Oxygen enrichment of fuels

• US 5,117,800 A
• Filed: 10/01/1990
• Issued: 06/02/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/1988
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP Group Ltd.), University of Melbourne
• Original Assignee: The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP Group Ltd.), University of Melbourne
• Inventors: Milkins, Eric E., Rigby, Geoffrey R., Watson, Harry C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelli, Raymond A.
• Application Number:
  US07/555,401
• Time in Patent Office: 610 Days
• Field of Search: 123/575, 123/587, 123/1 A, 123/525, 123/585, 123/27 GE
• US Class Current: 123/575
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 1/04 with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 2075/125 Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 3/06 with compression ignition compression ignition engines using air or gas for blowing fuel into compressed air in cylinder F02B13/02
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 43/10 Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: F02M 25/12 the apparatus having means for generating such gases using rays and simultaneously generating ozone F02M27/06
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/30 Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

A method of operating a diesel or spark ignition engine which includes enriching the combustion air supply with oxygen while simultaneously adjusting the fuel injection or ignition timing of the engine to compensate for advanced combustion caused by an increased oxygen content in the conbustion air. Oxygen producing means such as an oxygen generating membrane can eliminate the requirement for, or significantly reduce the size of, an intercooler which is normally installed between a turbocharger and the air/fuel inlet of an engine. Oxygen enrichment of the combustion air permits combustion of otherwise unsuitable or difficult to combust fuels such as residual or heavy fuel oils, alcohol and alcohol blends, seed oil and blends of light gas oils and residual or heavy fuel oils.

Claims

1. A method of operating a diesel or spark ignition engine, comprising the steps of enriching the combustion air supply with oxygen while at the same time adjusting the fuel injection or ignition timing of the engine sufficiently to compensate for the earlier (and improved) combustion caused by the increased oxygen content in the combustion air.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of oxygen enrichment is achieved by passing part of the combustion air supply through an oxygen producing membrane.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said combustion air supply is turbocharged and said oxygen producing membrane is positioned at the air inlet to the compressor of the turbocharger.

4. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said combustion air supply is enriched with oxygen to between about 22% and 40%, preferably about 24% to 28%.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said engine is a high speed diesel engine supplied with standard quality diesel fuel.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein said engine is a high speed diesel engine supplied with fuel selected from residual or heavy fuel oils, alcohol and alcohol blends, seed oils, blends of light gas oil and residual or heavy fuel oils, and coal based fuels not otherwise suited for combustion in high speed diesel engines.

7. A system for improving fuel combustion comprising an air inlet leading to a turbocharger (3) having a compressor (4), oxygen producing means (6) connected to said compressor (4), and preferably to the inlet thereof, and to the air/fuel inlet (7) of an engine (1), characterized in that said oxygen producing means (6) replaces or significantly reduces the size of an intercooler normally installed between the turbocharger (3) and the air/fuel inlet (7) to the engine (1).

8. The system of claim 7, wherein said oxygen producing means (6) comprises an oxygen producing membrane.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said membrane is constructed to increase the oxygen concentration of the combustion air by between about 22% and 40%, preferably about 24% to 28%.

10. The system of claim 7 or 8, wherein said engine is a high speed diesel engine and said fuel is selected from residual or heavy fuel oils, alcohol and alcohol blends, seed oils, blends of light gas oil and residual or heavy fuel oils, and coal based fuels, otherwise unsuited for combustion in a high speed diesel engine.

11. A method of operating an engine comprising the step of enriching otherwise unsuitable or difficult to combust fuels with oxygen to such an extent as to increase the ability of the fuel to oxidise and therefore render it suitable for combustion in an engine otherwise unsuited for said fuels.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said engine is a high speed diesel engine and said fuel is selected from residual or heavy fuel oils, alcohol and alcohol blends, seed oils, blends of light gas oil and residual or heavy fuel oils, and coal based fuels, otherwise unsuited for combustion in a high speed diesel engine.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein said step of oxygen enrichment is achieved by means of an oxygen improving membrane connected to the inlet of a turbocharger fitted to a high speed diesel engine.