Bearing for use in high resolution precision control device

• US 5,157,296 A
• Filed: 12/20/1990
• Issued: 10/20/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Trumper, David L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): HASZKO, DENNIS
• Application Number:
  US07/632,965
• Time in Patent Office: 670 Days
• Field of Search: 310/90.5, 310/67 R, 310/181, 33/1 M, 33/573, 33/DIG. 1, 318/592, 318/593, 318/649, 324/207.23, 324/207.15, 324/207.24, 324/207.26, 324/662, 324/158 F
• US Class Current: 310/90.5
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 29/00 Bearings for parts moving only linearly F16C32/06 takes precedence; incorporated in flexible shafts F16C1/28 ; parts of bearings in general and special methods for making bearings or parts thereof in general F16C33/00
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 32/0444 Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 32/0472 for linear movement
• CPC Class Codes: F16C 33/1035 by a magnetic field acting on a magnetic liquid
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 5/0004 Supports G01B5/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 7/003 for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination coordinate measuring G01B7/004
• CPC Class Codes: G03F 7/70816 Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: G12B 5/00 Adjusting position or attitude, e.g. level, of instruments or other apparatus, or of parts thereof levels per se G01C9/00; Compensating for the effects of tilting or acceleration, e.g. for optical apparatus

Abstract

A magnetic bearing is provided which may be utilized in a fine position control or movement system. Stability is enhanced by providing separate mechanisms for supporting the weight of a platen or other object being controlled with electromagnets utilized to control or compensate for motion of the platen in N degrees of freedom. The support mechanism is preferably one or more permanent magnets having an air gap with the platen which is greater than the air gap for the electromagnets. The mechanisms for supporting the weight of the platen may be made adjustable so as to support the weight of the platen regardless of any changes in such weight by, for example, adjusting the air gap for the permanent magnet to compensate for weight changes. Resonant vibration is reduced by constructing the platen of a hollowed, cellular structure, for example, a honeycomb structure.

Claims

1. A bearing comprising:

a platen having an effective weight which is selectively changed within a predetermined range;

a frame in which said platen is positioned; and

means for suspending said platen in a predetermined position in said frame, the suspending means including means for carrying substantially all of the effective weight of the platen without external energy input during normal non-transitional operation, means for selectively altering the means for carrying in response to changes within said range in the effective weight of the platen, electromagnet means for controlling the position of the platen in the frame with N degrees of freedom, where N is an integer of at least one, means for detecting the position of the platen in the frame in said N degrees of freedom, and means responsive to the detection by the detecting means of a movement by the platen from the determined position for selectively energizing said electromagnet means to restore the platen to the predetermined position, said means for selectively energizing applying a current of selected magnitude to selected electromagnet means to restore the platen, said means for selectively altering being responsive to the selected electromagnet means to which a current is applied being electromagnet means carrying the effective weight of the platen for altering said means for carrying in a manner to zero out said current.

2. A bearing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means for selectively altering is operative only for sustained current to the electromagnet means carrying the effective weight.

3. A bearing comprising:

a platen having an effective weight which is selectively changed within a predetermined range;

a frame in which said platen is positioned; and

means for suspending said platen in a predetermined position in said frame, the suspending means including a fluid having a higher average density than said platen on which said platen is floated to support substantially all of the effective weight of the platen without external energy input during normal non-transitional operation, means for changing the level of said fluid to compensate for changes in effective platen weight within said range, means for controlling the position of the platen in the frame with N degrees of freedom, where N is an integer of at least one, means for detecting the position of the platen in the frame in said N degrees of freedom, and means responsive to the detection by the detecting means of a movement by the platen from the determined position for selectively energizing said means for controlling to restore the platen to the predetermined position.

4. A bearing as claimed in claim 3 wherein said fluid is a ferrofluid, wherein said means for controlling are electromagnet means, and including ferrofluid between each electromagnet means and the platen, the quantity of said ferrofluid being altered when the electromagnet is energized to effect movement of the platen in a desired direction.