Topography of CMOS microcomputer integrated circuit chip including core processor and memory, priority, and I/O interface circuitry coupled thereto

• US 5,123,107 A
• Filed: 06/20/1989
• Issued: 06/16/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 06/20/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: William D. Mensch Jr
• Original Assignee: William D. Mensch Jr
• Inventors: Mensch, William D. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee, Thomas C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pan, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US07/368,826
• Time in Patent Office: 1,092 Days
• Field of Search: 341/120, 235/456, 364/200, 364/900
• US Class Current: 716/125
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 15/7814 Specially adapted for real time processing, e.g. comprising hardware timers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

The topography of a CMOS microcomputer chip includes first, second, third, and fourth consecutive edges, with chip control logic being located along the upper left edge. Five peripheral I/O port buffer circuits are located around the edge of the periphery of the chip, except for an eight bit peripheral output port located along the lower right edge and multiplexed with chip select outputs. The microcomputer includes an eight bit W65CO2S CMOS microprocessor, 192 bytes of SRAM, 4096 bytes of SROM, 22 edge interrupt inputs, 3 level-sensitive interrupt inputs, a UART, serial interface buffer for effectuating correction to a local area token passing network, four timers, and priority interrupt control circuitry. The topography is arranged to provide convenient connection of terminals of the microcomputer when it is used as a "core" of a larger computer system chip including an external memory system, a serial communication system, and an interrupt and I/O system. Static bus holding devices are connected to the memories on which I/O terminals are connected, and allow the microprocessor to interpret trinary logic states presented to the I/O port leads by external devices.

Claims

1. A CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer including first, second, third, and fourth successive edges, the microcomputer comprising in combination:

(a) a microprocessor including (i) address output buffer means located along a lower left edge and a bottom edge of the microprocessor, (ii) data bus buffer means located along a right edge of the microprocessor, and (iii) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along an upper edge of the microprocessor;

(b) a plurality of low order address buffer circuits located along a lower part of the first edge, adjacent to the address output buffer means of the microprocessor;

(c) a plurality of high order address buffer circuits located along a left part of the second edge, adjacent to the address buffer means of the microprocessor;

(d) chip selection output circuitry located along a right part of the second edge;

(e) a plurality of data bus buffer circuits located along a lower part of the third edge;

(f) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along an upper part of the third edge;

(g) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along a right part of the fourth edge;

(h) a first memory circuit located between the data bus buffer circuits and the microprocessor above the chip select output circuit means;

(i) a second memory circuit located directly above and adjacent to the microprocessor;

(j) a first group of interface circuits disposed between the fourth edge and the second memory circuit;

(k) a plurality of I/O interface circuits various ones of which are located along the fist, second, third, and fourth edges among the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits, respectively, various ones of the I/O interface circuits being multiplexed with a plurality of external terminals of the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits, respectively; and

(l) chip control circuit means located along an upper part of the first edge for operatively coupling the microprocessor to the first and second memory circuits, the first group of interface circuits, the chip selection output circuitry, the high and low order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, and the I/O interface circuits.

2. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 1 wherein the first memory is a read only memory and the second memory is a random access memory.

3. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 2 wherein the first group of interface circuits includes a UART.

(f) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along an upper part of the third edge;

(g) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along a right part of the fourth edge;

(h) a first memory circuit located between the data bus buffer circuits and the microprocessor above the chip select output circuit means;

(i) a second memory located directly above and adjacent to the microprocessor;

(j) a first group of interface circuits disposed between the fourth edge and the second memory;

(k) a plurality of I/O interface circuits located along the first, second, third, and fourth edges among the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits, and multiplexed with a plurality of external terminals, respectively, of the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits;

4. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 3 including a second group of interface circuits disposed between an upper part of the third edge and the first group of interface circuits, wherein the second group of interface circuits includes a plurality of timers located adjacent to the I/O interface circuits and interrupt circuits that are disposed along the upper part of the third edge.

5. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 4 wherein the chip selection circuit means includes a plurality of decoded chip select outputs and memory map decoding means for decoding an internal address bus connected to address terminals of the microprocessor, in order to produce a plurality of individual chip select output signals for selecting predefined-size blocks of memory space.

6. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 5 including a plurality of peripheral output circuits located adjacent tot eh second edge with the chip selection output circuitry.

7. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 1 wherein each of the I/O interface circuits has an I/O terminal, and a plurality of static bus holding circuits each having an input and an output both connected to a respective I/O terminal, each bus holding circuit including first and second CMOS inverters, an input of the first CMOS inverter and an output of the second CMOS inverter being connected to the same I/O terminal, an output of the first CMOS inverter being connected to an input of the second CMOS inverter.

8. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 1 including a plurality of bonding pads arranged in the order RES (reset), WE (write enable), RUN/SYNC, FCLKO (fast clock output), FCLK (fast clock), BE/RDY (bus enable/ready), CLK (slow clock), CLKO (slow clock output), PHI2 (clock output), P00/A00, P01/AI, P02/A2, P03/A3, P04/A4, P05/A5, P06/A6, P07/A7, V_SS, P10/A8, P11/A9, P12/A10, P13/A11, P14/A12, P15/A13, P16/A14, P17/A15, VDD, P30/CS0, P31/CS1, P32/CS2, P33/CS3, P34/CS4, P35/CS5, P36/CS6, P37/CS7, P20/D0, P21/D1, P22/D2, P23/D3, P24/D4, P25/D5, P26/D6, P27/D7, V_SS, P40/NMI, p41/IRQl, P42/IRQ2, P43, P44/PE44, P45/PE45, P46/NE46, P47/NE47, P50/PE50, PE51/PE51, PE52/NE52, P53/NE53, P54/PE54, P55/PE55, P56/PE56, P57/NE57, P60/RXD/TIN, P61/TXD/TOUT, P62, P63, P64/SCLK, P65/SDAT, P66/CHIN, P67/CHOUT.

9. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 1 including:

a fast clock oscillator having a programmed stop input and a fast clock output;

a slow clock oscillator having a slow clock output;

a synchronizing circuit means having a first input connected to the fast clock output of the fast clock oscillator circuit and a second input connected to the slow clock output of the slow clock oscillator, a clock select input, and a clock enable output conductor for producing a clock enable signal on the clock enable output conductor, the clock enable signal being synchronized with the fast clock signal produced by the fast clock oscillator circuit if the clock select input is at a first logic level, the clock enable signal having the same frequency as and being synchronized with the slow clock signal produced by the slow clock oscillator if the clock select signal is at a second logic level;

gating circuit means coupled to the fast clock output of the fast clock oscillator and the slow clock output of the slow clock oscillator for producing a selectable speed clock signal that has the same frequency as and in synchronized with the fast clock signal produced by he fast clock oscillator circuit if a clock select signal on the clock select input is at the first logic level and has the same frequency as and is synchronized with the slow clock signal produced by the slow clock oscillator if the clock select signal is at the second logic level.

10. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 9 wherein the synchronizing circuit includes four gated latch circuits connected in series to allow an internal signal propagation in response to the fast clock signal to undergo enough transitions to occupy one time interval at least equal to the width of a pulse of the slow clock signal.

11. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer of claim 3 wherein the UART includes a transmitter circuit enabled by a first bit of a control and status register and a receiver circuit enabled by a second bit of the control and status register.

12. The CMOS integrated circuit of claim 1 including a plurality of bus holding circuits, each bus holding circuit including a binary latch circuit having two states and having a high output impedance in either state, each latch having both an input terminal and an output terminal connected to one of the external terminals, respectively, of the I/O interface circuits.

13. A CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer system, comprising in combination:

(1) a microcomputer including first, second, third, and fourth successive edges, the microcomputer including

(a) a microprocessor, the microprocessor including (i) address output buffer means located along a lower left edge of the microprocessor and a bottom edge of the microprocessor, (ii) data bus buffer means located along a right edge of the microprocessor, and (iii) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along an upper edge of the microprocessor;

(b) a plurality of low order address buffer circuits located along a lower part of the first edge of the microcomputer, adjacent to the address output buffer means of the microprocessor;

(c) a plurality of high order address buffer circuits located along a left part of the second edge of the microcomputer, adjacent to the address buffer means of the microprocessor;

(d) a plurality of data bus buffer circuits located along a lower part of the third edge of the microcomputer;

(e) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along an upper part of the third edge of the microcomputer;

(f) a plurality of interrupt circuits located along a right part of the fourth edge of the microcomputer;

(g) a first group of interface circuits disposed between the fourth edge of the microcomputer and the microprocessor;

(h) a plurality of I/O interface circuits various ones of which are located along the first, second, third, and fourth edges of the microcomputer among the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits, respectively, various ones of the I/O interface circuits being multiplexed with a plurality of external terminals of the low order and high order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, the interrupt circuits, and the first group of interface circuits, respectively;

(i) chip control circuit means located along an upper part of the first edge of the microcomputer for operatively coupling the microprocessor to the first group of interface circuits, the chip selection output circuitry, the high and low order address buffer circuits, the data bus buffer circuits, and the I/O interface circuits;

(2) an external memory system disposed along a lower portion of the first edge of the microcomputer, entirely along the second edge of the microcomputer, and along a lower portion of the third edge of the microcomputer; and

(3) an interrupt and I/O system disposed along the upper portion of the third edge of the microcomputer and the right portion of the fourth edge of the microcomputer, and coupled to the I/O and interrupt terminals of the microcomputer.

14. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer system of claim 13 further including a serial communication system disposed along a left portion of the fourth edge of the microcomputer and connected to terminals of the I/O interface circuits and terminals of the serial communication system.

15. The CMOS integrated circuit microcomputer system of claim 13 wherein the microcomputer includes chip selection output circuitry located along a right part of the second edge of the microcomputer, a first memory circuit located between the data bus buffer circuits and the microprocessor have the chip select output circuit means, and a second memory located directly above and adjacent to the microprocessor.