Color mapping system and method

• US 5,119,186 A
• Filed: 09/28/1989
• Issued: 06/02/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 09/28/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Edgar, Albert D., Deacon, John J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wieder, Kenneth A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BROWN, GLENN WARNER
• Application Number:
  US07/413,918
• Time in Patent Office: 978 Days
• Field of Search: 358/80, 358/433, 358/445, 358/81, 358/447, 358/460, 358/75, 358/78
• US Class Current: 358/524
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/001 Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour inpainting G06T5/77

Abstract

RGB components of pairs of adjacent pels of a captured digitized image are averaged. A perceived color palette is constructed, each color being comprised of functionally combined RGB components of two different input palette colors. An array is formed of continuous colors, each indexed to the perceived palette color to which its RGB components are closest and indicating the two input palette colors defining the respective perceived color. RGB components for each averaged pel pair and the array index are then used to locate the perceived color closest thereto and, the two input palette colors corresponding to the perceived color. These two input colors are then substituted in a display for those of the two averaged pels and the process repeated for all averaged pel pairs. In a preferred embodiment, the difference between the perceived and averaged colors is diffused to adjacent averaged pels. An image is thereby readily produced having substantially more perceived colors than those available in the input palette.

Claims

1. A method for use with an image display system for generating a color mapped image from a first image of pels each having a plurality of color components, comprising:

preselecting a plurality of groups of said first image of pels, said pels in each of said groups being proximal to each other;

averaging respective color components of said pels in each of said groups;

preselecting an input color palette comprised of a plurality of input colors;

defining a plurality of perceived colors each functionally related to a different combination of said input colors;

associating with each group of averaged pels one of said perceived colors having associated therewith one of said combination of input colors; and

generating a mapped image of said first image by substituting, for each pel of each of said groups, a pel having a different one of the color comprising said one combination of input colors.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein each said group of pels is a pair of pels.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said pair of pels are adjacent.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said different combinations of input colors comprise two input colors.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein each of said input colors is defined by a combination of input color components;

and wherein each combination of said input colors is comprised of an average of said input color components of each said input color.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein each of said plurality of perceived colors defines corresponding color components;

and wherein the step of associating one of said perceived colors with each group of averaged pels comprises selecting said perceived color for each group having said corresponding color components most closely approximating the averaged color components of said group.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein each of said perceived colors is defined by perceived color components and each said group of averaged pels is defined by averaged color components;

and wherein said step of associating with each said group of averaged pels one of said perceived colors further comprises

associating one of said perceived colors with one said group of averaged pels; and

diffusing error defined by a difference between said perceived color components of the one perceived color and said averaged color components of said one group of averaged pels to a next group of averaged pels.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said diffusing error occurs prior to associating one of said perceived colors with said next group of averaged pels.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said next one of said groups is adjacent said one of said groups.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein each said perceived color is defined by a combination of perceived color components and wherein each of said input colors is defined by input color components;

and wherein for each perceived color the respective said combination of perceived color components differs from associating one of said perceived colors with each group of averaged pels comprises selecting said perceived color for each group having said corresponding color components most clearly approximating the averaged color components of said group.

11. A system for use with an image display system for generating a color mapped image from a first image of pels each having a plurality of color components, comprising

means for preselecting a plurality of groups of said first image pels, said pels in each said group being proximal to each other;

means for averaging respective color components of said pels in said group for each of said groups;

means for preselecting an input color palette comprised of a plurality of input colors;

means for defining a plurality of perceived colors each functionally related to a different combination of said input colors;

means for associating with each said group of averaged pels one of said perceived colors; and

means for generating a mapped image of said first image by substituting, for each pel of each said group, pels of said one of said perceived colors.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein each said group of pels is a pair of pels.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein each pair of pels are adjacent.

14. The system of claim 11 wherein said different combinations of input colors comprise two input colors.

15. The system of claim 11 wherein each of said plurality of perceived colors defines corresponding color components;

and wherein said step of associating one of said perceived colors with each said group of averaged pels comprises selecting said perceived color for each said group having said corresponding color components most closely approximating said averaged color components of said group.

16. A system for generating a mapped image from a plurality of input colors defining an input palette and a perceived palette, comprising

means for storing a first original image;

means for averaging color components of subcombinations of pels comprising said first image to define a plurality of averaged pel subcombinations each having an associated averaged color;

means for storing an array of entries each corresponding to

a different subcombination of the input palette colors defining a correspondingly different color of said perceived palette;

means for selecting, from said means for storing an array, for each of said averaged pel subcombinations, the perceived palette color most closely approximating said associated averaged color and said input palette colors defining said selected perceived palette color; and

means for storing a mapped image comprised of said input palette colors defining said selected perceived palette color for each of said averaged pel subcombinations.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein each of said subcombinations comprise pairs of pels of said first image.

18. The system of claim 17 wherein said pels of said pairs are adjacent.

19. The system of claim 16 including display means for displaying said mapped image wherein each of said plurality of averaged pel subcombinations is replaced with a corresponding plurality of pels having said input palette colors defining said selected perceived palette color for each of the said averaged pel subcombinations.

20. A method for color mapping a digital original first image comprised of a plurality of pels each with corresponding R, G, B components, comprising the steps of

generating a digital representation of a second image comprised of averaged pels each having R, G, B components corresponding to an average of R, G, B components of adjacent pels of said first image;

preselecting an input color palette comprised of a plurality of input colors each defined by respective input color R, G, B components;

generating a perceived color palette comprised of a plurality of perceived colors each defined by a functional combination of the input color R, G, B components of a different combination of said input colors;

generating an array having a plurality of entries each comprised of R, G, B components corresponding to a different color from a continuous color spectrum and an associated indicator indexing to one of said perceived colors having functional combination of R, G, B components which most closely approximates said R, G, B components of said different color from said continuous spectrum, said indicator further indexing to said different combination of said input colors which defines one of said perceived colors;

generating a stored mapped image comprising the steps of

selecting for one of said averaged pels an entry in said array corresponding to one of said perceived colors having R, G, B components most closely approximating those of said averaged pel;

detecting from said entry said different combination of input colors defining the selected perceived color corresponding to said averaged pels;

substituting for said averaged pels said different combination of input colors;

storing digitally encoded representations of these said substituted input colors;

repeating the immediately preceding four steps of selecting, detecting, substituting and storing for each said averaged pels;

displaying said stored mapped image.

21. A method for approximating a desired output signal from a system having different magnitudes of input quantization states and a predefined frequency response, comprising:

generating an approximated output signal as a function of a combination of a selected plurality of said input quantization states, the selected states defining different magnitudes and each selected state being selected independent of the magnitude of the proximity of said selected state to the output signal.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein the selected quantized states are selected as a function of their respective magnitudes to minimize the number of said selected quantized states generating said approximated output signal.

23. The method of claim 21 wherein said output signal is an imaging signal.