Shaped articles made from thermoplastic polymers

• US 5,154,979 A
• Filed: 03/30/1990
• Issued: 10/13/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: EMS-Patent AG (Emesta Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: EMS-Inventa AG (Emesta Holding AG)
• Inventors: Gaehwiler, Heinz U., Kerschbaumer, Franz
• Primary Examiner(s): HERBERT JR, THOMAS
• Application Number:
  US07/502,923
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 428/474.4, 428/476.9, 428/483, 428/516, 428/520, 428/421
• US Class Current: 428/476.9
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/00 Joining or sealing of preformed parts , e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor general aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts B29C66/00; using porous material formed by internal pressure generated therein for joining preformed parts B29C44/1228, B29C44/326
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/1142 Single butt to butt joints
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/5261 for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the bars to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/5268 characterised by their solid cross sections being non-circular, e.g. being elliptical, square or rectangular
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/71 characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined welding bar compositions B29C65/125
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/712 the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/7212 characterised by the composition of the fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 66/73921 characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2021/003 Thermoplastic elastomers
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/00 Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/04 Polymers of ethylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/06 PE, i.e. polyethylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/08 Copolymers of ethylene B29K2023/16 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/10 Polymers of propylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/12 PP, i.e. polypropylene
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2023/14 Copolymers of polypropylene B29K2023/16 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2027/12 containing fluorine
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2031/04 Polymers of vinyl acetate, e.g. PVAc, i.e. polyvinyl acetate
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2033/08 Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2033/12 Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2059/00 : Use of polyacetals , e.g. POM, i.e. polyoxymethylene or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2067/00 : Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2077/00 : Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2096/02 : Graft polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2307/04 : Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2309/08 : Glass
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 23/02 : not modified by chemical after-treatment
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2666/04 : Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2666/20 : Macromolecular compounds having nitrogen in the main chain according to C08L75/00 - C08L79/00; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2666/24 : Graft or block copolymers according to groups C08L51/00, C08L53/00 or C08L55/02; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 77/00 : Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of polyhydrazides C08L79/06; of polyamideimides or polyamide acids C08L79/08; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31757 : Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31797 : Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31913 : Monoolefin polymer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31928 : Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Abstract

An article consisting of a base and one or more attachments thereto. The base is made of one thermoplastic polymer and the attachment is made of a second thermoplastic polymer which is at least partially incompatible with the first polymer. Either the first or second polymer contains 5 to 75% by weight of a third polymer which is an olefinic polymer having functional groups thereon. Either of the first two polymers may contain up to 90% of the usual additives. This enables the production of such articles with high interface strength.

Claims

1. A shaped article comprising a base and at least one portion adhered thereto, said base being of a first thermoplastic polymer, said portion being formed by injection welding and made of a second thermoplastic polymer at least partially incompatible with said first polymer, said portion being connected to said base at least one interface, at least one of said first polymer and said second polymer forming a mixture with 5 to 75% by weight, based on said mixture, of a third polymer which is an olefin homopolymer and/or copolymer, having functional groups thereon, whereby each polymer may contain up to 90% of additives.

2. The article of claim 1 wherein said first polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6;

polyamide 6,6;

polyamide 11, polyamide 12;

polyamide 6, 9;

polyamide 6, 10;

polyamide 6, 12;

polyamide 12, 12; and

mixtures thereof.

3. The article of claim 1 wherein said second polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylenes, polypropylenes, and mixtures thereof.

4. The article of claim 1 wherein said first polymer and said second polymer are selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polymerized fluorinated hydrocarbons, polyoxymethylenes, polyacetals, copolymers thereof, and blends thereof.

5. The article of claim 1 wherein said additives are selected from the group consisting of plasticizers, impact resistance modifiers, elastomeric polyamides, processing aids, heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, flame resistance agents, pigments, glass fibers, glass beads, mineral fillers, carbon fibers, and mixtures thereof.

6. The article of claim 1 wherein said functional groups are grafted on said third polymer.

7. The article of claim 1 wherein said functional groups are polymerized in said third polymer.

8. The article of claim 1 wherein said mixture is of said third polymer with said second polymer.

9. The article of claim 1 wherein said mixture is of said third polymer with said first polymer and of said third polymer with said second polymer.

10. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer is 35 to 50% by weight based on said first or second polymer.

11. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer is derived from monomers selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, vinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.

12. The article of claim 1 wherein said second polymer is a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, a copolyolefin, or a blend thereof.

13. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer is a homopolymer of at least one olefin having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.

14. The article of claim 13 wherein said olefin is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, and mixtures thereof.

15. The article of claim 1 wherein said olefin is an α

-olefin.

16. The article of claim 15 wherein said third polymer is a copolymer with a monomer selected from the group consisting of maleic acid anhydride, acrylic acid, acrylic acid ester, fumaric acid, vinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.

17. The article of claim 15 wherein said third polymer is a copolymer of ethylene with at least one higher α

-olefin.

18. The article of claim 17 wherein said higher α

-olefin is selected from the group consisting of propylene, butene, hexene, octene, and mixtures thereof.

19. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer has a melt index, at 91°

C., of 0.1 to 30 g/10 minutes.

20. The article of claim 19 wherein said melt index is 0.4 to 4.0 g/10 minutes.

21. The article of claim 1 wherein said functional groups are capable of reacting with hydroxyl groups or amino groups.

22. The article of claim 21 wherein said functional groups are acidic.

23. The article of claim 22 wherein said functional groups are carboxyl or acid anhydride.

24. The article of claim 1 wherein said first polymer is a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyamide, a copolyamide, and a blend thereof.

25. The article of claim 24 wherein said additive is in said first polymer.

26. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer has 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, based on said third polymer, of said functional groups.

27. The article of claim 26 wherein said third polymer has 0.3 to 3.0% by weight, based on said third polymer, of said functional groups.

28. The article of claim 1 wherein said mixture is of said third polymer with said first polymer.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein said third polymer is intimately mixed with said first polymer and/or said second polymer.

30. A method of making the article of claim 1 comprising forming said base and injection welding or extruding said portion attachment thereon.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein said first polymer is a polyamide and said second polymer is a polyolefin.

32. The article of claim 1 wherein said third polymer is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene having a propylene content of 15 to 40% by weight and acrylic acid and/or maleic acid anhydride are said functional groups.

33. The article of claim 32 wherein said functional groups are at least partially neutralized by cations.

34. The article of claim 33 wherein said cations are Na⁺ or Zn⁺⁺.

35. The article of claim 33 wherein said cations are 0 to 10% by weight of said third polymer.

36. The article of claim 35 wherein said cations are 0.1 to 5% by weight based on said third polymer.