Process and apparatus for removal of H.sub.2 S with separate absorber and oxidizer and a reaction chamber therebetween
First Claim
1. In a continuous process for intimate contact of a liquid reagent sequentially with first and second different gases in separate vessels, the improvement comprising:
- introducing the first gas into a first mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer with the liquid reagent;
introducing liquid reagent from said first mass transfer vessel, after mass transfer with said first gas, into a reaction chamber;
introducing the second gas into a separate, second mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer with liquid reagent from the reaction chamber;
introducing liquid reagent from said second mass transfer vessel, after mass transfer with said second gas, into said reaction chamber for contact and mixing with liquid reagent from said first mass transfer vessel to form a reaction product in said reaction chamber;
recirculating a portion of the liquid reagent from the reaction chamber to the first mass transfer vessel, without intermediate mass transfer with said second gas, for further mass transfer with the first gas; and
continuously flowing, in a controlled flow, liquid reagent from said second mass transfer zone into the reaction chamber, where no substantial additional gas is introduced, to provide a residence time and intermixing of the liquid reagents from the first and second mass transfer vessels.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus including a reaction chamber interposed in a polyvalent metal redox solution flow path between an absorber chamber and an oxygenation chamber, including one or more oxygenation stages, for contact in the reaction chamber of H2 S-laden catalytic polyvalent metal redox solution form the absorber chamber with highly oxidized polyvalent metal redox solution from the last oxygenation stage to accomplish oxidation of the dissolved H2 S species by interaction with the oxidized redox catalyst essentially in the absence of gaseous dissolved oxygen. The highly oxidized polyvalent metal redox solution, including Fe+3 or V+5, contacts the H2 S-laden solution from the absorber chamber for reoxidation of the dissolved HS-, S= and any of the polyvalent metal sulfur compounds (presumably a chelated iron sulfide or a vanadium sulfide), to avoid formation of sulfate or thiosulfate salts which reduce the yeild of sulfur and build up in the solution. To avoid the formation of crystals of iron sulfide or crystals of vanadium sulfide, thereby avoiding loss of polyvalent metal, the residence time of the redox solution after contact with the H2 S-containing gas and prior to contacting with the oxidized metal redox solution is limited to a relatively short time. Flow of solution from the last oxygenation stage, preferably through a valve or other circulation control device, to the reaction chamber provides controlled and continuous elemental sulfur formation in the reaction chamber.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. In a continuous process for intimate contact of a liquid reagent sequentially with first and second different gases in separate vessels, the improvement comprising:
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introducing the first gas into a first mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer with the liquid reagent; introducing liquid reagent from said first mass transfer vessel, after mass transfer with said first gas, into a reaction chamber; introducing the second gas into a separate, second mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer with liquid reagent from the reaction chamber; introducing liquid reagent from said second mass transfer vessel, after mass transfer with said second gas, into said reaction chamber for contact and mixing with liquid reagent from said first mass transfer vessel to form a reaction product in said reaction chamber; recirculating a portion of the liquid reagent from the reaction chamber to the first mass transfer vessel, without intermediate mass transfer with said second gas, for further mass transfer with the first gas; and continuously flowing, in a controlled flow, liquid reagent from said second mass transfer zone into the reaction chamber, where no substantial additional gas is introduced, to provide a residence time and intermixing of the liquid reagents from the first and second mass transfer vessels. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of contacting a liquid reagent with different gases sequentially in separate mass transfer vessels, said mass transfer vessels operatively connected in liquid communication with each other comprising:
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intimately contacting the liquid reagent with a process gas in a first mass transfer vessel, to effect mass transfer between said liquid reagent and said process gas, thereby forming a treated gas and a less active liquid reagent; introducing the less active liquid reagent into a reaction chamber, said reaction chamber in fluid communication with said second mass transfer vessel; flowing a portion of the less active liquid reagent from the reaction chamber to the second mass transfer vessel and flowing the remainder of the less active liquid reagent to the first mass transfer vessel; introducing a second gas, different from said process gas, into said second mass transfer vessel in contact with less active liquid reagent, thereby effecting mass transfer between said less active liquid reagent and said second gas to form a more active liquid reagent; and controlling the rate of flow of said more active liquid reagent from said second mass transfer vessel to the reaction chamber to control the amount of mass transfer in said second mass transfer vessel. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16)
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17. A continuous process for intimate contact of a liquid reagent sequentially with first and second different gases in first and second separate mass transfer vessels, said second mass transfer vessel including a second mass transfer zone including one or more mass transfer stages serially arranged with an upper portion of one mass transfer stage in liquid communication with a lower portion of a succeeding mass transfer stage and a reaction chamber in liquid communication with said second mass transfer zone;
- said reaction chamber being in liquid flow communication with liquid reagent in the second transfer zone, such that liquid reagent introduced into the reaction chamber flows into the second mass transfer zone, for intimate contact with the second gas and flowing out of the second mass transfer zone through a liquid reagent outlet near an upper portion of said second mass transfer zone;
introducing the first gas into a first mass transfer vessel, in liquid communication with the second mass transfer vessel, for intimate contact and mass transfer with said liquid reagent;
introducing the second gas into said second mass transfer zone for intimate contact and mass transfer with said liquid reagent after said liquid reagent has been intimately contacted and mass transferred with the first gas in the first mass transfer vessel;controlling the flow rate of said liquid reagent from said second mass transfer zone to said reaction chamber to effect continuous circulation of liquid reagent from the second mass transfer zone to the reaction chamber; and continuously flowing a portion of the liquid reagent from said second mass transfer zone into the reaction chamber and continuously flowing a portion of the liquid reagent from the reaction chamber into the second mass transfer zone, while flowing liquid reagent from the first mass transfer vessel to the reaction chamber and a portion of the liquid reagent from the second mass transfer vessel into the first mass transfer vessel for continuous recirculation of liquid and sequential intimate contact of said liquid reagent with said two gases. - View Dependent Claims (18)
- said reaction chamber being in liquid flow communication with liquid reagent in the second transfer zone, such that liquid reagent introduced into the reaction chamber flows into the second mass transfer zone, for intimate contact with the second gas and flowing out of the second mass transfer zone through a liquid reagent outlet near an upper portion of said second mass transfer zone;
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19. Apparatus for effecting mass transfer of a liquid reagent sequentially with two different gases in a separate mass transfer vessel for each gas, comprising:
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a first mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer between the liquid reagent and a first gas; means for directing the liquid reagent and the first gas into the first mass transfer vessel to form a treated gas and a reacted liquid reagent; a second mass transfer vessel including a plurality of mass transfer stages serially arranged with an upper end of one mass transfer stage in liquid communication with a lower end of a succeeding mass transfer stage through an intermediate flow channel wherein essentially no additional gas is dispersed in the liquid within the intermediate flow channel, and an integral reaction chamber, wherein essentially no additional gas is dispersed, in liquid communication with a first mass transfer stage; means for directing the reacted liquid reagent from the first mass transfer vessel into the reaction chamber; means for directing a portion of the liquid reagent from an upper portion of the reaction chamber into a lower portion of the first mass transfer stage of the second mass transfer vessel; means for directing a second gas into each mass transfer stage of the second mass transfer vessel for intimate contact and mass transfer with the liquid reagent, said stages of said second mass transfer vessel disposed in a single mass transfer vessel including baffles separating the mass transfer stages, defining said intermediate flow channels, to prevent gas from the mass transfer stages of the second mass transfer vessel from contacting liquid reagent in the reaction chamber; and means operatively connected between the second mass transfer vessel and the reaction chamber thereof for controlling the flow rate of liquid reagent in the second mass transfer vessel between a last mass transfer stage and the reaction chamber, while maintaining continuous flow of liquid reagent between the first mass transfer vessel, reaction chamber, and the mass transfer stages of the second mass transfer vessel. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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Specification