Rhythm pattern learning apparatus

• US 5,138,928 A
• Filed: 07/23/1990
• Issued: 08/18/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 07/21/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Kijima, Yuji, Nakajima, Masako
• Primary Examiner(s): Witkowski, Stanley J.
• Application Number:
  US07/555,764
• Time in Patent Office: 757 Days
• Field of Search: 84/609-614, 84/634-638, 84/650-652, 84/666-669, 84/712-717, 84/DIG. 10, 84/DIG. 12
• US Class Current: 84/635
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 1/40 Rhythm
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2250/311 Neural networks for electrophonic musical instruments or musical processing, e.g. for musical recognition or control, automatic composition or improvisation musical analysis G10H2210/031; neural networks G06N3/02
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 7/00 Instruments in which the tones are synthesised from a data store, e.g. computer organs
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 706/902 Application using ai with detail of the ai system
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/10 Feedback
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/12 Side; rhythm and percussion devices

Abstract

A rhythm pattern generating apparatus is provided having a layered neural network to perform learning with feedback to generate an output pattern signal indicative of a musical sound pattern. The output pattern signal is generated by the layered neural network with feedback in response to a performance operation of a player. The layered neural network generates the output pattern signal indicative of the musical sound pattern based on both an input pattern signal and a weight signal. The output pattern signal is fed back by the feedback circuit to the layered neural network to perform the learning process. A drum pad can be used to provide an input to the rhythm pattern generating apparatus or, specifically, to gate an input pattern selector for selecting input pattern signals. The layered neural network with the feedback can perform the learning process using a back propagation method. In the present invention, when a new rhythm pattern is input by a musician, an output pattern signal is generated through an analogy with the rhythm style of the musician.

Claims

1. A rhythm pattern generating apparatus for outputting an output pattern designating a performance operation state in response to an input pattern designating the performance operation state, comprising:

input means for inputting an input pattern,

input and output pattern association means for performing a learning process by forming an association between said input pattern and said output pattern so that the output pattern that is desired by the player can be produced in response to said input pattern, and

output means for outputting the output pattern and output information blocks designating a state of production of a musical sound in response to input information blocks designating the state of the production of the musical sound.

2. A rhythm pattern generating apparatus for outputting an output pattern designating a performance operation state in response to an input pattern designating the performance operation state, comprising:

input calculation information generating means for receiving input performance information blocks designating a production state of a musical sound, for compressing the input performance information blocks and for generating input calculation information at respective performance timings,

input and output pattern association means for performing a learning process by forming an association between the input pattern and the output pattern so that the output pattern that is desired by a player can be produced in response to the input pattern and for receiving the input calculation information as the input pattern and for outputting the output pattern in response to the input pattern as output calculation information at respective performance timings, and

output performance information generating means for generating output performance information blocks designating the production state of the musical sound in response to the output calculation information.

3. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said input and output pattern association means comprises:

a layered network comprising

an input layer comprising a plurality of units for receiving information forming the input pattern,

an output layer comprising a plurality of units for outputting each block of information forming the output pattern, and

at least one hidden layer connected between said input layer and said output layer and comprising a plurality of units, and

weight adjusting means for adjusting weights between said units to form the association between the input pattern and the output pattern so that when the input pattern is input to said input layer, the output pattern desired by a player of the rhythm pattern generating apparatus is output from the output layer in response to the input pattern.

4. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 3,

wherein said weight adjusting means comprises means for determining the weights by a back propagation method and

wherein said input and output pattern association means comprises means for providing a pair of patterns comprising a learning input pattern and an output pattern to said layered network so that the input pattern is input to said input layer and the output pattern desired by the player is output from said output layer in response to the input pattern.

5. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 4, comprising:

mode selecting means for switching said input and output pattern association means to one of a learning mode and a rhythm pattern output mode, and

learning input and output pattern pair supply means for supplying the pair of patterns to said input and output pattern association means when said mode selecting means switches said input and output pattern association means to the learning mode.

6. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 2,

wherein said input calculation information generating means comprises means for receiving the input performance information blocks designating production and silence of a plurality of predetermined kinds of musical sounds and for converting the input performance information blocks in accordance with a predetermined rule for every one of the predetermined kinds of musical sounds to produce multi-valued data representing the input calculation information by at least one real number value,

wherein said input and output pattern association means comprises means for outputting, at respective performance timings, multi-valued data representing the output calculation information by at least one real number value, and

wherein said output performance information generating means comprises means for converting the multi-valued data in accordance with a predetermined rule at respective performance timings to produce the output performance information blocks designating production and silence of the plurality of predetermined kinds of musical sounds.

7. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 2,

wherein said input calculation information generating means value as said input calculation information by converting more comprises means for receiving the input performance information blocks designating production, silence and velocity of a plurality of predetermined kinds of musical sounds at respective performance timings and for converting the input performance information blocks in accordance with a predetermined rule,

wherein said input and output pattern association means comprises means for outputting, at respective performance timings, multi-valued data representing the output calculation information by at least one real number value, and

wherein said output performance information generating means comprises means for converting the multi-valued data in accordance with a predetermined rule to produce the output performance information blocks designating production, silence and velocity of the plurality of predetermined kinds of musical sounds.

8. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the input performance information blocks and the output performance information blocks comprise musical instrument digital interface signals.

9. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising drum pads operatively coupleable to said input calculation information generating means to provide rhythm pattern performance information in the input performance information blocks.

10. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising switch control means for gating said input calculation information to said input and output pattern association means by using at least one of said drum pads.

11. A rhythm pattern generating apparatus for automatically outputting an output pattern designating a performance operation state, comprising:

input and output pattern association means for performing a learning process by forming an association between an input pattern and the output pattern so that the output pattern desired by a player can be produced, for receiving input calculation information as the input pattern designating a production state of generation of a musical sound and for correspondingly outputting the output pattern as more than one output calculation information representing a production state of the musical sound,

start information supplying means for supplying a start pattern to said input and output pattern association means as a block of start information, and

feedback means for feeding back by coupling the output information from said input and output pattern association means to said input and output pattern association means as the input information.

12. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said start information supplying means comprises:

start information storing means for storing more than one start information,

start information selecting means for selecting from the more than one start information, and

start information selection control means for enabling selection by the player of a block of start information from said start information storing means.

13. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said start information supplying means comprises start information generating means for generating the start pattern based on performance operation of the player.

14. The rhythm pattern generating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said start information supplying means comprises

start information storing means for storing the start information,

start information selection means for enabling selection by the player of a block of the start information from said start information storing means,

start information generating means for generating the start information based on a performance operation by the player, and

start information source selection means for enabling selective activation by a player of one of said start information selection means and said start information generating means.

15. The rhythm pattern generating means according to claim 11, wherein said feedback means includes operation means for performing a modification operation on said output information.

16. The rhythm pattern generating means according to claim 15, wherein said feedback means comprises

arithmetic information storing means for storing arithmetic information to control the modification operation of said operation means, and

selection means for selecting the arithmetic information from said operation information storing means.

17. The rhythm pattern generating means according to claim 16, wherein said selection means comprises means for controlling said operation means based on performance operation of the player.

18. A rhythm pattern generating apparatus for generating an output pattern signal indicative of a musical sound pattern in response to a performance operation of a player, comprising:

a layered neural network connected to generate the output pattern signal indicative of the musical sound pattern based on both an input pattern signal and a weight signal; and

a feedback circuit connected to said layered neural network to feed back the output pattern signal to said layered neural network.

19. An apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising:

a drum pad connected to said layered neural network.

20. An apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising:

an input pattern memory for storing a plurality of predetermined patterns; and

an input pattern selector switch selectively connected to said input pattern memory to provide the input pattern signal to said layered neural network.

21. An apparatus according to claim 20, further comprising:

a switch gratingly connected between said input pattern selector and said layered neural network in response to a drum pad.

22. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said feedback circuit comprises a modification operation circuit connected to said layered neural network to modify the output pattern signal based on the performance operation.

23. An apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising:

a start information circuit connected to said layered neural network to provide start information for the input pattern signal.

24. An apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising:

a learning mode/rhythm pattern output mode switch connected to said layered neural network.

25. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein said feedback circuit comprises a back propagation method circuit connected to said layered neural network.