Core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter

• US 5,140,812 A
• Filed: 11/05/1991
• Issued: 08/25/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/05/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Engelhard Corporation (BASF SE)
• Original Assignee: W R Grace & Company - CONN (Standard Industries Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Cornelison, Richard C., Sherwin, Martin B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lazarus, Ira S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HEYMAN, LEONARD
• Application Number:
  US07/787,861
• Time in Patent Office: 294 Days
• Field of Search: 60/299, 60/300, 60/303, 422/174, 422/180, 392/485, 392/486, 392/488, 392/490, 392/379
• US Class Current: 60/300
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2330/02 Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/2026 directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/281 Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/2853 using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

There is provided an improved core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter, and an electrically heatable catalytic converter containing such core, said core characterized by having a plurality of subcircuits in which the heater strips of thin high temperature resistive metal alloy are in parallel and connected between an outer shell segment and a central structural member, and the plurality of such subcircuits is connected in series, whereby the resistance between the terminals of the electrically heatable catalytic converter is effectively raised.

Claims

1. A core of an electrically heatable catalytic converter comprising:

(a) a central structural member;

(b) a segmented outer shell, each of said segments being electrically isolated from any other segment except through a plurality of thin high temperature resistive metal alloy heater strips;

said plurality of heater strips forming a monolith, each of said heater strips being securred at its proximal end to said central structural member and at its distal end to an outer shell segment, the heater strips attached to a common shell segment being connected in parallel and defining a subcircuit, and the shell segments being connected in series through the central structural member and the heater strips.

2. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the central structural member is an electricity conducting member.

3. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 2 wherein the electricity conducting central structural member is formed of a stainless steel.

4. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 2 wherein the electricity conducting central structural member is formed of nickel.

5. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 further having the cold resistance of the heater strips in the range of from 0.02 ohms to 0.2 ohms, the total number of heater strips is from 2 to 24, and each heater strip has a cold resistance of approximately 0.07 ohms.

6. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the heater strips are corrugated.

7. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 6 wherein the heater strips are corrugated according to a herringbone or chevron pattern.

8. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 6 wherein the heater strips are corrugated according to a variable pitch pattern.

9. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the thin heater strips are precoated with refractory metal oxide and have a noble metal catalyst carried thereon.

10. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the high temperature resistive metal alloy heater strips are postcoated after assembly with refractory metal oxide and have a noble metal catalyst carried thereon.

11. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 6 wherein the corrugated thin high temperature resistive metal alloy strips are ferritic stainless steel strips.

12. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the thin high temperature resistive metal alloy heater strips are a nickel-chromium alloy.

13. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 9 wherein the refractory metal oxide comprises alumina.

14. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 10 wherein the refractory metal oxide comprises alumina.

15. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 13 wherein the alumina is in the gamma form.

16. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 14 wherein the alumina is in the gamma form.

17. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 13 wherein the refractory metal oxide is a mixture of alumina and ceria.

18. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 9 wherein the noble metal catalyst is selected from platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and mixtures of two or more of such metals.

19. A core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 1 wherein the parallel subcircuits are electrically isolated from one another by flexible woven ceramic fiber strips.

22. A core as defined in claim 1 having two subcircuits in series, each subcircuit having from 4 to 12 corrugated thin high temperature resistive metal alloy heater strips in parallel between a unitary electricity conducting central structural member and an outer shell segment.

20. An electrically heatable catalytic converter comprising (1) a housing, (2) end cap adapters for each end of the housing for adapting said converter for insertion an exhaust line, (3) a core including (a) a central structural member, (b) a segmented outer shell having a plurality of segments, each of said segments being electrically isolated from any other segment except as connected through a plurality of thin high temperature resistive metal alloy heater strips and the central structural member, (c) said plurality of said alloy heater strips tightly spirally wound and forming a monolith, each of said heater strips electrically secured at its proximal end to said central structural member and at its distal end to an outer shell segment, the heater strips connected to a given shell segment being connected in parallel and defining a subcircuit, and the shell segments being connected in series through said central structural member and said heater strips, (d) a diametrally extending bar, said bar being electrically insulated from said central structural member and in juxtaposition with the downstream side of the aforesaid monolith, the outer ends of said bar being welded to the housing, (4) insulation means between the housing and the core, (5) a feed through terminal extending through said housing, secured to one of said shell segments, and adapted to be attached to one pole of a voltage source, (6) a second terminal for attachment to the other pole of a voltage source and attached to a another shell segment where there are an even number of subcircuits and to the central structural member where there are an odd number subcircuits, and (7) a voltage source.

21. An electrically heatable catalytic converter as defined in claim 20 wherein the heater strips are corrugated.