Method and apparatus for creating and controlling nuclear fusion reactions
First Claim
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1. Apparatus of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising:
- a) a plasma, made up of ions and electrons, contained with a core region having a core radius;
b) means for directing said ions and electrons of said plasma to converge toward said core region which includes one of (1) a central axis of a cylindrical system and (2) a center of a generally spherical system;
c) means for recirculation said plasma in generally radial motion outwards from said core region and returning thereto by the action of the directing means on the ions and electrons of the plasma, and;
d) means for enhancing the density of said plasma in the core region so as to increase nuclear fusion reactions by generating ion-acoustic electrostatic waves therein, said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves reducing the collisional mean free path of said ions to dimensions set by the wavelength of the said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves creater therein, thus enhancing density by collision-diffusion trapping of said ions to thereby enhance nuclear fusion reactions.
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Abstract
An apparatus and method of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions utilizes a plasma, made up of ions and electrons, contained within a region, and enhances the density of the plasma using a collision-diffusion compressional enhancement process. Ion acoustic waves generated within a central region of the system permit increased reflection and scattering of ions and thereby reduces their mean free path within the core region to permit greatly increased ions density sufficient to enhance nuclear fusion reactions within the core.
121 Citations
51 Claims
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1. Apparatus of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising:
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a) a plasma, made up of ions and electrons, contained with a core region having a core radius; b) means for directing said ions and electrons of said plasma to converge toward said core region which includes one of (1) a central axis of a cylindrical system and (2) a center of a generally spherical system; c) means for recirculation said plasma in generally radial motion outwards from said core region and returning thereto by the action of the directing means on the ions and electrons of the plasma, and; d) means for enhancing the density of said plasma in the core region so as to increase nuclear fusion reactions by generating ion-acoustic electrostatic waves therein, said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves reducing the collisional mean free path of said ions to dimensions set by the wavelength of the said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves creater therein, thus enhancing density by collision-diffusion trapping of said ions to thereby enhance nuclear fusion reactions. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 50, 51)
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30. A method of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising the steps of:
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a) forming a plasma, made up of ions and electrons, with a core region; b) directing ions and electrons of said plasma to converge toward one of (1) a central axis of a cylindrical system and (2) a center of a generally spherical system; c) recirculation said plasma in generally radial motion outwards from said core region and returning thereto by the action of the directing means on the ions and electrons of the plasma, and; enhancing the density of said plasma in the core region so as to increase fusion reactions by generating ion-acoustic electrostatic waves therein, said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves reducing the collisonal means free path of said ions to dimensions set by the wavelength of the said ion-acoustic electrostatic waves created therein, thus enhancing density by collision-diffusion trapping of said ions to thereby enhance nuclear fusion reactions. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A method of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising the steps of:
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(a) generating a spherically symmetric electrostatic field in a spherical system having a center or a cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field in a cylindrical system having a central axis, (b) producing a plasma of ions and electrons in said spherically symmetric or cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field for accelerating said ions in a radial direction toward the center of said spherical system or the central axis of said cylindrical system, (c) accelerating said ions along said radial paths with a speed and flux density such as to produce ion acoustic waves at a core radius rc wherein the wavelength of said ion acoustic waves is less than rc and such that the ratio of change of the ion acoustic wavelengths with change in radial position of the ions is directly proportional to the ion radial position. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45)
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46. A method of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising the steps of:
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(a) generating a spherically symmetric electrostatic field in a spherical system having a center or a cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field in a cylindrical system having a central axis, (b) producing a plasma of ions and electrons in said spherically symmetric or cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field for accelerating said ions in a radial direction toward the center of said spherical system or the central axis of said cylindrical system, (c) accelerating ions along said radial paths such that their density within said core and their injection power are related such as to fall within the region 1000 of FIG. 7. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48)
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49. A method of enhancing nuclear fusion reactions comprising the steps of:
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(a) generating a spherically symmetric electrostatic field in a spherical system having a center or a cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field in a cylindrical system having a central axis, (b) producing a plasma of ions and electrons in said spherically symmetric or cylindrically symmetric electrostatic field for accelerating said ions in a radial direction toward the center of said spherical system or the central axis of said cylindrical system so as to circulate through a core region having a core radius, (c) accelerating ions along said radial paths such that their density within said core region and their injection power are related such as to satisfy the following two relationships;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">n.sub.c >
(2π
E.sub.w /Z.sup.2 e.sup.2 r.sub.c.sup.2)(a.sub.ij) (1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">P.sub.inj ≧
5.21E-3(a.sub.ij)(E.sub.w.sup.2.5 /Z.sup.2 G.sub.j) (watts) (2)wherein; nc is the ion density at the core radius; Ew is the energy of the ions at the core radius; rc is the critical radius at which ion-acoustic waves are generated; aij is 1 for ion/ion acoustic waves and (mc /mi)0.5 for ion/electron acoustic waves wherein mc and mj are the mass of the electron and ion respectively; Pinj is the ion injection power; Gj is the electron recirculation ratio; and Z is the ionic charge in units of electronic charge e.
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Specification