Molecular sieve sensors for selective detection at the nanogram level
First Claim
1. A method of selectively detecting the presence of a chemical entity within an environment comprising placing a selective chemical sensor in said environment and detecting mass changes of the piezoelectric surface resulting from sorption of material thereon, said chemical sensor comprising:
- (a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and
(b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a preselected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon,wherein element (a) is a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device or a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) device,wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, andwherein said film is an inorganic silica matrix having zeolite crystals embedded therein.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a selective chemical sensor for selective detection of chemical entities even at the nanogram level. The invention further relates to methods of using the sensor. The sensor comprises:
(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from adsorption of material thereon; and
(b) a coating applied to the substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size smaller than a preselected magnitude.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. A method of selectively detecting the presence of a chemical entity within an environment comprising placing a selective chemical sensor in said environment and detecting mass changes of the piezoelectric surface resulting from sorption of material thereon, said chemical sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a preselected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (a) is a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device or a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) device, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, and wherein said film is an inorganic silica matrix having zeolite crystals embedded therein.
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2. A method of selectively detecting the presence of a chemical entity within an environment comprising placing a selective chemical sensor in said environment and detecting mass changes of the piezoelectric surface resulting from sorption of material thereon, said chemical sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a preselected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (a) is a surface acoustic wave (SAW) device or a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) device, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, wherein said film is an inorganic matrix having zeolite crystals embedded therein, and wherein said matrix is selected from the group comprising sol-gel derived glasses, polymers and clay.
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3. A chemical sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, and wherein said film is an inorganic silica matrix having zeolite crystals embedded therein.
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4. A sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, wherein said film is selected from the group comprising sol-gel derived glasses, polymers and clays.
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5. A sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, and wherein the pores of said zeolite crystals are modified so as to be Lewis or Bronsted acidic or basic.
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6. A sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, and wherein the pores of said zeolite crystals are modified so as to provide intrazeolite ligation by the presence of metal ions.
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7. A sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a film containing zeolite crystals, wherein the pores within said zeolite crystals provide molecule sieving capability, and wherein said film is an alumina, boro-aluminosilicate, titania, hydrolyzed diethoxydiphenylsilane, or silane rubber matrix containing zeolite crystals.
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8. A sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of material thereon; and (b) a coating applied to said substrate, which selectively sorbs chemical entities of a size less than a pre-selected magnitude, wherein the chemical entity to be detected is CO or a hydrocarbon, wherein element (b) is a solid, non-porous, inorganic matrix with porous zeolite crystals embedded therein.
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9. A selective chemical sensor comprising:
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(a) a piezoelectric substrate capable of detecting mass changes resulting from sorption of materials thereon; (b) a coating applied to said substrate, wherein said coating comprises a solid, non-porous, inorganic matrix and porous zeolite crystals contained within said matrix, wherein the pores of said zeolite crystals selectively sorb chemical entities of a size less than a preselected magnitude. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12)
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Specification