Video display on spectacle-like frame

• US 5,151,722 A
• Filed: 11/05/1990
• Issued: 09/29/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/05/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Original Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Inventors: Raasch, Thomas W., Massof, Robert W., O'Shea, Donald C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bovernick, Rodney B.
• Application Number:
  US07/609,243
• Time in Patent Office: 694 Days
• Field of Search: 351/41, 351/158, 351/50, 358/93, 358/108, 358/113, 358/88, 2/448, 2/449, 2/450
• US Class Current: 351/158
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0123 comprising devices increasing the field of view
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0132 comprising binocular systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0154 with movable elements
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0178 Eyeglass type eyeglass details G02C
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/017 Head mounted
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 7/12 Adjusting pupillary distance of binocular pairs
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/344 with head-mounted left-right displays

Abstract

A head mounted display is disclosed for providing a monocular or binocular wide field of view. The head mounted display contains a unique configuration and unique folding optics so that it can be worn like a pair of spectacles or goggles. The optics and frame of the goggles are uniquely designed to accommodate different head dimensions.

Claims

1. A head mounted video display, comprising:

a goggle like frame having side arms adapted to run alongside the users head;

a curved mirror secured to said frame and adapted to be positioned in front of a user'"'"'s eye to relay and focus a video image onto the retina;

a small video display positioned in said side arm for generating a video image; and

,

folding optics means for placing a magnified intermediate image of said video display into the focal plane of the curved mirror, so that an image of said video display subtending a large visual angle will be focused on the user'"'"'s retina.

2. The display of claim 1, wherein said folding optics means includes a beam splitter adapted to be positioned between the user'"'"'s eye and said curved mirror for presenting the video image generated by said video display into the focal plane of the said curved mirror.

3. The display of claim 2, wherein said folding optics means further includes an optics means for magnifying the video image so that the image of the video display on the retina of the user'"'"'s eye substantially fills the entire curved mirror, thereby producing a wide field of view.

4. The display of claim 3, wherein said head mounted display further comprises an optical element inserted into said folding optics means for correcting the user'"'"'s individual sphero-cylindrical refractive error, thereby changing the plane of the intermediate image to produce the correct vergence at the patient'"'"'s eye.

5. The display claim 3, wherein said folding optics means comprises an optical system having sufficient aperture so that the exit pupil of said optics means is large relative to the pupil of the user'"'"'s eye and is imaged close to the center of rotation of the user'"'"'s eye thereby preventing image vignetting with eye movements.

6. A head mounted display, comprising:

a frame adapted to be placed on a user'"'"'s head and worn like goggles and having a bridge piece and side arms that extend along a user'"'"'s head;

a curved mirror mounted onto said frame so that said curved mirror is positioned in front of and on-axis with the user'"'"'s eye when said frame is worn by the user;

a video display mounted on the arm of said frame for producing a video image; and

,

a folding optics means mounted onto said frame for placing a magnified intermediate image produced by said video display into the plane of said curved mirror, so that an image of said video display subtending a large visual angle will be focused on the user'"'"'s retina, said folding optics means including,

a beam splitter mounted on said frame so that it is positioned between said curved mirror and the user'"'"'s eye when said frame is worn by the user,

an image relaying mirror mounted on said frame adjacent to said beam splitter and cooperating optically with said beam splitter for folding the video image from a plane running substantially parallel to said side arm into the focal plane of said curved mirror, and

an optical means for magnifying the video image so that it substantially fills said curved mirror.

7. The display of claim 6, wherein said optical means includes;

a collimating lens means positioned a focal length from the video display for producing a collimated beams; and

,

an imaging lens means positioned along the optical path from said collimating lens for focusing an intermediate image onto the focal plane of said curved mirror the distance between the collimating lens means and the imaging lens equals the focal length of the imaging lens means and, the distance between said imaging lens means and said curved mirror equals to the focal length of said imaging lens means plus the focal length of said curved mirror.

8. The display of claim 7, further comprising a corrective lens means inserted into said collimated beam for correcting refractive error of the user.

9. The display of claim 7, when said curved mirror is adjustably mounted onto said frame, permitting the distance between said bridge piece and said curved mirror to be adjusted so that said curved mirror can be positioned on-axis with the user'"'"'s eye.

10. The display of claim 7, wherein said frame includes an adjustment means so that the distance between said curved mirror and said side arm is adjustable to accommodate different head dimensions, and wherein said imaging lens means is also adjustably mounted so that as the distance between said beam splitter and said image relaying mirror is increased to accommodate head dimensions, the distance between said imaging lens means and said image relaying mirror is correspondingly decreased so that the image generated by said display will be presented to the user'"'"'s retina.

11. The display of claim 6, wherein said optical means includes, relay optics means positioned between said video display and said image relaying mirror for magnifying the video image;

and an aberration correcting lens for correcting any distortions produced by said relay optics means.

12. The display of claim 11, wherein said curved mirror is configured to add distortions that are inverse to the distortions produced by said relay optics means.

13. The display claim 11, wherein, said relay optics means has sufficient aperture so that the exit pupil of the display is not vignetted from rotations of the user'"'"'s eye.

14. The display of claim 11, wherein said curved mirror is adjustably mounted onto said frame, permitting the distance between said bridge piece and said curved mirror to be adjustable, so that said curved mirror can be positioned on-axis with the user'"'"'s eye.

15. The display of claim 11, wherein said side arm includes an adjustment means so that the distance between said curved mirror and said side arm is adjustable to accommodate different head dimensions, and wherein said relay optics means and said video display are also adjustably mounted and movable as a unit so that as the distance between said beam splitter and said relaying mirror is increased to accommodate head dimensions, the distance between said relay optics means and said video display, as a unit, and said image relay mirror is correspondingly decreased so that the image generated by said display will be presented to the user'"'"'s retina.

16. The display of claim 11, further comprising an optical correction means inserted between said relay optics means and said image relaying mirror for correcting refractive error of the user.

17. A binocular head mounted display, comprising:

a frame adapted to be placed on a user'"'"'s head and worn like goggles and having a bridge piece and side arms that extend along the user'"'"'s head;

a first curved mirror mounted onto said frame so that said curved mirror is positioned in front of and on-axis with the user'"'"'s left eye when said frame is worn by the user;

a second curved mirror mounted onto said frame so that said curved mirror is positioned in front of and on-axis with the user'"'"'s right eye when said frame is worn by the user;

a first video display for generating a video image for the left eye; and

a second video display for generating a video image for the right eye;

a first folding optics means mounted on said frame for placing a magnified intermediate image produced by said first video display into the plane of said first curved mirror, so that an image of said video display subtending a large visual angle will be focused on the user'"'"'s retina, said first folding optics means including,

a first beam splitter mounted on said frame so that it is positioned between said first curved mirror and the user'"'"'s left eye when said frame is worn by the user, for presenting the video image into the optical plane of said first curved mirror, and

a first optical means for magnifying the video image produced by said first video display so that it substantially fills said first curved mirror; and

a second folding optics means mounted on said frame for placing a magnified intermediate image produced by said second video display into the plane of said second curved mirror, so that an image of said video display subtending a large visual angle will be focused on the user'"'"'s retina, said second folding optics means including,

a second beam splitter mounted on said frame so that it is positioned between said second curved mirror and the user'"'"'s right eye when said frame is worn by the user, for presenting the video image into the optical plane of said second curved mirror, and

a second optical means for magnifying the video image presented by said second video display so that it substantially fills said second curved mirror.

18. A method of treating impaired vision, comprising

using a head mounted display to present a video image to one or both eyes of a patient;

said head mounted display having,

a goggle like frame with side arms adapted to run alongside the user'"'"'s head,

a curved mirror secured to the frame and adapted to be positioned in front of the patient'"'"'s eye to relay and focus a video image onto the retina,

a small video display positioned in said side arm for generating a video image, and

folding optics means for placing a magnified intermediate image of said video display into the focal plane of said video display subtending a large visual angle on the patient'"'"'s retina; and

supplying a video signal to the head mounted display which is electronically processed to present a magnified or enhanced image.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the video signal is provided by broadcast television.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the video signal is provided by a video camera focused on written material.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the video signal is provided by a computer so that the head mounted display acts as the computer display.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein a signal of a reversed video image is presented to the head mounted display to enhance contrast.