Resonant scanner control system

• US 5,121,138 A
• Filed: 05/22/1990
• Issued: 06/09/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 05/22/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: GSI Lumonics Corporation (Novanta Inc.)
• Original Assignee: General Scanning, Inc. (KOCH Industries Incorporated)
• Inventors: Schermer, Mack J., Dowd, Roger D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Reinhart, Mark J.
• Application Number:
  US07/527,131
• Time in Patent Office: 749 Days
• Field of Search: 346/108, 346/107 R, 346/160, 358/296, 358/300, 358/302
• US Class Current: 347/250
• CPC Class Codes: B41J 2/471 using dot sequential main scanning by means of a light deflector, e.g. a rotating polygonal mirror
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 15/1219 Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position, e.g. synchronisation G06K15/1223 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/047 Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position H04N1/0402 and H04N1/17 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/1135 for the main-scan only
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/02439 Positioning method
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/0471 using dedicated detectors
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04732 Detecting at infrequent intervals, e.g. once or twice per line for main-scan control
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04744 by detecting the scanned beam or a reference beam
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04777 using a voltage controlled oscillator H04N2201/04772 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04786 Controlling a start time, e.g. for output of a line of data H04N2201/04784 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04793 using stored control or compensation data, e.g. previously measured data
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/04794 Varying the control or compensation during the scan, e.g. using continuous feedback or from line to line

Abstract

A resonant scanner control system controls a laser source using a pixel clock which uses a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and a phase detector to track continuously throughout the entire scan cycle the pixel-to-pixel and cycle-to-cycle operations of the scanner. The clock includes a VCO which changes frequency in a linear manner in response to changes in a frequency-control voltage applied to it. The VCO includes a negative feedback loop which consists of a frequency-to-voltage converter, which converts the VCO output to a related voltage, and a summing/integrating circuit, which compares this voltage with the frequency-control voltage which is produced in response to pixel related control signals and then integrates the difference. The integrated signal drives the VCO, which produces in response an output signal whose frequency varies linearly with variations in the pixel-related frequency-control signal. Once during each scan cycle the phase detector detects any phase error between a pixel-clock-driven synchronization signal and a position-related synchronization signal, which is produced by an optical detector. If the two synchronization signals do not coincide, the phase detector sends an appropriate analog error signal to a multiplying reference port of a multiplying digital/analog converter (DAC) which produces the pixel related frequency-control signal. The DAC then adjusts its frequency-control signal in accordance with the error signal.

Claims

1. A control system for a laser printer which utilizes a resonant scanner, said system comprising:

A. a laser source for producing a pulsed laser beam, the laser beam printing dots on a printing medium surface;

B. a resonant scanner including an oscaillating mirror that directs the laser beam across the surface of the printing medium in order to expose successive pixel locations to the laser beam, each complete mirror oscillation corresponding to a scan cycle;

C. a controller for controlling the pulsing of the laser source in accordance with a selected image and in synchronism with a laser periodic pulse timing signal; and

D. synchronizing means for synchronizing the period of the laser pulse timing signal with the angular movement of the mirror, the synchronizing means continuously throughout the entire scan cycle adjusting the frequency of the laser pulse timing signal according to (i) changes in the angular velocity of the mirror and (ii) changes in the resonant frequency of the resonant scanner.

2. The control system of claim 1, wherein the synchronizing means includes:

A. a memory for storing mirror velocity information relating to the pixels in locations addressable by a pixel count;

B. counting means for generating memory addresses corresponding to selected pixel locations and supplying the addresses to the memory;

C. converting means connected to receive the information contained in an addressed memory location, the converting means generating a control voltage which corresponds to the information; and

D. voltage-controlled oscillating means connected to receive the control voltage, the oscillating means adjusting its frequency in accordance with the control voltage and supplying its output signal to (i) the controller as the laser pulse timing signal, and (ii) the counting means to synchronize the operations of the counting means to the angular movement of the mirror throughout the entire scan cycle.

3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the system further includes:

A. a phase error detector for detecting phase timing differences between a signal associated with a predetermined angular position of the mirror and a signal associated with a predetermined count of the counting means, the detector producing an analog error signal corresponding to the timing difference; and

D. a multiplying means included in the converting means, the multiplying means multiplying the control voltage by a factor which corresponds to the error signal so as to reduce the timing difference.

4. The control system of claim 2, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillating means includes:

A. a frequency-to-voltage converter for producing an output voltage which corresponds to the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillating means output signal; and

B. means for comparing the control voltage produced by the converting means and the frequency-to-voltage converter output voltage and producing a resulting error signal which corresponds to the difference;

the oscillating means using this signal as a frequency-control voltage and adjusting its output signal so as to produce an output signal at a frequency which is linearly related to the control voltage.

5. The control system of claim 4 wherein the comparing means includes an integrating means for integrating the difference to produce the resulting error signal, the resulting error signal varying linearly with the control voltage.

6. The control system of claim 3, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillating means includes:

A. a frequency-to-voltage converter for producing an output voltage which corresponds to the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillating means output signal; and

B. means for comparing the control voltage produced by the converting means and the frequency-to-voltage converter output voltage and producing a resulting error signal which corresponds to the difference;

the oscillating means using this signal as a frequency-control voltage and adjusting its output signal so as to produce an output signal at a frequency which is linearly related to the control voltage.

7. The control system of claim 6, wherein the comparing means includes an integrating means for integrating the difference to produce the resulting error signal, the resulting error signal varying linearly with the control voltage.

8. The control system of claim 4, wherein the system further includes a power control means for controlling the output power of the laser source, the power control means connected to receive the control signal produced by the converting means and produce in response thereto a power control signal which operates to control the output power of the laser in synchronism with the angular movement of the mirror.

9. The control system of claim 6, wherein the system further includes a power control means for controlling the output power of the laser source, the power control means connected to receive the control signal produced by the converting means and produce in response thereto a power control signal which operates to control the output power of the laser in synchronism with the angular movement of the mirror.

10. A control system for a laser printer which utilizes a resonant scanner, said system comprising:

A. a laser source for producing a pulsed laser beam, the laser beam printing dots on a printing medium surface;

B. a resonant scanner including an oscillating mirror that directs the laser beam across the surface of the printing medium in order to expose successive pixel locations to the laser beam, each complete mirror oscillation corresponding to a scan cycle;

C. a controller for controlling the pulsing of the laser source in accordance with a selected image and in synchronism with a periodic laser pulse timing signal;

D. synchronizing means for synchronizing the period of the laser pulse timing signal with the angular movement of the mirror, the synchronizing means adjusting the frequency of the laser pulse timing signal in response to changes in the angular velocity of the mirror and changes in the resonant frequency of the resonant scanner, the synchronizing means including;

i. a memory for storing mirror velocity information relating to the pixels in locations addressable by a pixel count;

ii. counting means for generating memory addresses corresponding to selected pixel locations and supplying the addresses to the memory;

iii. converting means connected to receive the information contained in an addressed memory location, the converting means generating a control voltage which corresponds to the information;

iv. voltage-controlled oscillating means connected to receive the control voltage, the oscillating means adjusting its frequency in accordance with the control voltage and supplying its output signal to (i) the controller as the laser pulse timing signal and (ii) the counting means to synchronize the operations of the counting means to the angular movement of the mirror;

v. a phase error detector for detecting timing differences between a signal associated with a predetermined angular position of the mirror and a signal associated with a predetermined count of the counting means, the detector producing an error signal corresponding to the timing difference; and

vi. multiplying means included in the converting means, the multiplying means multiplying the control voltage by a factor which corresponds to the error signal so as to reduce the timing difference.

11. The control system of claim 10, wherein the synchronization means operates continuously throughout the entire scan cycle to adjust the frequency of the laser pulse timing signal.

12. The control system of claim 11, wherein voltage-controlled oscillator includes:

A. a frequency-to-voltage converter for producing an output voltage which is associated with the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillating means output signal; and

B. means for comparing the multiplied control voltage and the frequency-to-voltage converter output voltage and producing a resulting error signal which corresponds to the difference;

the oscillating means using this signal as a frequency-control voltage and adjusting its output signal so as to produce an output signal at a frequency which is linearly related to the control voltage.

13. The control system of claim 12, wherein the comparing means includes an integrating means for integrating the difference to produce the resulting error signal, the resulting error signal varying linearly with the control voltage.

14. A control system for a laser printer which utilizes a resonant scanner, said system comprising:

A. a laser source for producing a pulse laser beam, the laser beam printing dots on a printing medium surface;

B. a resonant scanner including an oscillating mirror that directs the laser beam across the surface of the printing medium in order to expose successive pixel locations to the laser beam, each complete mirror oscillation corresponding to a scan cycle;

C. a controller for controlling the pulsing of the laser source in accordance with a selected image and in synchronism with a periodic laser pulse timing signal;

D. synchronizing means for synchronizing the period of the laser pulse timing signal with the angular movement of the mirror, the synchronizing means continuously throughout the entire scan cycle adjusting the frequency of the laser pulse timing signal according to changes in the angular velocity of the mirror and changes in the resonant frequency of the resonant scanner the synchronizing means including a voltage-controlled oscillating means connected to receive a pixel-related frequency-control voltage, the oscillating means adjusting its frequency in accordance with the frequency-control voltage and supplying its output signal to the controller as the laser pulse timing signal to synchronize the operations of the controller to the angular movement of the mirror, the voltage-controlled-oscillating means including;

i. a frequency-to-voltage converter for producing a voltage which is associated with the frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillating means output signal; and

ii. comparing means for comparing the output of the frequency-to-voltage converter and the frequency-control voltage and producing a resulting error signal which relates to the difference;

the oscillating means using the resulting error signal as the oscillator control voltage and adjusting its output signal so as to produce an output signal at a frequency which is linearly related to the control voltage.

15. The control system of claim 14, wherein the comparing means includes an integrating means for integrating the difference to produce the resulting error signal, the resulting error signal varying linearly with variations in the frequency-control voltage.

16. The control system of claim 15, the system further including:

E. a phase error detector for detecting timing differences between a signal associated with a predetermined angular position of the mirror and a signal associated with a predetermined count of the counting means, the detector producing an error signal corresponding to the timing difference; and

F. multiplying means for multiplying a pixel-related control voltage by a factor which corresponds to the error signal to produce the frequency-control voltage and supplying this voltage so as to reduce the timing difference.