Integrated check valve testing system

• US 5,154,080 A
• Filed: 09/06/1991
• Issued: 10/13/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1986
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Crane Company
• Original Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Company LLC (Brookfield Asset Management Incorporated)
• Inventors: Hill, Gary L., Burton, Charles A., McMennamy, John A., Nafziger, Steven
• Primary Examiner(s): Myracle, Jerry W.
• Application Number:
  US07/756,100
• Time in Patent Office: 403 Days
• Field of Search: 73/119 A, 73/168, 73/572, 73/597, 73/593, 73/570, 73/584, 73/627, 73/612, 73/610, 137/554, 340/870.28, 340/870.30, 367/93, 367/99, 367/245, 367/252
• US Class Current: 73/597
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 37/00 Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 37/0041 for measuring valve parameters F16K37/0033 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/08 Systems for measuring distance only indirect measurement G01S15/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/88 Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting G01V1/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/8242 Electrical

Abstract

Integrated check valve testing system includes a method and apparatus for non-intrusively testing a check valve which includes using an ultrasonic transducer externally connected to the check valve to direct ultrasonic sound waves through the check valve casting and through the transported fluid to the check valve disk to then detect the ultrasonic sound waves reflected off of the check valve disk. An ultrasonic controller controls the ultrasonic transducer and generates location signals based on the amount of time between each direction of an ultrasonic sound wave and the resulting reception of a reflected ultrasonic sound wave. A system controller analyzes the movement of the check valve disk and calculates certain test data which is compared to previously obtained baseline data. The preferred embodiment of the present invention also includes using two accelerometers externally connected to the check valve to monitor acoustic emissions generated by the check valve. The accelerometers generate emission signals and communicate them to the system controller. These emission signals are analyzed, and data is generated and compared to previously obtained baseline data. Both the ultrasonic transducer and the accelerometers are used separately and simultaneously to verify that the check valve is travelling through a complete stroke and to calculate other test data based on both types of signals which is compared to previously obtained baseline data.

Claims

1. Method of testing the operating condition of a fluid flow check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said method comprising the steps of:

directing a sound wave at and through the check valve casting and at the check valve disk;

receiving a reflected sound wave reflected off the check valve disk;

counting the lapsed time from the end of a selected delay, subsequent to the directing of the sound wave, until the receipt of the reflected sound wave;

repeating the above directing, receiving, and counting steps at selected intervals over a period of time to monitor any relative movement of the check valve disk;

monitoring acoustic emissions generated by the check valve;

generating acoustic data representative of the monitored acoustic emissions; and

analyzing the acoustic data to monitor the operating condition of the check valve.

2. Method of testing a fluid flow check valve, the check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said method comprising the steps of:

directing an ultrasonic sound wave at and through a check valve casting and at a check valve disk;

receiving an ultrasonic reflected sound wave reflected off the check valve disk;

generating a location signal which represents a relative position of the check valve disk;

repeating the above directing, receiving, and generating steps throughout a first period of time;

monitoring acoustic emissions generated by the check valve throughout a second period of time; and

generating emission signals which represent the monitored acoustic emissions.

3. Method of claim 2, wherein the first period and the second period at least partially overlap in real time, during which overlap ultrasonic sound waves are directed and received while acoustic emissions are simultaneously monitored.

4. Method of claim 3, further comprising the step of analyzing both the location signals and the emission signals to verify that the check valve disk moved through a stroke.

5. Method of claim 3, further comprising the step of analyzing both the location signals and the emission signals to define a stroke period of time during which the check valve disk moves through a stroke.

6. Method of claim 5, further comprising the step of calculating test stroke parameters from the emission signals, the parameters including one or more the following:

a number of precursor emissions during the stroke period, an RMS emission level during the stroke period, and an average RMS precursor emission level during the stroke period.

7. Method of claim 6, further comprising the step of comparing the test stroke parameters with baseline stroke parameters.

8. Method of claim 2, wherein the first period defines a period of steady state flow of fluid through the check valve, and further comprising the step of calculating test stable ultrasonic parameters from the location signals, the parameters including one or more of the following:

a stable angular velocity and a stable opening angle.

9. Method of claim 8, further comprising the step of comparing the test stable ultrasonic parameters with baseline stable ultrasonic parameters.

10. Method of claim 2, wherein the second period defines a period of steady state flow of fluid through the check valve, and further comprising the step of calculating test stable acoustic parameters from the emission signals, the parameters including one or more of the following:

a stable impact rate, a stable RMS emission level, and a stable average RMS impact emission level.

11. Method of claim 10, further comprising the step of comparing the test stable acoustic parameters with baseline stable acoustic parameters.

12. Method of claim 2, wherein the second period defines a period of steady state flow of fluid through the check valve, and further comprising the step of calculating an average impact power spectral density from the emission signals.

13. Method of claim 2, wherein the second period defines a period of steady state flow of fluid through the check valve, wherein acoustic emissions are monitored through a plurality of accelerometers, and further comprising the step of calculating an average impact conjugate power spectral density from the emission signals to indicate which accelerometer of the plurality of accelerometers most likely first monitored the monitored acoustic emissions, thus providing an indication of the location of the acoustic emissions.

14. Method of claim 2, further comprising the steps of reversing fluid flow to close the check valve before acoustic emissions are monitored, and processing the emission signals to calculate a test average leakage emission level.

15. Method of claim 14, further comprising the step of comparing the calculated test average leakage emission level to a baseline average leakage emission level.

16. Method of testing a fluid flow check valve, the check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said method comprising the steps of:

removably and temporarily locating a sound wave transducer at a check valve;

directing an ultrasonic sound wave at and through a check valve casting and at a check valve disk;

receiving a reflected sound wave reflected off the check valve disk;

generating a location signal which represents a relative position of the check valve disk;

repeating the above directing, receiving, and generating steps throughout a first period of time;

removably and temporarily locating at least one accelerometer at the check valve;

monitoring acoustic emissions generated by the check valve throughout a second period of time which overlaps, at least partially, with the first period in real time;

generating emission signals which represent the monitored acoustic emissions;

analyzing both the location signals and the emission signals to define a stroke period of time during which the check valve disk moves through a stroke;

calculating test stroke parameters from the emission signals, the parameters including one or more of the following;

a number of precursor emissions during the stroke period, an RMS emission level during the stroke period, and an average RMS precursor emission level during the stroke period; and

comparing the test stroke parameters with baseline stroke parameters.

17. Method of testing a fluid flow check valve, the check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said method comprising the steps of:

removably and temporarily locating a sound wave transducer at a check valve;

directing an ultrasonic sound wave at and through a check valve casting and at a check valve disk;

receiving a reflected sound wave reflected off the check valve disk;

generating a location signal which represents a relative position of the check valve disk;

repeating the above directing, receiving, and generating steps throughout a first period of time during which fluid flows in a steady state through the check valve;

calculating test stable ultrasonic parameters from the location signals, the parameters including one or more of the following;

a stable angular velocity and a stable opening angle;

removably and temporarily locating at least one accelerometer at the check valve;

monitoring acoustic emissions generated by the check valve throughout a second period of time during which fluid flows in a steady state through the check valve;

generating emission signals which represent the monitored acoustic emissions;

calculating test stable acoustic parameters from the emission signals, the parameters including one or more of the following;

a stable impact rate, a stable RMS emission level, and a stable average RMS impact emission level; and

calculating overall condition parameters from weighted values of both the test stable ultrasonic parameters and the test stable acoustic parameters.

18. Testing apparatus for testing the operating condition of a check valve, the check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said apparatus comprising:

transducer means for directing ultrasonic sound waves at and through a check valve casting of a check valve and at a check valve disk, and for receiving reflected ultrasonic sound waves reflected off the check valve disk;

signal conditioning means connected to said transducer means for generating location signals which represent relative positions of the check valve disk within the check valve chamber;

accelerometer means for monitoring acoustic emissions from the check valve and generating emission signals which represent the monitored acoustic emissions;

control means connected to said signal conditioning means and to said accelerometer means for receiving the location signals and the emission signals and for calculating test data from the location signals and the emission signals.

19. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein said signal conditioning means includes, at least, a distinguishing means for identifying the reflected ultrasonic sound wave reflected off the check valve disk, said distinguishing means including, at least, a gate means for suppressing signals below a predetermined minimum energy level and a delay means for suppressing signals received within a predetermined initial time period.

20. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein said signal conditioning means includes, at least, a timer means for counting the lapsed time between the directing of each ultrasonic wave and the receiving of the resulting reflected wave reflected of the check valve disk.

21. Testing apparatus of claim 20, wherein said signal conditioning means further includes, at least, a distance means connected to said timer means for calculating from each amount of lapsed time and a predetermined, medium specific, sound propagation speed, the relative location of the check valve disk within the check valve chamber.

22. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein said accelerometer means includes, at least, a plurality of accelerometers.

23. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein the location signals generated by said signal conditioning means define analog signals, and wherein said control means includes, at least, an analog-to-digital means for converting the analog location signals into digital location signals.

24. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein the emission signals generated by said accelerometer means define weak analog emission signals, and wherein said control means includes, at least, an amplifier means for amplifying the weak analog emission signals and producing strong analog emission signals.

25. Testing apparatus of claim 24, wherein said control means further includes, at least, an analog-to-digital means connected to said amplifier means for converting the strong analog emission signals into digital emission signals.

26. Testing apparatus of claim 25, wherein said control means further includes, at least, a digital signal processing means connected to said analog-to-digital means for processing the digital emission signals.

27. Testing apparatus of claim 18, wherein said control means further includes, at least, a central processing unit connected to a digital storage device.

28. Testing apparatus for testing the operating condition of a check valve, the check valve including a movable check valve disk positioned in a check valve chamber defined by a check valve casting, said apparatus comprising:

transducer means for directing ultrasonic sound waves at and through a check valve casting of a check valve and at a check valve disk, and for receiving reflected ultrasonic sound waves reflected off the check valve disk;

signal conditioning means connected to said transducer means for generating analog location signals which represent relative positions of the check valve disk within the check valve chamber, said signal conditioning means including, at least,

a distinguishing means for identifying the reflected ultrasonic sound wave reflected off the check valve disk, said distinguishing means including, at least,

a gate means for suppressing signals below a predetermined minimum energy level and

a delay means for suppressing signals received within a predetermined initial time period,

a timer means for counting the lapsed time between the directing of each ultrasonic wave and the receiving of the resulting reflected wave reflected of the check valve disk, and

a distance means connected to said timer means for calculating from each amount of lapsed time and from a predetermined, medium specific, sound propagation speed, the relative location of the check valve disk within the check valve chamber;

accelerometer means for monitoring acoustic emissions from the check valve and generating weak emission signals which represent the monitored acoustic emissions, said accelerometer means including, at least, a plurality of accelerometers;

control means connected to said signal conditioning means and to said accelerometer means for receiving the location signals and the emission signals and for calculating test data from the location signals and the emission signals, said control means including, at least,

a location analog-to-digital means for converting the analog location signals into digital location signals,

an amplifier means for amplifying the weak analog emission signals and producing strong analog emission signals,

an emission analog-to-digital means connected to said amplifier means for converting the strong analog emission signals into digital emission signals,

a digital signal processing means connected to said emission analog-to-digital means for processing the digital emission signals, and

a central processing unit connected to a digital storage device.