Radio antennas
First Claim
1. A radio antenna in which electromagnetic waves are radiated from a small volume comprising two separate element systems, one of said systems being excited for producing a high frequency electric field, and the other of said systems being excited for producing a high frequency magnetic field, separate feeder means driving each of said elements systems, each of said element systems being positioned in adjacent interactive relationship to cross stress a common interaction zone of both said fields to create a source from which electromagnetic waves radiate, the element system in which said electric field is originated including means for establishing a radio frequency potential difference across an interaction zone between two conducting surfaces and in which the element system for establishing the magnetic field includes two other second conducting surfaces for establishing an intense radio frequency displacement current, and means for applying a radio frequency potential difference of said same frequency between the said second surfaces for establishing an intense circulating magnetic field and causing a significant portion of the circulating magnetic field to cross said interaction zone.
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Abstract
An antenna for a wide bandwidth electromagnetic field polarized in a predetermined direction at right angles to the field propagation direction includes plural metal elements that are not resonant in the bandwidth. The metal elements are excited to transduce an electric field in the polarization direction over the bandwidth range. The plural elements have an extent in the polarization direction no greater than an order of magnitude of the shortest wave length in the bandwidth. A structure between the element, which may be either a coil or parallel electrodes which derive a displacement current, transduces a magnetic field having lines of flux at right angles to the polarization and propagation directions. The electric and magnetic fields are excited by power from the same source with phases so that in an interaction region of the field between a pair of the metal elements there is E×H synchronism and a radiation Poynting vector having rotational E and H fields to transduce the electromagnetic field.
112 Citations
36 Claims
- 1. A radio antenna in which electromagnetic waves are radiated from a small volume comprising two separate element systems, one of said systems being excited for producing a high frequency electric field, and the other of said systems being excited for producing a high frequency magnetic field, separate feeder means driving each of said elements systems, each of said element systems being positioned in adjacent interactive relationship to cross stress a common interaction zone of both said fields to create a source from which electromagnetic waves radiate, the element system in which said electric field is originated including means for establishing a radio frequency potential difference across an interaction zone between two conducting surfaces and in which the element system for establishing the magnetic field includes two other second conducting surfaces for establishing an intense radio frequency displacement current, and means for applying a radio frequency potential difference of said same frequency between the said second surfaces for establishing an intense circulating magnetic field and causing a significant portion of the circulating magnetic field to cross said interaction zone.
- 7. A antenna comprising a first set of at least two spaced elements defining surfaces lying in end to end relationship with each other, means for feeding radio frequency power to the set of elements for producing an E-field between the set of elements, a second set of at lest two spaced elements defining surfaces in face to face parallel planes, means for feeding radio frequency power to produce a displacement current between the second set of spaced elements for producing an H field around the second set, the first and second spaced elements and the means for feeding being arranged such that there is interactive coupling between said E-field and said H-field to produce a propagating electromagnetic radio wave.
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14. An antenna for an electromagnetic field polarized in a predetermined direction at right angles to the field propagation direction, the field having a wide bandwidth range, the antenna comprising plural metal first elements that are not resonant in said bandwidth range excited to transduce an electric field in said polarization direction over said bandwidth range, said plural elements having an extent in the polarization direction no greater than an order of magnitude less than the shortest wavelength in the wide bandwidth range, means between said elements excited for transducing a magnetic field having lines of flux between said elements at right angles to the polarization and propagation directions, said elements and means being arranged and said electric and magnetic fields being excited by power from the same source with phases so that there is an interaction region of said fields between a pair of said metal elements to provide E×
- H synchronism and a radiation Poynting vector having rotational E and H fields to transduce said electromagnetic field, said elements including first and second metal plates having spaced planar faces substantially at right angles to the electric field, means for exciting the plates with voltages displaced in phase by 180°
so the electric field is established between said planar faces, a coil disposed between said plates and having windings positioned to excite said lines of flux, and means for exciting said coil with current from the same source which excites the plates with a current displaced in phase by 90°
relative to the voltages which excite the plates. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
- H synchronism and a radiation Poynting vector having rotational E and H fields to transduce said electromagnetic field, said elements including first and second metal plates having spaced planar faces substantially at right angles to the electric field, means for exciting the plates with voltages displaced in phase by 180°
Specification