Fluid crystal device
First Claim
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1. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.05 to 20 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content per 1 wt. part of the total second liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition forming a grandjean texture in the cholesteric phase and being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an inorganic or organic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other.
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Abstract
A liquid crystal device having a pair of base plates and a liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates. The liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal showing at least a chiral smectic phase and a liquid crystal showing at least a cholesteric phase. At least one of the pair of base plates has a face which has been provided with a function of preferentially orienting the axes of the liquid crystal molecules contacting the face in one direction.
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Citations
69 Claims
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1. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.05 to 20 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content per 1 wt. part of the total second liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition forming a grandjean texture in the cholesteric phase and being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an inorganic or organic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.05 to 20 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content per 1 wt. part of the total second liquid crystal content;
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15. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal showing at least chiral smectic phase and not cholesteric phase, and a second liquid crystal showing at least cholesteric phase and not chiral smectic phase in a proportion of 0.5 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an organic of inorganic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal showing at least chiral smectic phase and not cholesteric phase, and a second liquid crystal showing at least cholesteric phase and not chiral smectic phase in a proportion of 0.5 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
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31. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.1 to 50 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content per 1 wt. part of the total second liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an organic or inorganic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.1 to 50 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content per 1 wt. part of the total second liquid crystal content;
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44. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and crystalline phase, or of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and crystalline phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an organic or inorganic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and crystalline phase, or of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and crystalline phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
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57. A liquid crystal device comprising a pair of base plates and a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition interposed between the pair of base plates;
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and crystalline phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.1 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
said liquid crystal composition being disposed in a layer thin enough to release the helical structure inherent to the chiral smectic phase in the absence of an electric field;
a face of each of said base plates being provided with an organic or inorganic insulating film having a rubbing or oblique vapor deposition uniaxial orientation treatment defining orientation axes, said orientation axes being parallel to each other. - View Dependent Claims (58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69)
- said ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition exhibiting a phase transition through cholesteric phase and smectic A phase upon temperature decrease and comprising a first liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase and chiral smectic phase on temperature decrease, and a second liquid crystal causing successive phase transition of isotropic phase, cholesteric phase, smectic A phase and crystalline phase on temperature decrease in a proportion of 0.1 to 50 wt. parts of the total second liquid crystal content per 100 wt. parts of the total first liquid crystal content;
Specification