Light-pulsing, visual stimulus entertainment device and method

• US 5,149,317 A
• Filed: 10/11/1989
• Issued: 09/22/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Psych-Research Incorporated
• Original Assignee: I Q International Incorporated
• Inventors: Robinson, Wilbur A
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PONTIUS, KEVIN LANE
• Application Number:
  US07/419,950
• Time in Patent Office: 1,077 Days
• Field of Search: 600/26, 600/27, 600/28, 84/464 R
• US Class Current: 600/27
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0044 by the sight sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/00 Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0648 the light being directed to the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/065 Light sources therefor

Abstract

A device and method for stimulation of visual perception by a subject having his eyes closed, by illuminating the closed eyelids with light pulses, particularly in association with music or other sounds provided to his or her ears. Different light pulse sequences can be applied to the subject'"'"'s two eyes, for instance simultaneously with the two channels of stereo sound supplied to the subject'"'"'s ears. The device is provided so that the sound signal modulates the visual signal, such as the widths and separations of the light pulses in the light pulse sequences illuminating the subject'"'"'s eyes, in a manner to which the subject'"'"'s senses are particularly responsive. With such stimulation of the senses, the subject can perceive or observe, with closed eyes, a large variety of patterns and colors in his visual field. The patterns and colors occur and change on a variety of time and space scales, in some correspondence with the sound, but with some non-reproducible or chaotic characteristics as well. The effect provides entertainment and relaxation, and allows exploring the interplay in the brain of the light and sound senses.

Claims

1. A visual stimulus device comprising

a first circuit means for generating a first electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses,

a second circuit means for generating or otherwise providing, at least part of the time, a second electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses,

a combining circuit means for receiving at a first input said first electrical signal and at a second input said second electrical signal, and for outputting at an output an output electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses corresponding to a respective combination of said first and second electrical signals, and

illumination means for receiving said output electrical signal and providing a visual signal to a subject, said visual signal comprising a sequence of light pulses that is the same as said sequence of pulses of said output electrical signal,

wherein said pulse sequence of said output electrical signal is in a frequency range which allows the subject to perceive the flashing of said visual signal,

wherein said first circuit means comprises an astable multivibrator for generating said pulse sequence output therefrom at a respective frequency, and wherein further:

said second circuit means comprises conversion means for receiving an audio signal as an input, and for converting said audio signal to said sequence of pulses of said output therefrom; and

said combining circuit means comprises an exclusive OR gate, said exclusive OR gate having as first and second inputs two signals respectively corresponding to said sequences of pulses of said first and second electrical signals and an output corresponding to said sequence of pulses output from said combining means.

2. The device of claim 1, comprising said first circuit means including means for providing said frequency of said pulses of said pulse sequence output therefrom to be in the approximate range of 2 to 6 Hz.

3. The device of claim 1, said second circuit means further comprising:

nulling means for selectively providing at least a part of the time that said second electrical signal is a null signal, instead of said sequence of pulses, wherein said output electrical signal output from said combining circuit corresponds to said electrical signal from said first circuit means when said second electrical signal from said second circuit means is said null signal.

4. The device of claim 1,

wherein said second circuit means is such that the pulses of said sequence of pulses output from said second circuit means are approximately in a frequency range having an upper limit of at least a factor of ten greater than, and a lower limit of one tenth or less of, said frequency of said pulses of said pulse sequence output from said first circuit means.

5. The device of claim 1, said conversion means of said second circuit means comprising

an exclusive OR gate which receives said audio signal at a first input and produces as an output a quasi-digital signal with pulses corresponding to said audio signal, and

a frequency divider operatively connected to receive said output from said exclusive OR gate of said conversion means, said frequency divider providing as an output said second pulse sequence input from said second circuit means to said combining circuit means.

6. The device of claim 5, said frequency divider comprising means for providing said second pulse sequence as said output to said combining circuit means with a dividing factor on the order of 250, said dividing factor being with respect to said pulses of said quasi-digital signal.

7. The device of claim 5, said combining circuit comprising an exclusive OR gate having as first and second inputs signals respectively corresponding to said sequences of pulses of said first and second electrical signals and an output corresponding to said sequence of pulses output from said combining means.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein

said first and second circuit means include means for providing that the range of frequency of said second electrical signal generated from said second circuit means is centered on the frequency of said first electrical signal generated from said first circuit means.

9. The device of claim 1, said astable multivibrator comprising first, second and third inverters respectively connected successively in series in the downstream direction, two resistors connected in series between the input of first inverter and the output of the third inverter, and a capacitor connected at one terminal between the second and third of said three inverters and at the other terminal between said two resistors.

10. A visual stimulus device comprising

a first circuit means for generating a first electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses,

a second circuit means for generating or otherwise providing, at least part of the time, a second electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses,

a combining circuit means for receiving at a first input said first electrical signal and at a second input said second electrical signal, and for outputting at an output an output electrical signal comprising a sequence of pulses corresponding to a respective combination of said first and second electrical signals, and

illumination means for receiving said output electrical signal and providing a visual signal to a subject, said visual signal comprising a sequence of light pulses that is the same as said sequence of pulses of said output electrical signal,

wherein said pulse sequence of said output electrical signal is in a frequency range which allows the subject to perceive the flashing of said visual signal, and

wherein said second circuit means comprises:

an exclusive OR gate which receives an audio signal at a first input and which is biased as a linear device to produce therefrom a quasi-digital signal with pulses corresponding to said audio signal; and

a frequency divider operatively connected to receive as an input a signal corresponding to said quasi-digital signal, said frequency divider providing as an output said sequence of pulses output from said second circuit means to said combining circuit.

11. A device for stimulating visual perceptions by a human subject having his or her eyes closed, by illuminating separately the left and right eyelids of the subject in synchronism with stereo sound supplied to the left and right ears of the subject, said device comprising

left and right eye illumination means, for providing separate sequences of light pulses to the left and right eyes of the subject, in response to two respective electrical pulse sequences input to said eye illumination means,

at least one reference pulse means for generating at least one pulse sequence of at least one frequency in the range of interest for said visual perception to be stimulated, and

a pair of modulation means for modulating each said at least one pulse sequence from said at least one reference pulse means, to provide a respective pair of modulated pulse sequences which are provided to said illumination means as said two electrical pulse sequences, each said modulation being determined by factors including the frequency and phase of the respective reference pulse sequence and the respective audio signals of said stereo sounds,

wherein each said modulation effects the separation and width of the pulses of light reaching the eyelids of the subject, including by introduction of a chaotic variation, and

wherein each said modulation means includes a respective frequency multiplier, each said frequency multiplier comprising an exclusive OR gate.

12. A method of stimulating visual perception by a subject listening to music and having pulses of light falling on his closed eyelids, said method comprising

generating first and second sequences of pulses, said first sequence of pulses being independent of said second sequence of pulses, wherein said first sequence of pulses is determined at least in part but not entirely by audio signals corresponding to said music,

combining by means of an exclusive OR gate said first and second pulse sequences in a predetermined manner dependent on the width and relative phases of the pulses to produce a corresponding output pulse sequence, the logic level of said output pulse sequence depending at any time on the logic levels of said first and second sequences of pulses corresponding to the same time, and

providing said pulses of light according to said output pulse sequence.