Automatic length-reducing audio delay line

• US 5,157,728 A
• Filed: 10/01/1990
• Issued: 10/20/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Reed, John D., Schorman, Eric R.
• Primary Examiner(s): KEMENY, EMANUEL
• Application Number:
  US07/592,001
• Time in Patent Office: 750 Days
• Field of Search: 381/31-33, 381/46
• US Class Current: 704/502
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/04 Time compression or expansion
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 2250/74 with voice recognition means voice activated dialling H04M1/271; voice recognition algorithms G10L15/00

Abstract

An electronic system and a method substantially eliminates any delays caused by buffering of a signal containing speech. The electronic system comprises a receiver for receiving signals, a buffer, coupled to the receiver, a buffer controller coupled to the buffer, and an audio section for presenting signals received to a listener. The method comprises the following steps. The receiver receives an input signal representing speech, and produces an output signal representing the input signal after a delay intentionally introduced in the system. The delay corresponds to the length of the buffer. The buffer stores the input signal in the buffer at an input rate, and produces the output signal at an output rate. The buffer controller determines whether the delay or buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold, and analyzes at least a portion of the input signal stored in the buffer to determine which parts of the input signal may be removed without substantial deterioration of the signal quality according to at least one predetermined criterion, when the buffer length is greater than a predetermined length. The buffer controller then deletes at least some of the parts of the input signal stored in the buffer that comply with the predetermined criterion.

Claims

1. In an electronic system comprising a buffer having an input for receiving an input signal and an output for providing an output signal representing the input signal after a delay corresponding to a buffer length of the buffer, and a buffer controller coupled to the buffer, a method for substantially eliminating any delays in providing the output signal, comprising the steps of:

with the buffer;

(a) storing the input signal in the buffer at an input rate;

(b) producing the output signal at an output rate;

with the buffer controller;

(c) determining whether the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold;

(d) analyzing at least a portion of the input signal stored in the buffer to determine which parts of the input signal can be removed from the input signal without significant loss of quality, when the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold; and

(e) deleting at least some of the parts of the input signal stored in the buffer that can be removed from the input signal without significant loss of quality, thus decreasing the length of the delay in providing the output signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein step (e) further comprises deleting at least some parts of the input signal stored having an energy magnitude which is less than a predetermined energy level.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (e) further comprises determining whether the parts to be deleted correspond to a pitch period in the speech represented by the input signal, and the method further comprises the buffer controller steps of:

(c

     1) comparing a portion of the input signal stored in the buffer to plurality of portions of the input signal previously stored in the buffer and determining the pitch period based on the comparison; and

(c

     2) deleting at least part of the pitch period determined in step (c

     1), when the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(f) filtering the output signal to remove undesired components produced by deleting the parts of the input signal stored in the buffer.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:

(f) causing the output rate to be greater than the input rate.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the output rate is at most ten percent greater than the input rate.

7. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of:

(f) causing the output rate to be greater than the input rate, when the portions of the input signal in the buffer representing a pitch period are less than a threshold number.

8. The method of claim 3 wherein step (c 1) comprises performing a correlation function.

9. The method of claim 3, further comprising the step of:

(f) causing the output rate to be greater than the input rate, when it is determined that there are not any parts of the input signal that can be removed without significant loss of quality.

10. An electronic system comprising:

a buffer for storing an input signal, at an input rate, and for producing an output signal representing the input signal, after a delay corresponding to a buffer length, the output signal being produced at an output rate;

a buffer controller coupled to the buffer, the buffer controller comprising;

means for determining whether the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold;

means for analyzing at least a portion of the input signal stored in the buffer to determine which parts of the input signal have a magnitude lesser than a predetermined energy level, when the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold; and

means for deleting at least some of the parts of the input signal stored in the buffer having a magnitude lesser than the predetermined energy level, thus decreasing the length of the delay in providing the output signal.

11. The electronic system of claim 10, further comprising:

a receiver, coupled to the input of the buffer, and having an input for receiving an information signal representing speech, and for providing the input signal representing the information signal to the buffer.

12. The electronic system of claim 10, further comprising:

a transmitter, coupled to the output of the buffer, and having an input for receiving the output signal and an output for transmitting the output signal.

13. The electronic system of claim 11, further comprising:

an audio section for presenting audio signals, representing the output signal, to a listener.

14. The electronic system of claim 11, further comprising:

a analog-to-digital converter, disposed between the receiver and the buffer.

15. The electronic system of claim 11, further comprising:

a digital-to-analog converter, disposed between the buffer and the audio section.

16. The electronic system of claim 11, further comprising:

a filter for filtering the information signal to remove undesired components produced by deleting parts of the information signal representing speech.

17. The electronic system of claim 11 wherein the buffer controller comprises:

means for sampling parts of the stored signal contiguous to the parts deleted; and

means for eliminating discontinuities in the signal stored in the buffer formed by removal of the parts deleted.

18. An electronic device comprising:

a buffer for storing an input signal, at an input rate, and for producing an output signal representing the input signal, after a delay corresponding to a buffer length, the output signal being produced at an output rate;

a buffer controller coupled to the buffer, the buffer controller comprising;

means for determining whether the current buffer length is greater than a predetermined threshold;

comparison means for comparing a portion of the input signal stored in the buffer to plurality of portions of the input signal previously stored in the buffer and determining a pitch period based on the comparison;

analyzer means for analyzing the pitch period determined by the comparison means, when the buffer controller determines that the current buffer length is greater than the predetermined threshold; and

means for deleting at least some of the pitch periods of the signal to produce the output signal, thus decreasing the length of the delay in providing the output signal.

19. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

a receiver, coupled to the input of the buffer, and having an input for receiving an information signal representing speech, and for providing the input signal representing the information signal to the buffer.

20. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

a transmitter, coupled to the output of the buffer, and having an input for receiving the output signal and an output for transmitting the output signal.

21. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

an audio section for presenting audio signals, representing the output signal, to a listener.

22. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

an analog-to-digital converter, disposed between the receiver and the buffer.

23. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

a digital-to-analog converter, disposed between the buffer and the audio section.

24. The electronic system of claim 18, further comprising:

a filter for filtering the information signal to remove undesired components produced by deleting parts of the information signal representing speech.

25. The electronic system of claim 18 wherein the buffer controller comprises:

means for sampling parts of the stored signal contiguous to the parts deleted; and

means for eliminating discontinuities in the signal stored in the buffer formed by removal of the parts deleted.