Pulsed pen for use with a digitizer tablet

• US 5,138,118 A
• Filed: 05/06/1991
• Issued: 08/11/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Russell, Gregory F.
• Primary Examiner(s): SCHREYER, STAFFORD
• Application Number:
  US07/695,877
• Time in Patent Office: 463 Days
• Field of Search: 178/19, 178/18, 178/87
• US Class Current: 178/19.03
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/046 by electromagnetic means

Abstract

An inductive pen (16) repetitively transmits pulses of an oscillatory signal having a characteristic frequency. Pen state information, such as pen tip contact switch information, are encoded by a number of techniques. These techniques include pulse width modulation or pulse position modulation, so as to convey pen state information to a digitizing tablet in a manner that does not adversely affect pen position determinations. The pen state information may also be encoded on the oscillating signal by Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), or Amplitude Modulation (AM). A digitizer tablet (10) includes circuitry for detecting the transmitted pen state information, the circuitry accommodating the selected modulation scheme. The tablet is responsive to the transmitted pulses for placing tablet circuitry in a low-power consumption state between pulses so as to conserve tablet power.

Claims

1. An inductive pen for use with a digitizer tablet of a type that includes a fixed array of inductors and means for determining a magnitude of a mutual inductance between the fixed array of inductors and the inductive pen for estimating a position of the inductive pen relative to a coordinate system associated with the fixed array of inductors, wherein the inductive pen includes means for autonomously transmitting pulses each of which includes an electromagnetic energy signal having a characteristic frequency.

2. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the characteristic frequency is approximately 500 KHz.

3. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the pulses have a duty cycle of less than approximately 50 percent.

4. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the inductive pen includes means for modulating the electromagnetic energy signal for conveying information and wherein the digitizer tablet includes means for decoding the information from the modulated electromagnetic energy signal.

5. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the electromagnetic energy signal is modulated for conveying information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of a pulse width modulation technique and a pulse position modulation technique.

6. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the electromagnetic energy signal is modulated for conveying information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Amplitude Modulation (AM).

7. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the pulses are transmitted at approximately 10 millisecond intervals, and wherein each pulse has a nominal pulse width of approximately one millisecond.

8. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein each pulse is transmitted with a power of approximately two milliwatts.

9. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 1 wherein the transmitting means includes an inductive coil having an inductance within a range of approximately 100 microhenries to approximately 200 michohenries.

10. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 9 wherein the inductive coil has a length of approximately 11 millimeters, and wherein a bottom of the inductive coil is disposed approximately six millimeters from a writing tip of the inductive pen.

11. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 4 and further including switch means for indicating a condition wherein a tip of the inductive pen is in contact with a writing surface of the digitizer tablet, and wherein an output of the switch means is coupled to an input of the modulating means such that the electromagnetic energy signal is modulated with information expressive of whether the pen tip is in contact with the writing surface.

12. A digitizer tablet, comprising:

an array of conductors defining a sensing plane for sensing a pulsed, oscillating, electromagnetic signal generated external to the sensing plane;

means, coupled to the array of conductors, for determining a magnitude of an electrical signal or signals induced within the array of conductors by the pulsed electromagnetic signal; and

means, coupled to an output of the determining means and responsive to the determined magnitude, for estimating a position of a source of the pulsed electromagnetic signal relative to a coordinate system associated with the sensing plane;

wherein

the pulses of electromagnetic energy are modulated for conveying information, and wherein the determining means includes means for decoding the information conveyed by the pulses.

13. A digitizer tablet as set forth in claim 12 wherein the pulses of electromagnetic energy are modulated for conveying information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of a pulse width modulation technique and a pulse position modulation technique.

14. A digitizer tablet as set forth in claim 12 wherein the pulses of electromagnetic energy are modulated for conveying information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Amplitude Modulation (AM).

15. A digitizer tablet as set forth in claim 12 wherein a frequency of the electromagnetic energy within each of the pulses is approximately 500 KHz.

16. A digitizer tablet as set forth in claim 12 and further comprising means, responsive to the occurrence of the pulses, for switching at least the determining means into a low-power state of operation during a period of time between pulses.

17. An inductive pen for use with a digitizer tablet, the inductive pen comprising:

an inductive coil; and

means for autonomously causing the inductive coil to repetitively transmit pulses of an oscillatory signal.

18. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein the means for autonomously causing the inductive coil to repetitively transit pulses of an oscillatory signal includes means for modulating the oscillatory signal in accordance with pen-state information.

19. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 18 wherein the inductive pen further includes a tip contact switch, and wherein the information is expressive of a state of the switch.

20. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein the oscillatory signal has a frequency of approximately 500 KHz.

21. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein the pulses have a duty cycle of less than 50%.

22. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 18 wherein the oscillatory signal is modulated for conveying pen-state information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of a pulse width modulation technique and a pulse position modulation technique.

23. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 18 wherein the oscillatory signal is modulated for conveying pen-state information in accordance with a modulation technique selected from the group consisting of Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Amplitude Modulation (AM).

24. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein individual pulses are transmitted at approximately 10 millisecond intervals, and wherein each of the pulses has a nominal pulse width of approximately one millisecond.

25. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein each of the pulses is transmitted with a power of approximately two milliwatts.

26. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 17 wherein the driving means has an output coupled to an inductive coil having an inductance within a range of approximately 100 microhenries to approximately 200 microhenries.

27. An inductive pen as set forth in claim 26 wherein the inductive coil has a length of approximately 11 millimeters, and wherein a bottom of the inductive coil is disposed approximately six millimeters from a writing tip of the inductive pen.