Combined cardiotomy/venous/pleural drainage autotransfusion unit with filter and integral manometer and water seal

• US 5,158,533 A
• Filed: 03/26/1991
• Issued: 10/27/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Gish Biomedical, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Gish Biomedical, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Inventors: Strauss, Brian, Brown, Jack
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafer, Robert A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/676,753
• Time in Patent Office: 581 Days
• Field of Search: 604/4-6, 604/319, 604/321, 128/DIG. 3, 422/46-48, 210/256
• US Class Current: 604/6.09
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3627 Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3632 Combined venous-cardiotomy reservoirs

Abstract

A combined cardiotomy and venous reservoir with filtration for autotransfusion of cardiotomy blood and venous blood during surgery and for postoperative wound site pleural drainage of shed blood for continued autotransfusion using the same unit. Vacuum regulation in the form of a manometer combined with a water seal are integral with the unit.

Claims

1. A combination cardiotomy reservoir, venous reservoir, and pleural drainage unit having a vacuum regulating system therein for autotransfusion comprising:

a single vessel having a top, a bottom, and sidewalls formed of a material which resists collapse under the application interiorly of a vacuum under the conditions of use;

said vessel being divided interiorly into a plurality of chambers, at least one chamber being adapted for use as a cardiotomy reservoir, at least one chamber being adapted for use as a venous reservoir, and at least one chamber which is separate from said cardiotomy and venous reservoir chambers being adapted for use as a vacuum regulating system;

a plurality of ports within said vessel for the introduction and withdrawal of fluids including at least one inlet port for blood and body fluids which is in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir chamber, at least one inlet port for blood and body fluids which is in communication with said venous reservoir chamber, at least one outlet port for blood which is in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and said venous reservoir chamber, and at least one port in communication with said vacuum regulating system for the application of a vacuum; and

,

filtration means for body fluids disposed within said vessel between said at least one inlet port for blood and body fluids for said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and said at least one outlet port for blood so that body fluids entering said cardiotomy reservoir chamber must pass through said filtration means before exiting through said at least one outlet port for blood.

2. A unit as claimed in claim 1 wherein said vacuum regulating chamber includes a liquid seal and a balanced column of liquid to provide a specific control vacuum to the unit upon the application of a vacuum to said at least one port in communication with said vacuum regulating system.

3. A unit as claimed in claim 2 wherein said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and said venous reservoir chamber are provided with a foam blood defoamer for body fluids which is in fluid connection with said at least one outlet port for blood;

and,

filtration means for body fluids disposed within said vessel between said at least one inlet port for said venous reservoir chamber and said at least one outlet port for blood so that body fluids entering said venous reservoir chamber must pass through said filtration means before exiting through said at least one outlet port for blood.

4. The unit as claimed in claim 3 wherein said foam blood defoamer includes a support grid for said foam defoamer and said filtration means in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir includes a pleated filter.

5. A combination cardiotomy reservoir, venous reservoir, pleural drainage reservoir for autotransfusion containing an integral vacuum regulation system comprising a non-collapsible top and bottom joined by non-collapsible sidewalls, said unit being structured and arranged so that said unit includes at least one cardiotomy reservoir chamber which receives cardiotomy blood directly within the walls, at least one venous reservoir chamber which receives body fluids directly within its walls and at least one reservoir separate from said cardiotomy and venous reservoir chambers for use as a vacuum regulating system comprising:

a plurality of ports within said unit including at least one inlet port connected to said cardiotomy reservoir to which a tube can be connected for receipt of draining fluids from the body of a patient or for receipt of fluids for cardiotomy functions;

at least one inlet port to which a tube can be connected for receipt of venous blood from the body of a patient;

at least one outlet port connected to said unit which is in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir and said venous reservoir for connection to a pump for the withdrawal of fluids from said unit and delivery back to a patient in order to provide autotransfusion, or to a drain;

a vacuum regulating system enclosed within said non-collapsible unit and occupying said at least one reservoir for use as a vacuum regulating system and including a vacuum regulating chamber and a liquid seal chamber;

at least one inlet port in communication with said liquid seal chamber and said vacuum regulating chamber for connection to a vacuum whereby said liquid seal chamber and said vacuum regulating chamber can be filled with liquid to a given level and, upon application of a vacuum, provide a controlled vacuum within said unit for removal of body fluids from a patient under a controlled vacuum; and

,

filtration means interposed between said inlet to said cardiotomy reservoir and said outlet from said unit and filtration means interposed between said inlet for said venous reservoir and said outlet from said unit for filtration of body fluids received within said cardiotomy chamber and said venous reservoir chamber.

6. The unit as claimed in claim 5 wherein said venous reservoir has a top and a bottom and wherein said at least one inlet port for said venous reservoir is in communication with the top of said venous reservoir chamber.

7. The unit as claimed in claim 5 wherein said cardiotomy reservoir chamber has a top and a bottom and sidewalls and wherein there further comprises flow directing means disposed between said inlet to said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and the top of said cardiotomy reservoir chamber so that blood entering said cardiotomy reservoir chamber is directed to the walls of said cardiotomy chamber.

8. The unit as claimed in claim 5 wherein said cardiotomy reservoir chamber overlies and is contiguous with said venous reservoir chamber, and said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and said venous reservoir chamber are disposed axially within said unit.

9. The unit as claimed in claim 8 wherein said cardiotomy respective filtration means, so that the respective sidewalls of said cardiotomy chamber and the sidewalls of said venous chamber are formed by said filtration means to form a hollow receptacle into which body fluid from said respective inlet ports are introduced.

10. The unit as claimed in claim 9 further comprising foam blood defoaming means supported by a support means which is in fluid communication with said cardiotomy reservoir and with said venous reservoir chamber so that body fluids passing through the respective chambers also pass through said defoaming means.

11. The unit as claimed in claim 9 further comprising flow direction means disposed within said venous reservoir chamber to direct blood entering said chamber to the walls of said chamber.

12. The unit as claimed in claim 5 further comprising a separate inlet port into said cardiotomy reservoir for cardiotomy functions and a second separate inlet port into said cardiotomy reservoir for pleural drainage usage.

13. A combination cardiotomy reservoir, venous reservoir, pleural drainage reservoir for autotransfusion containing an integral vacuum regulation system comprising a non-collapsible top and bottom joined by non-collapsible sidewalls, said unit being structured and arranged so that said unit includes at least one cardiotomy reservoir chamber which receives cardiotomy blood directly within the walls, at least one venous reservoir chamber which receives body fluids directly within its walls and at least one reservoir separate from said cardiotomy and venous reservoir chambers for use as a vacuum regulating system comprising:

a plurality of ports within said unit including at least one inlet port connected to said cardiotomy reservoir to which a tube can be connected for receipt of draining fluids from the body of a patient or for receipt of fluids for cardiotomy functions;

at least one inlet port to which a tube can be connected for receipt of venous blood from the body of a patient;

at least one outlet port connected to said unit which is in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir and said venous reservoir for connection to a pump for the withdrawal of fluids from said unit and delivery back to a patient in order to provide autotransfusion, or to a drain;

a vacuum regulating system enclosed within said non-collapsible unit and occupying said at least one reservoir for use as a vacuum regulating system and including a vacuum regulating chamber and a liquid seal chamber;

an elongated conduit within said liquid seal chamber;

connection means connected to said elongated conduit;

a through port with connection means in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir chamber adapted for connection to said connection means on said elongated conduit within said liquid seal chamber;

connection means in communication with said liquid seal chamber and said vacuum regulation chamber for applying a vacuum thereto;

at least one inlet port in communication with said liquid seal chamber and said vacuum regulating chamber for connection to a vacuum whereby said liquid seal chamber and said vacuum regulating chamber can be filled with liquid to a given level and, upon application of a vacuum, provide a controlled vacuum within said unit for removal of body fluids from a patient under a controlled vacuum; and

,

filtration means interposed between said inlet to said cardiotomy reservoir and said outlet from said unit and filtration means interposed between said inlet for said venous reservoir and said outlet from said unit for filtration of body fluids received within said cardiotomy chamber and said venous reservoir chamber.

14. The unit as claimed in claim 13 further comprising;

a baffle between said vacuum regulating chamber and said liquid seal chamber having an opening to allow a vacuum to be applied simultaneously to said vacuum regulating chamber and said liquid seal chamber.

15. A combination cardiotomy reservoir, venous reservoir, and body drainage autotransfusion unit with a vacuum regulating system integrally formed therein comprising:

a non-collapsible canister having an outershell with a cardiotomy reservoir, a venous reservoir, and a vacuum regulating system disposed separately therein;

a bottom portion to said outer shell;

a cap overlying said outershell;

at least one inlet port means for introducing body fluid into said cardiotomy reservoir to provide for pleural drainage and to provide cardiotomy functions for autotransfusion;

at least one inlet port means for introducing venous blood into said venous blood reservoir to provide for autotransfusion of venous blood;

at least one outlet port means disposed within the bottom of said reservoir in communication with said cardiotomy reservoir and with said venous blood reservoir for the removal of fluids from said canister;

filtration means interposed within said cardiotomy reservoir between said at least one inlet port means for said cardiotomy reservoir and said outlet port means for said body fluid;

foam defoaming means interposed within said cardiotomy reservoir between said at least one inlet port means and said outlet port means for said body fluid;

an elongated vacuum regulating chamber within said canister in adjacent relationship to said cardiotomy reservoir and said venous reservoir but separated therefrom by a wall from the internal portions of said canister;

a conduit within said elongated vacuum regulating chamber extending toward the bottom of said chamber having an atmospheric vent connected thereto;

a vacuum connection to said elongated vacuum regulating chamber;

means for connecting said elongated vacuum regulating chamber with the interior of said canister to maintain a vacuum in said canister during body fluid drainage, said vacuum being equivalent to a column of liquid within the elongated chamber; and

,

liquid seal chamber within said canister in adjacent relationship to said cardiotomy reservoir chamber and separated from said vacuum regulating chamber and from the interior of said canister by a wall and which interconnects said vacuum regulating chamber with said canister interior.

16. The combination autotransfusion unit as claimed in claim 15 further comprising flow directing means in communication with said at least one inlet port means for introducing body fluid into said cardiotomy reservoir and which is in fluid communication with said cardiotomy reservoir for direction of flow into said cardiotomy reservoir.

17. The combination autotransfusion unit as claimed in claim 16 wherein said cardiotomy reservoir and said venous reservoir have a substantially cylindrical shape having a crosswise divider which separates said substantially cylindrical shape into an upper cardiotomy chamber and a lower venous chamber and wherein said filtration means for said cardiotomy reservoir is comprised of a pleated microporous screen and said defoaming means is comprised of a foam defoamer with support means.

18. An autotransfusion unit for the collection and intravenous transfusion of cardiotomy blood, venous blood, and pleural drainage fluids having an integrally formed filtration unit and a baffle disposed therein which divides the autotransfusion unit into a separate cardiotomy reservoir, a venous blood reservoir and a filtered blood reservoir and including an integrally formed elongated vacuum regulating system separate from said cardiotomy, venous and filtered blood reservoirs including a liquid seal and a manometer for controlled vacuum regulation of suction within said cardiotomy reservoir for pleural drainage, said autotransfusion unit including a plurality of inlet and outlet ports in fluid communication with said interior reservoirs of said unit for the introduction and withdrawal of blood and body fluids into and out of said cardiotomy reservoir, said venous reservoir, and said filtered collection reservoir as well as for the introduction and withdrawal of liquids from said liquid seal and from said liquid manometer.

19. The autotransfusion unit as claimed in claim 18 wherein said cardiotomy reservoir and said venous reservoir each respectively have a top, a bottom, and sidewalls, and wherein said cardiotomy reservoir is disposed above said venous reservoir and further comprising an inlet port for venous blood disposed in the top of said autotransfusion unit for connection to a non-kinking tube exteriorly of said unit and connected to an interpassageway which passes through said cardiotomy reservoir into the upper portion of said venous reservoir and further including flow directing means disposed in the bottom of said venous reservoir for direction of blood entering said venous reservoir to the walls thereof;

and further comprising flow directing means disposed in the top of said cardiotomy reservoir for flow direction into said cardiotomy reservoir and into contact with the sidewalls thereof;

and wherein said filtered blood collection reservoir is disposed between said cardiotomy and venous reservoir chambers and said outer walls of said canister and has a bottom which slants toward a said body fluid outlet port.

20. The autotransfusion unit according to claim 19 wherein said filtration means within said cardiotomy reservoir is comprised of a pleated microporous filter and includes foam defoaming means in addition to said pleated filter.

21. A method of collecting cardiotomy and venous blood and pleural drainage fluids for autotransfusion functions respectively during and after an operating procedure comprising:

providing an autotransfusion unit for the collection and transfusion of cardiotomy blood and venous blood, and pleural drainage fluids having an integrally formed filtration unit disposed therein and a baffle which divides the autotransfusion unit into a separate cardiotomy reservoir, a venous blood reservoir, and a filtered blood reservoir and including an integrally formed elongated vacuum regulating system separate from said cardiotomy, venous and filtered blood reservoirs including a liquid seal and a manometer for controlled vacuum regulation of suction within said cardiotomy reservoir for pleural drainage, said autotransfusion unit including a plurality of inlet and outlet ports in fluid communication with said interior reservoirs of said unit for the introduction and withdrawal of blood and body fluids into and out of said cardiotomy reservoir, said venous reservoir, and said filtered collection reservoir as well as for the introduction and withdrawal of liquids from said liquid seal and from said liquid manometer;

withdrawing body fluid from a patient during an operating procedure;

delivering said body fluid to said cardiotomy reservoir and then to said filtered blood reservoir through said filtration unit;

delivering venous blood into said venous reservoir and then to said filtered blood reservoir where it is combined with fluids from said cardiotomy blood reservoir;

delivering said fluid from said filtered blood reservoir back to a patient during said operating procedure;

discontinuing withdrawing fluid from a patient and discontinuing delivering fluid to a patient after said operating procedure;

connecting said autotransfusion unit to a vacuum source through said vacuum regulating means;

withdrawing body fluids from a patient during an autotransfusion procedure by said regulated vacuum and delivering said withdrawn body fluids into said cardiotomy reservoir;

delivering said body fluid from said cardiotomy reservoir through said filtration unit to said filtered blood reservoir;

withdrawing said filtered body fluids from said filtered blood reservoir by a positive displacement pump; and

,

pumping said body fluids from said positive displacement pump to a patient to provide autotransfusion.