in first groups, the first groups having different numbers of the fields and the fields of each first group representing a portion of the lines of a single image at a single point in time in a series of the images, the translator comprising:

means for selecting the field group comprising at least one field from the same field group from each of a series of the first field group;

means for spatially interpolating lines represented in the same group of each of a series of said field groups to form interpolated lines; and

means for forming a series of second field groups representing lines, the lines represented in each such second field group representing lines obtained by the means for spatially interpolating from the same field group.

15. The translator of claim 14 wherein there is an edit in the series of video fields at which there is a series of further fields which are not from the same first field group, wherein the means for spatially interpolating interpolates lines only from one of the further fields to form interpolated lines, and wherein the means for forming forms a group of fields in the series of second field groups representing lines obtained from the one further field.

16. The translator of claim 14 wherein there is an edit in the series of video fields at which there is an individual field which is not from the same field group as a field adjacent thereto in the series of video images, and wherein the means for spatially interpolating interpolates lines only from the individual field to form interpolated lines, and the means for forming forms a second field group in the series of second field groups representing lines obtained by the means for interpolating from only the individual field group.

17. The translator of claim 16 further comprising means for sequentially storing representations of a plurality of the fields of the first field groups in the series in a memory, and wherein the means for selecting a field group selects representation of fields from such memory.

18. A translator for converting between first and second video image formats where, in the first video image format, there is a series of video fields arranged into first groups of such fields, the first groups having different numbers of the fields and the fields of each first group each representing a portion of the lines of a single image at a single point in time in a series of the images, the number of fields making up the series of first groups repeating in a pattern, a unique cadence number being assigned to each field so as to indicate fields in each repeated pattern, the translator comprising:

means for receiving the series of video fields;

means for providing an indication of the cadence number for each said received field in each said repeated pattern;

means for using the cadence numbers for selecting fields from each of a series of such first groups which represent one of the single images; and

means for forming a representation of the single image for each of a series of the first group from the selected fields from such groups.

19. The translator of claim 18 wherein the means for providing an indication of the cadence number comprises one of a motion detector and a database interpreter together with a database containing date indicative of the location of edited fields in the series of video fields, the means for selecting fields comprises a memory, and the means for forming comprises a spatial interpolator.

20. The translator of claim 19 wherein the memory comprises a programmable read-only memory.

21. The translator of claim 19 wherein the spatial interpolator comprises an interpolator control receiving the selected fields, a series of field memories for storing the selected fields in sequence, a line selector for selecting fields from the field memories, a line processor for receiving the fields selected from the field memories and interpolating lines therefrom to output interpolated data signals with a number of lines according to the second video image format which is different from a number of lines making up fields according to the first video image format, a field selector for receiving the interpolated data signals and outputting every other line in one field and the remaining lines in another field according to the second video image format.

22. The translator of claim 21 wherein the memory outputs a control signal to the interpolator for determining an interpolation algorithm to be applied by the interpolator.

23. The transistor of claim 22 wherein the memory comprises a programmable read-only memory.

24. The translator of claim 22 further comprising a clock for outputting to the interpolator at a frequency indicative of the second video image format, and the means for interpolating further comprising a counter for receiving the output of the clock and counting fields to determine a field count according to the second video image format and wherein the field selector receives the field count.

25. A translator for creating, from a first sequence of fields, a second sequence of fields, where each sequence of fields represents the same series of images of a motion picture, each image being at a single point in time of the motion picture, the first sequence comprising a plurality of groups of plural fields where each group represents a different single one of said images, each field of the first sequence comprising a first number of lines per field and each field of the second sequence comprising a second number of lines per field, the translator comprising:

means for determining which of the fields in the first sequence belong in the same said group representing a single image and for selecting such fields from the first sequence that are determined to be in the same group of fields representing a single image; and

means for deriving from each of the selected fields a different group of the fields in the second sequence each group of fields in the second sequence representing the same single image as the group of fields from which it is derived.

26. The translator of claim 25 wherein the means for deriving derives the groups of fields in the second sequence such that the second number of lines per field is different from the first number of lines per field.

27. The translator of claim 25 wherein the means for deriving comprises means for deriving each of at least some of the groups of fields in the second sequence with a different number of fields in a group, as the groups from which each of the fields is derived.

28. The translator of claim 25 further comprising a video source for outputting the first sequence of fields, time code data and sync pulses, wherein the means for determining and for selecting comprises:

means for converting the video signal to a digitized video field signal;

means for receiving the digitized video field signal and sequentially storing fields from the first sequence;

means for storing edit information indicative of discontinuities in the fields in the first sequence;

an interpreter for receiving the time code and sync pulses and being connected to the means for storing edit information to detect the presence of discontinuities in the fields from the first sequence and for outputting a motion adaptive signal indicative thereof; and

means for receiving the motion adaptive signal and controlling selection based on the motion adaptive signal.

29. The translator of claim 28 wherein the interpreter comprises a cadence counter for determining a cadence count, and the means for determining and for selecting further comprises:

a sync counter for receiving and counting the sync pulses to determine a number of elapsed fields of the first sequence;

a calculator for receiving the cadence count and calculating an offset signal representing a difference between the number of elapsed fields and the cadence count; and

wherein the means for receiving and controlling also receives the number of fields and the offset signal for selecting fields from the means for receiving and sequentially storing on a further basis of the offset signal and the number of elapsed fields.

30. The translator of claim 29 wherein the means for receiving and controlling comprises a programmable read-only memory.

31. The translator of claim 25 further comprising a video source for outputting the first sequence of fields, time code data and sync pulses, wherein the means for determining and for selecting comprises:

means for converting the video signal to a digitized video field signal;

means for receiving the digitized video field signal and sequentially storing fields from the first sequence;

a sync counter for receiving and counting the sync pulses to determine a number of elapsed fields of the first sequence;

a motion detector for receiving the time code data, sync pulses and digitized video field signal and for detecting the presence of edited fields and assigning fields a cadence number;

a calculator for receiving the cadence number and the number of elapsed fields and calculating an offset signal representing a difference between the number of elapsed fields and the cadence count; and

means for receiving the number of elapsed fields, the offset signal, a frame/field output of the motion detector and a motion adaptive output of the motion detector, and for designating the fields to be selected from the fields stored in the means for receiving and sequentially storing.

32. The device of claim 31 further comprising means for delaying the digitized video field signal prior to the means for receiving and sequentially storing.

33. The translator of claim 31 wherein the means for receiving and controlling comprises a programmable read-only memory.

34. A translator for converting a series of groups of video fields, where the number of fields per group varies in the series and the fields in each group represent lines of a single image at a single point in time of a motion picture, the translator comprising:

means for supplying a series of groups of video fields; and

means for creating a representation of each single image in the series of the single images representing a motion picture, the representation of each single image being created from within substantially only the group of fields representing such single image.

35. The translator of claim 34 wherein the means for creating comprises means for interpolating lines represented within each group of fields to create each such single image in the series.

36. The device of claim 34 wherein the series of groups comprises a series of fields in a repeating pattern, with some of the groups having different numbers of fields than others of the groups, and the means for creating comprises means for selecting the same number of fields out of each group in the series of the groups to form the single image corresponding to each such group in the series.

37. A method for translation between first and second video image formats having first and second different numbers of lines, respectively, where, in the first video image format there is a series of video fields in the first groups, the first groups having alternating numbers of the fields of twos and threes, and each first group representing a single image at a single point in time in a series of the images, the method comprising the steps of:

dropping a field from each first group having three fields;

selecting a field group comprising two fields from the same field from each of a series of the first field groups;

forming the fields in each same field group in the series into a rebuilt video frame having the same number of lines as the first video image format;

spatially interpolating lines represented in each rebuilt video frame from interpolated lines having a second number of lines; and

forming a series of second field groups representing lines, each second field group having two fields having one-half the second number of lines, the lines represented in each such second field group representing lines obtained in the stp of spatially interpolating from each rebuilt video frame, respectively.