Process for regulating an artificial ventilation device and such device
First Claim
1. An artificial ventilation device for a patient on a ventilatory cycle comprising inspiration and expiration, said ventilation device comprising:
- closed loop control means for automatically changing said ventilation device to one of three modes of ventilation, a first mode comprising spontaneous ventilation, wherein a patient on said ventilation device completely controls ventilation and achieves an optimum minute volume value, a second mode comprising assisted ventilation, wherein a patient receives assistance from said ventilation device so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, and a third mode comprising totally controlled ventilation, wherein said ventilation device controls a plurality of breathing parameters so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, said optimum minute volume value being a theoretically satisfactory value set by an operator of said ventilation device as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous breathing;
piping means for piping a gaseous fluid to the patient, said piping means comprising entering means for entering breathing parameter reference settings suitable for fixing said optimum minute volume value, said reference settings comprising a respiratory rate and a minimum tidal volume, said reference settings fixing said optimum minute volume value by means of an equation Vmnopt=RR×
VTtot, whereby Vmnopt is the optimum minute volume value, RR is the respiratory rate, and VTtot is the sum of the patient'"'"'s spontaneous tidal volume VTpat and a tidal volume which is delivered by said ventilation device VTmach, i.e. the total tidal volume, said closed loop control means controlling the total tidal volume value VTtot delivered to the patient;
and means for monitoring said total tidal volume delivered to the patient in each cycle, said closed loop control means checking the equation by means of said monitoring means and said reference settings to determine whether the patient is achieving said optimum minute volume value, thereby determining the proper mode of ventilation for the patient, from among said first mode, wherein VTmach=0, said second mode, wherein both VTmach≠
0 and VTpat≠
0, and said third mode, wherein VTpat=0, and configuring the ventilation device into the proper mode of ventilation.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The invention concerns a process for regulating a respiratory apparatus and the respiratory apparatus itself. The apparatus permits a succession of respiratory cycles depending on patient requirements, such as frequency FR (or respiratory rate RR). The succession of respiratory cycles consists of an inspiration phase, during which the patient is supplied with a current tidal volume (VT) of respirable gaseous fluid, and an expiration phase. The patient has his/her own natural spontaneous respiration, and the pressure in the patient'"'"'s respiratory passages is defined as Paw. According to the the process, a theoretical respiration volume per minute value, called Vmn optical, is established as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous respiration. Other values are also set or calculated. A minimum current tidal volume (VTmin) and a maximum allowable airway passage pressure, Paw max, are established. The total current tidal volume VT supplied to the patient during each respiratory cycle is monitored, and the artificial respiration is controlled to be within the set values VTmin and Paw max, and to satisfy the relation Vmn optimal=FR×VT in order to vary automatically the artificial respiration from spontaneous breathing to controlled breathing, or vice versa, as a function of the patient'"'"'s natural spontaneous respiration.
132 Citations
16 Claims
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1. An artificial ventilation device for a patient on a ventilatory cycle comprising inspiration and expiration, said ventilation device comprising:
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closed loop control means for automatically changing said ventilation device to one of three modes of ventilation, a first mode comprising spontaneous ventilation, wherein a patient on said ventilation device completely controls ventilation and achieves an optimum minute volume value, a second mode comprising assisted ventilation, wherein a patient receives assistance from said ventilation device so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, and a third mode comprising totally controlled ventilation, wherein said ventilation device controls a plurality of breathing parameters so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, said optimum minute volume value being a theoretically satisfactory value set by an operator of said ventilation device as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous breathing; piping means for piping a gaseous fluid to the patient, said piping means comprising entering means for entering breathing parameter reference settings suitable for fixing said optimum minute volume value, said reference settings comprising a respiratory rate and a minimum tidal volume, said reference settings fixing said optimum minute volume value by means of an equation Vmnopt=RR×
VTtot, whereby Vmnopt is the optimum minute volume value, RR is the respiratory rate, and VTtot is the sum of the patient'"'"'s spontaneous tidal volume VTpat and a tidal volume which is delivered by said ventilation device VTmach, i.e. the total tidal volume, said closed loop control means controlling the total tidal volume value VTtot delivered to the patient;and means for monitoring said total tidal volume delivered to the patient in each cycle, said closed loop control means checking the equation by means of said monitoring means and said reference settings to determine whether the patient is achieving said optimum minute volume value, thereby determining the proper mode of ventilation for the patient, from among said first mode, wherein VTmach=0, said second mode, wherein both VTmach≠
0 and VTpat≠
0, and said third mode, wherein VTpat=0, and configuring the ventilation device into the proper mode of ventilation. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for providing artificial ventilation to a patient on a ventilatory cycle comprising inspiration and expiration, said method comprising:
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automatically choosing between three modes of ventilation, a first mode comprising spontaneous ventilation, wherein a patient on said ventilation device completely controls ventilation and achieves an optimum minute volume value, a second mode comprising assisted ventilation, wherein a patient receives assistance from said ventilation device so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, and a third mode comprising totally controlled ventilation, wherein said ventilation device controls a plurality of breathing parameters so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, said optimum minute volume value being a theoretically satisfactory value set by an operator as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous breathing; piping a gaseous fluid to the patient; entering breathing parameter reference settings suitable for fixing said optimum minute volume value, said reference settings comprising a respiratory rate and a minimum total volume, said reference settings fixing said optimum minute volume value by means of an equation Vmnopt=RR×
VTtot, whereby Vmnopt is the optimum minute volume value, RR is the respiratory rate, and VTtot is the sum of the patient'"'"'s spontaneous tidal volume VTpat and a tidal volume which is delivered by said ventilation device VTmach, i.e. the total tidal volume;controlling the total tidal volume value VTtot delivered to the patient; monitoring said total tidal volume delivered to the patient in each cycle; checking the equation in view of the monitored total tidal volume and said reference settings to determine whether the patient is achieving said optimum minute volume value; determining the proper mode of ventilation for the patient, among said first mode, wherein VTmach=0, said second mode, wherein both VTmach≠
0 and VTpat≠
0, and said third mode, wherein VTpat=0;and configuring the ventilation mode into the proper mode of ventilation. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. An artificial ventilation device for a patient on a ventilatory cycle comprising inspiration and expiration, said ventilation device comprising:
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closed loop control means for automatically changing said ventilation device to one of a plurality of modes of ventilation, said plurality of modes including a first mode, comprising a spontaneous ventilation mode wherein a patient on said ventilation device completely controls ventilation and achieves an optimum minute volume value, and a second mode comprising a totally controlled ventilation mode wherein said ventilation device controls a plurality of breathing parameters so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value; said optimum minute volume value being a theoretically satisfactory value set by an operator of said ventilation device as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous breathing; piping means for piping a gaseous fluid to the patient, said piping means comprising entering means for entering breathing parameter reference settings suitable for fixing said optimum minute volume value, said reference settings comprising a respiratory rate and a magnum tidal volume, said reference settings fixing said optimum minimum volume value by means of an equation Vmnopt=RR×
VTtot, whereby Vmnopt is the optimum minute volume value, RR is the respiratory rate, and VTtot is the sum of the patient'"'"'s spontaneous tidal volume VTpat and a tidal volume which is delivered by said ventilation device VTmach, i.e. the total tidal volume;said plurality of modes being determined by the values of VTmach and VTpat, respectively; said closed control means controlling the total tidal volume value VTtot delivered to the patient; means for monitoring said total tidal volume delivered to the patient; and means for monitoring said total volume delivered to the patient in each cycle, said closed loop control means checking the equation by means of said monitoring means and said reference settings to determine whether the patient is achieving said optimum minute volume value, thereby determining the proper mode of ventilation for the patient, among said plurality of modes, and configuring the ventilation device into the proper mode of ventilation.
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16. A method for providing artificial ventilation to a patient on a ventilatory cycle comprising inspiration and expiration, said method comprising:
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automatically choosing between a plurality of modes of ventilation, said plurality of modes comprising a first mode of spontaneous ventilation, wherein a patient on said ventilation device completely controls ventilation and achieves an optimum minute volume value, a second mode of totally controlled ventilation, wherein said ventilation device controls a plurality of breathing parameters so as to achieve said optimum minute volume value, said optimum minute volume value being a theoretically satisfactory value set by an operator as a function of the patient'"'"'s condition and natural spontaneous breathing; piping a gaseous fluid to the patient; entering breathing parameter reference settings suitable for fixing said optimum minute volume value, said reference settings comprising a respiratory rate and a minimum tidal volume, said reference settings fixing said optimum minute volume value by means of an equation Vmnopt=RR×
VTtot, whereby Vmnopt is the optimum minute volume value, RR is the respiratory rate, and VTtot is the sum of the patient'"'"'s spontaneous tidal volume VTpat and a tidal volume which is delivered by said ventilation device VTmach, i.e. the total tidal volume;controlling the total tidal volume value VTtot delivered to the patient; monitoring said total tidal volume delivered to the patient in each cycle; checking the equation in view of the monitored total tidal volume and said reference settings to determine whether the patient is achieving said optimum minute volume value; determining the proper mode of ventilation for the patient, among said plurality of modes which are determined by the values of VTmach and VTpat, respectively; choosing between said modes, by determining the appropriate value of VTmach; and changing the ventilation mode into the proper mode of ventilation.
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Specification