Apparatus and process for active pulse intensity control of laser beam

• US 5,157,676 A
• Filed: 06/19/1990
• Issued: 10/20/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: United States Department of Energy
• Original Assignee: United States Department of Energy
• Inventors: Wilcox, Russell B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps, Georgia Y.
• Application Number:
  US07/540,237
• Time in Patent Office: 854 Days
• Field of Search: 372/25, 372/30, 372/29, 372/31, 372/38
• US Class Current: 372/29.021
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 3/005 Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping shaping laser beam for working metal or other materials B23K26/06; optical elements, systems or apparatus in general G02B

Abstract

An optically controlled laser pulse energy control apparatus and process is disclosed wherein variations in the energy of a portion of the laser beam are used to vary the resistance of a photodetector such as a photoresistor through which a control voltage is fed to a light intensity controlling device through which a second portion of the laser beam passes. Light attenuation means are provided to vary the intensity of the laser light used to control the resistance of the photodetector. An optical delay path is provided through which the second portion of the beam travels before reaching the light intensity controlling device. The control voltage is supplied by a variable power supply. The apparatus may be tuned to properly attenuate the laser beam passing through the intensity controlling device by adjusting the power supply, the optical delay path, or the light attenuating means.

Claims

1. An optically controlled laser beam pulse energy regulation apparatus for a pulsed laser beam comprising:

(a) photodetection means;

(b) means for directing a first portion of said pulsed laser beam onto said photodetection means to vary the resistance of said photodetection means in proportion to the energy of said beam;

(c) light intensity controlling means through which a second portion of said pulsed laser beam passes;

(d) means for integrating the beam energy incident on said photodetection means to generate a control voltage proportional to the beam energy to said light intensity controlling means; and

(e) optical delay means through which said second portion of said laser beam passes before entering said light controlling means;

whereby a control voltage is applied to said light intensity controlling means which is proportional to the amount of light energy striking said photodetection means.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first portion of said laser beam passes through light attenuation means before striking said photodetection means.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said optical delay means is an optical path of adjustable length.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said means for passing a control voltage through said photodetection means to said light intensity controlling means further includes a variable voltage power supply.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said photodetection means further comprise a photoresistor.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said photoresistor is a silicon photoresistor.

7. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said means for passing a control voltage through said photodetection means to said light intensity controlling means further includes a pulsed variable voltage power supply.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said photodetection means further comprise a silicon semiconductor photoresistor.

9. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said apparatus is tuned to synchronize the response of said light intensity controlling means to said control voltage to vary the energy of the laser beam passing through said light intensity controlling means by one or more of said light attenuation means, said optical delay means, or said variable power supply.

10. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said means for directing said first portion of said laser beam to said photodetection means comprises a beam splitter.

11. An optically controlled laser beam pulse energy regulation apparatus for a pulsed laser beam comprising:

(a) photodetection means;

(b) beam splitter means for directing a first portion of said pulsed laser beam onto said photodetection means to vary the resistance of said photodetection means in proportion to the intensity of said beam;

(c) light attenuation means through which said first portion of said pulsed laser beam passes before striking said photodetection means;

(d) light intensity controlling means through which a second portion of said pulsed laser beam passes;

(e) an optical delay line through which said second portion of said laser beam passes before entering said light intensity controlling means;

(f) means including a variable voltage power supply for passing a control voltage through said photodetection means to said light intensity controlling means;

whereby a control voltage is applied to said light intensity controlling means which is proportional to the amount of light striking said photodetection means to thereby change the energy of the laser beam passing through said light intensity controlling means and said apparatus may be tuned to vary the energy of the laser beam passing through said light intensity controlling means by one or more of said light attenuation means, said optical delay line, or said variable power supply.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said light intensity controlling means is selected from the class consisting of a Pockels cell, a Kerr cell, a waveguide electrooptic modulator, and an electroabsorptive cell.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said light intensity controlling means comprises a Pockels cell.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said photodetection means comprises a photoresistor.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said photoresistor is a silicon photoresistor.

16. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said power supply is a pulsed power supply and said photoresistor is a semiconductor photoresistor.

17. A process for optically controlling the energy of a pulsed laser beam comprising:

(a) providing a photoresistor;

(b) directing a first portion of said pulsed laser beam onto said photoresistor to vary the resistance of said photoresistor in proportion to the energy of said beam;

(c) directing a second portion of said pulsed laser beam toward a light intensity controlling means;

(d) producing a control voltage proportional to integrated beam energy incident on said photoresistor and applying the control voltage to said light intensity controlling means; and

(e) optically delaying said second portion of said pulsed laser beam before entering said light intensity controlling means;

whereby said control voltage applied to said light intensity controlling means is proportional to the amount of integrated light energy directed onto said photoresistor.

18. The process of claim 17 including the further step of passing said first portion of said laser beam through light attenuation means before reaching said photoresistor.

19. The process of claim 18 wherein the step of optically delaying is performed by passing said second portion to said laser beam through an optical delay path of adjustable length.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 including the step of supplying said control voltage to said photoresistor from a variable voltage power supply.

21. The process of claim 20 including the further step of tuning said apparatus to vary the energy of said laser beam passing through said light intensity controlling means by adjusting one or more of said light attenuation means, said optical delay line, or said variable voltage power supply.