FM video data link spectrum spreading

• US 5,140,610 A
• Filed: 10/08/1991
• Issued: 08/18/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/08/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
• Inventors: Holliday, Edward M., Kirshtein, Phillip M, Weathers, Glenn D.
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US07/772,999
• Time in Patent Office: 315 Days
• Field of Search: 375/1
• US Class Current: 375/131
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/69 Spread spectrum techniques

Abstract

A video data link system utilizes spread spectrum to decrease the susceptlity of a low power video link to radio frequency countermeasures. The video data link system utilizes a combination of spread spectrum direct-sequence modulation and frequency-hop along with frequency modulation to provide spectral spreading of radio frequency energy to a bandwidth much greater than the information bandwidth. The direct sequence modulation allows minimization of the number of frequency steps required for complete spectral filling of the operational bandwidth on an average basis. Frequency hop timing is determined from the phase of the direct sequence generator to simplify the frequency hop synchronization process in the receiver. Bandwidth of the fm video signal, after being spread in spectral width by the bi-phase direct sequence signal, is approximately equal to the direct pseudo random sequence clock rate. Spacing of the frequency hop step is matched to the direct sequence bandwidth to relate each frequency stepped subcarrier harmonically to the fundamental sequence clock, thereby allowing simpler generation of the de-hop sub-carriers in the receiver.

Claims

1. In a communications system video data link for transmitting video information from a first point to a second point where signals are subsequently received, said data link having a video source signal that is frequency modulated prior to transmission and said received signals are received, discriminated, recorded, and monitored;

the improvement comprising the method of transmitter-receiver synchronization to achieve spectrum spreading;

generating a time code onto a video source baseband signal prior to frequency modulation and transmission of said signal from a transmitter;

generating a direct sequence code at a preset high frequency clock rate;

mixing the direct sequence code with the transmitted, time coded, frequency modulated, video signal to obtain a spread spectrum signal output; and

amplifying said spread spectrum signal and transmitting said signal from an antenna.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1 and further comprising the steps of:

receiving said transmitted spread spectrum signal,

translating a first portion of said spread spectrum signal to baseband;

coupling said translated baseband signal through a clock generator and a direct sequence code generator to obtain a reference code signal corresponding to the direct sequence code generated at the preset high frequency clock rate;

mixing the direct sequence code with a second portion of said spread spectrum signal to obtain a despread radio frequency signal; and

demodulating said despread radio frequency to obtain the synchronized baseband video signal generated by said video source.

3. A method as set forth in claim 2 wherein said steps of coupling said translated baseband signal further comprises the steps of:

splitting said translated baseband signal into first and second signal paths;

mixing signals on said first and second signal paths with respective early and late codes to provide first and second coded output baseband signals at an intermediate frequency;

recombining and amplifying said signals in a difference amplifier; and

filtering the output baseband signal from said difference amplifier prior to coupling said translated baseband signal through the clock generator and direct sequence code generator and thereby providing a code-lock-loop.

4. In a communications system video data link wherein a plurality of radio frequency signals are transmitted and subsequently received, said data link having a video source signal that is frequency modulated prior to transmission and said received signals are received, discriminated, recorded, and monitored;

the improvement comprising the method of transmitter-receiver synchronization to achieve spectrum spreading;

frequency modulating and transmitting a time coded baseband video signal from a video source;

generating a PN code at a preset mid-frequency clock rate;

coupling said generated PN code to respective first and second mixers;

driving in sequential steps a programmable frequency synthesizer to provide first and second output signals along signal paths shifted in phase by 90 degrees and stepped in equal mid-frequency steps in a pseudo random pattern;

directing output signals from said synthesizer along said first and second output signal paths to said first and second mixers respectively for obtaining respective first and second frequency-hopped, PN coded outputs therefrom;

combining said first and second frequency-hopped PN coded outputs respectively, along separate and distinct signal paths, with said frequency modulated time coded baseband video signal;

summing the respective combinations of frequency-hopped, PN coded outputs with the frequency modulated and time coded baseband video signals to provide an output spectrum of hopped PN coded signals; and

amplifying and transmitting said spectrum of hopped PN coded signals toward a receiver region.

5. A method as set forth in claim 4 and further comprising the steps of:

receiving said amplified and transmitted spectrum of PN coded signals by a receiver region, and

reducing said received spectrum signals to obtain the demodulated time coded baseband video signal originally generated by said video source.

6. A method as set forth in claim 5 wherein, prior to the step of combining, the method further comprises the steps of:

dividing said frequency modulated, time coded baseband video signal along first and second video signal paths; and

phase shifting video signals coupled on said second video path by 90 degrees to obtain a 90 degree phase shifted video signal with respect to said first video path; and

wherein said step of combining is accomplished by combining in the first and second frequency-hopped, PN coded outputs respectively with signals on the first and second video path prior to the step of summing.

7. A method as set forth in claim 6 and further comprising the steps of:

receiving and amplifying said transmitted spectrum of hopped PN coded signals by said receiver region; and

reducing the received and amplified spectrum of hopped PN coded signals to obtain the demodulated baseband video signal generated by said video source.

8. A method as set forth in claim 7 wherein said step of reducing said received and amplified spectrum of hopped PN coded signals further comprises the steps of:

translating a first portion of said received and amplified spectrum to baseband;

processing the translated baseband signal through a code locking loop and code generation circuit to obtain a reference code signal indicative of the PN code generated at a preset mid-frequency clock rate;

mixing the reference code signal with a second portion of said received and amplified spectrum to obtain a despread, frequency modulated, radio frequency signal; and

demodulating said despread radio frequency to obtain the demodulated baseband video signal generated by said video source.

9. A method as set forth in claim 8 wherein, prior to the step of demodulating to obtain the demodulated baseband video signal, the method further comprises the steps of:

coupling a portion of the despread, frequency modulated, radio frequency signal into a control loop to feedback a portion of the instantaneous despread signal into the control loop path; and

controllably driving in sequential steps a frequency synthesizer to provide a mid-frequency pseudo random pattern, stepped output that is correlated by said instantaneous despread signal to the pseudo random pattern in said transmitted spectrum.

10. A method as set forth in claim 5 and further comprising the steps of:

stripping synchronization signals from a portion of the baseband video signal;

locking a frequency hop rate of the programmable synthesizer and the PN code rate to the synchronization signals to assure blockage of transient discriminator noise spikes from the reduced, received spectrum signals.

11. A method as set forth in claim 9 and further comprising the steps of:

stripping synchronization signals from a portion of the baseband video signal;

locking a frequency hop rate of the programmable synthesizer and the PN code rate to the synchronization signals to assure blockage of transient discriminator noise spikes from the reduced, received spectrum signals.