Oxygen selective desiccants
First Claim
1. A process of adsorptive separation of nitrogen from oxygen using an adsorbent kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen in which at least an initial portion of the adsorbent is a composite oxygen and carbon dioxide selective desiccant comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and an agent for the sorption of water.
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Abstract
Composite oxygen selective desiccants comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and an agent for the sorption of water such as lithium chloride, lithium bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, potassium fluoride, oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium or barium are disclosed. Methods of making the components and their use in air separation are also set forth.
36 Citations
30 Claims
- 1. A process of adsorptive separation of nitrogen from oxygen using an adsorbent kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen in which at least an initial portion of the adsorbent is a composite oxygen and carbon dioxide selective desiccant comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and an agent for the sorption of water.
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13. A process of adsorptive separation of nitrogen from oxygen using an adsorbent kinetically selective to the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen in which an at least initial portion of the adsorbent is a composite oxygen selective desiccant comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and contains oxygen functional groups which are hydrophilic.
- 14. A composite oxygen selective desiccant comprising a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen and an agent for the sorption of water.
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22. A composite oxygen and carbon dioxide selective desiccant comprising a carbon molecular sieve having meso- and/or macropores predominantly in the size range of approximately greater than 2 nanometers and micropores predominantly in the size below approximately 0.4 nanometers and a desiccant agent, impregnated substantially in the meso- and macropores of said sieve, selected from the group consisting of lithium chloride, lithium bromide, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium nitrate, potassium fluoride, oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium and barium and mixtures thereof.
- 23. A process for making an oxygen selective desiccant comprising impregnating a carbon molecular sieve with a solution or suspension of an agent or its precursor for the sorption of water using the incipient wetness technique and drying the resulting composite desiccant.
- 28. A process of making an oxygen selective desiccant comprising oxidizing a carbon molecular sieve which is kinetically selective for the adsorption of oxygen over nitrogen in the presence of an oxidizing agent to produce oxygen functional groups which are selective to water.
Specification