Multisensor high-resolution camera

• US 5,159,455 A
• Filed: 03/05/1990
• Issued: 10/27/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 03/05/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Imaging Company
• Original Assignee: General Imaging Company
• Inventors: Cox, John D., Fowler, David E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Metjahic, Safet
• Application Number:
  US07/488,957
• Time in Patent Office: 967 Days
• Field of Search: 358/209, 358/213.11, 358/901, 358/225, 358/212, 358/55, 358/41, 358/50, 358/133, 358/87, 358/166, 358/109, 358/204, 358/101, 358/51, 357/24 LR, 357/40, 357/45, 250/208.1
• US Class Current: 348/218.1
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 13/16 for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers , or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/50 Constructional details
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/54 Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/41 Extracting pixel data from a plurality of image sensors simultaneously picking up an image, e.g. for increasing the field of view by combining the outputs of a plurality of sensors
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/2624 for obtaining an image which is composed of whole input images, e.g. splitscreen
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/32 Transforming X-rays cameras or camera modules for generating image signals from X-rays H04N23/30; circuitry of SSIS for transforming X-rays into image signals H04N25/30

Abstract

A multisensor high-resolution camera splices together sub-images obtained from a plurality of fiber bundles and can play back these sub-images as a single composite image in real time. The camera can output the composite image as a single high-resolution analog video image or as a stream of digital data. The camera produces these composite images from the optical sub-images output by tapered or nontapered fiber bundles. A scan converter splices together video signals output from the plurality of video cameras or the multiport video camera/cameras each of which is optically coupled to one of the plurality of fiber bundles. The sensor arrays can also be driven directly. In this case each sensor array is coupled to one of the fiber bundles. The sensor arrays are either multiple single port integrated circuit (IC) sensor arrays such as CCD arrays or multiport (IC) arrays.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a plurality of optic fibers;

a plurality of video sensors connected respectively to said optic fibers, each of which sensors senses a corresponding non overlapping portion of an overall image and each of which outputs a video signal representing a plurality of pixels for its corresponding portion of the image;

means for aligning said video sensors with said optic fibers to produce dead zones in said video signals;

means for receiving said video signals;

means for eliminating said deadzones from said video signals; and

means for concatenating said plurality of pixels from said video signals in a manner to reproduce said overall image in a single picture signal output.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said video signals are synchronized with respect to a system pixel clock.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said video signals are a plurality of analog video signals.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 further comprising a plurality of analog-to-digital converting means for converting said plurality of analog video signals to digital video data.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 wherein said means for concatenating comprises a memory means for storing said digital video data.

6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein said means for concatenating further comprises a plurality of address generator means for generating memory addresses for said digital video data.

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 further comprising a plurality of delay means for delaying onset of memory address generation by a plurality of delay times.

8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 wherein said memory means comprises:

first and second memory buffer means for storing said digital video data according to said memory addresses;

parity select means for controlling the storing of said digital video data into said first and second memory buffer means.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 wherein said means for concatenating comprises means for outputting said digital video data from said memory.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9 wherein said means for outputting comprises means for reading said digital video data from said memory means in a predetermined order.

11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 10 wherein said means for reading comprises:

synch-generator means for generating video timing signals;

global address generator means responsive to said video timing signals for reading said digital video data in a predetermined order and for generating global addresses for said digital video data.

12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 11 further comprising digital-to-analog converter means responsive to said video timing signals for converting said digital video data into a high resolution analog video signal.

13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 further comprising video driver means for driving a display means responsive to said high resolution analog video signal.

14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 including a phosphor in said optic fibers for sensing x-radiation.

15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 further comprising a clamping means for clamping a plurality of reference voltages, said plurality of reference voltages being used as references for said plurality of analog-to-digital converting means.

16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein said plurality of delay times are comprised of a plurality of horizontal and vertical delay times.

17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said sensor is part of a different single port camera.

18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said sensors comprise a multiport camera.

19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein said plurality of delay means comprise user settings wherein varying user settings results in corresponding variations in said plurality of delay times.

20. An apparatus comprising:

timing signal generating means for generating a timing signal;

sensor array mans comprising a plurality of discrete sensor elements responsive to said timing signal for sensing a radiation field and outputting a plurality of sensor signals corresponding to respective portions of said radiation field;

means for converting said plurality of sensor signals to corresponding video data signals;

means for selecting all or part of each of said video data signals as selected data signals;

memory buffer means for storing said selected video data signals as stored video data;

means for sequentially outputting said stored video data signals as an image from said memory buffer means;

at least one bundle of optical fibers, said bundle of optical fibers receiving input radiation at one end and directing said input radiation to said sensor array means; and

wherein said bundle of optical fibers is not tapered.

21. An apparatus comprising:

timing signal generating means for generating a timing signal;

sensor array means comprising a plurality of discrete sensor elements responsive to said timing signal for sensing a radiation field and outputting a plurality of sensor signals corresponding to respective portions of said radiation field;

means for converting said plurality of sensor signals to corresponding video data signals;

means for selecting all or part of each of said video data signals as selected data signals;

memory buffer means for storing said selected video data signals as stored video data;

means for sequentially outputting said stored video data signals as an image from said memory buffer means;

at least one bundle of optical fibers, said bundle of optical fibers receiving input radiation at one end and directing said input radiation to said sensor array means; and

x-ray converting means for converting input x-ray radiation into said input radiation.

22. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein said x-ray converting means is an x-ray sensitive screen.

23. An apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein said x-ray sensitive screen is a phosphor screen.

24. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21 wherein said sensor array is at least one multi-port solid-state sensor array.

25. An apparatus as claimed in claim 21 further comprising a moving fovea circuit which enables a user to output only selected segments of said video data to a video display unit.

26. An apparatus comprising:

timing signal generating means for generating a timing signal;

sensor array means comprising a plurality of discrete sensor elements responsive to said timing signal for sensing a radiation field and outputting a plurality of sensor signals corresponding to respective portions of said radiation field;

means for converting said plurality of sensor signals to corresponding video data signals;

means for selecting all or part of each of said video data signals as selected data signals;

memory buffer means for storing said selected video data signals as stored video data;

means for sequentially outputting said stored video data signals as an image from said memory buffer means; and

at least one bundle of doped optical fibers, said bundle of doped optical fibers comprises

a doped portion and an undoped portion,

said doped portion being doped with an x-ray sensitive material wherein a first radiation is input to said doped portion and absorbed by said x-ray sensitive material, said x-ray sensitive material outputs a second radiation, and

said undoped portion directs said second radiation to said sensor array means.

27. An apparatus as claimed in claim 26 wherein said x-ray sensitive material is comprised of rare earth salts.

28. An apparatus as claimed in claim 26 further comprising a receiving means for receiving outside x-ray radiation and for outputting said outside x-ray radiation as said first radiation.

29. An apparatus as claimed in claim 26 wherein said sensor array means is a plurality of single port solid-state sensor arrays.

30. An apparatus as claimed in claim 29 wherein said plurality of single port solid-state sensor arrays are CCD arrays.

31. An apparatus as claimed in claim 29 wherein said plurality of single port solid-state sensor arrays are MOS arrays.

32. An apparatus as claimed in claim 27 wherein said sensor array means at least one multi-port solid-state sensor array.

33. An apparatus as claimed in claim 32 wherein said multiport solid-state sensor arrays are multiport CCD arrays.

34. An apparatus as claimed in claim 32 wherein said multiport solid-state sensor arrays are multiport MOS arrays.

35. An apparatus as claimed in claim 26 further comprising a moving fovea circuit which enables a user to output only selected segments of said video data to a video display unit.

36. An apparatus comprising:

timing signal generating means for generating a timing signal;

sensor array means comprising a plurality of discrete sensor elements responsive to said timing signal for sensing a radiation field and outputting a plurality of sensor signals corresponding to respective portions of said radiation field;

means for converting said plurality of sensor signals to corresponding video data signals;

means for selecting all or part of each of said video data signals as selected data signals;

memory buffer means for storing said selected video data signals as stored video data;

means for sequentially outputting said stored video data signals as an image from said memory buffer means; and

a moving fovea circuit which enables a user to output only selected segments of said video data to a video display unit.

37. An apparatus comprising:

timing signal generating means for generating a timing signal;

sensor array means comprising a plurality of discrete sensor elements responsive to said timing signal for sensing a radiation field and outputting a plurality of sensor signals corresponding to respective portions of said radiation field;

means for converting said plurality of sensor signals to corresponding video data signals;

means for selecting all or part of each of said video data signals as selected data signals;

memory buffer means for storing said selected video data signals as stored video data;

means for sequentially outputting said stored video data signals as an image from said memory buffer means;

at least one bundle of optical fibers, said bundle of optical fibers receiving input radiation at one end and directing said input radiation to said sensor array means; and

a moving fovea circuit which enables a user to output only selected segments of said video data to a video display unit.

38. A method comprising the steps of:

sensing an overall image using a plurality of optic fibers coupled to a plurality of video sensors, each of which sensors senses a corresponding non overlapping portion of said overall image and outputs a video signal representing a plurality of pixels for its corresponding portion of the image;

aligning said video sensors with said optical fibers to produce dead zones in said video signals;

receiving said video signals;

eliminating said dead zones from said video signals;

concatenating said plurality of pixels from said video signals in a manner to reproduce said overall image in a single picture signal output.