Point addressable cursor for stereo raster display

• US 5,162,779 A
• Filed: 07/22/1991
• Issued: 11/10/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 07/22/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Cheng, Lawrence, Lumelsky, Leon, Choi, Sung M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Oberley, Alvin E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Liang, Regina
• Application Number:
  US07/733,945
• Time in Patent Office: 477 Days
• Field of Search: 345/119, 345/125, 358/88, 358/90, 340/729, 340/709, 340/706, 340/750, 359/462, 359/464
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04812 Interaction techniques based on cursor appearance or behaviour, e.g. being affected by the presence of displayed objects
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 1/06 using single beam tubes G09G1/26, G09G1/28 take precedence, e.g. three-dimensional or perspective representation, rotation or translation of display pattern, hidden lines, shadows G09G1/28 takes precedence; stereoscopic TV-systems, details thereof H04N13/00; oscilloscopes for three-dimensional representation G01R13/206; vectorscopes G01R13/208
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/08 Cursor circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/122 Improving the 3D impression of stereoscopic images by modifying image signal contents, e.g. by filtering or adding monoscopic depth cues H04N13/128 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/156 Mixing image signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/257 Colour aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/279 the virtual viewpoint locations being selected by the viewers or determined by tracking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/289 Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/324 Colour aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/341 using temporal multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/363 using image projection screens volumetric display H04N13/388

Abstract

A stereoscopic sursor for high-resolution stereoscopic raster display is addressable to any arbitrary point on the display and simulates depth by alternately displaying left and right patterns that are offset from one another in a horizontal (x-axis) direction. Left and right views of the cursor are alternately displayed at the display frame rate, while a shutter mechanism presents the appropriate views to the viewer'"'"'s eyes. To further enhance the perception of depth, monoscopic depth cues are provided by varying the cursor'"'"'s color, size, transparency and/or pattern as the cursor moves in depth.

Claims

1. Apparatus for generating a cursor for use with a visual image that is displayed to a viewer so as to give an illusion of having a width along an x-axis, a height along a y-axis, and a depth along a z-axis, comprising:

first means for storing a first x-axis position of the cursor;

second means for storing a second x-axis position of the cursor, the first x-axis position and the second x-axis position being offset from one another by an amount that is a function of a position of the cursor along the z-axis;

means, having a first input coupled to an output of the first storing means and a second input coupled to an output of the second storing means, for selecting on alternate displayed image frames the first input or the second input to be provided to an output;

third means for storing a y-axis position of the cursor;

fourth means for storing a value that specifies a cursor pattern; and

fifth means for storing, at addressable locations, values that correspond to pixels that represent the selected cursor pattern, the fifth storing means having address inputs coupled to the output signals of the selecting means, to output signals of the third storing means, and to output signals of the fourth storing means for providing to an output a pixel value, the pixel value being read from one of the addressable locations that is specified by a combination of the output signals.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 and further including means, having an input coupled to the output of the fifth storing means, for converting the pixel values output thereby to color values.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2 and further including means, having an input coupled to an output of the converting means, for displaying the colors specified by the color values.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the fifth storing means stores in a plurality of different regions thereof values for representing a plurality of different cursor patterns, a particular one of the regions being selected by the output signals of the fourth storing means.

5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the fifth storing means stores in a plurality of different regions values for representing, for a specific cursor pattern, a plurality of different cursor pattern sizes, a particular one of the regions being selected by the output signals of the fourth storing means.

6. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2 and further comprising means, having a first input coupled to an output of the converting means and a second input coupled to an output of a frame buffer means that stores a visual image, for selecting either the output of the converting means or the output of the frame buffer means.

7. Apparatus as set forth in claim 6 wherein the frame buffer means is interleaved and wherein the apparatus further includes means, having an input coupled to an output of the fifth storing means, for reordering the output of the fifth storing means in accordance with an interleave factor of the frame buffer memory means.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein the reordering means includes a barrel shifter means.

9. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein the fourth means has an input coupled to a source of pixel pattern values for having the pixel pattern values stored within.

10. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 wherein the converting means has an input coupled to a source of color values for having the color values stored within.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 10 wherein the converting means is further coupled to means for enabling the storage of the color values only during a horizontal blanking period of the displaying means.

12. A method for generating a cursor for use with a visual image that is displayed to a viewer so as to give an illusion of having a width along an x-axis, a height along a y-axis, and a depth along a z-axis, comprising the initial steps of:

storing a first x-axis position of the cursor;

storing a second x-axis position of the cursor, the first x-axis position and the second x-axis position being offset from one another by an amount that is a function of a position of the cursor along a z-axis;

storing a y-axis position of the cursor;

storing a value that specifies a cursor pattern; and

storing within a memory means, at addressable locations, values that correspond to pixels that represent at least one specified cursor pattern;

the method further comprising the steps of;

selecting, for a first displayed image frame, the first stored x-axis position and for a second, immediately subsequent image frame, the second x-axis position;

generating a first plurality of address bits when the display means is displaying a pixel at a location that coincides with the selected x-axis position and the stored y-axis position; and

addressing the memory means with the first plurality of address bits and with a second plurality of address bits that are provided by the stored cursor pattern value so as to read out a pixel value that corresponds to a portion of the specified cursor pattern.

13. A method as set forth in claim 12 and further including the steps of converting the pixel value output by the memory means to color values;

and displaying the colors specified by the color values.

14. A method as set forth in claim 13 and further including a step of selecting either the output of the converting means or the output of a frame buffer means for display upon the display means.

15. A method as set forth in claim 14 wherein the frame buffer means is interleaved and wherein the method further includes a step of reordering the output of the memory means in accordance with an interleave factor of the frame buffer means.

16. A method as as set forth in claim 13 and, in response to a movement of the cursor along the z-axis, further includes a step of providing a monoscopic cursor cue by converting the pixel value output by the memory means to a color value having a different color saturation.

17. A method as as set forth in claim 12 and, in response to a movement of the cursor along the z-axis, further includes a step of providing a monoscopic cursor cue by storing a value that specifies a different cursor pattern.

18. A method as as set forth in claim 12 and, in response to a movement of the cursor along the z-axis, further includes a step of providing a monoscopic cursor cue by storing a value that specifies a different cursor pattern size.

19. A method as as set forth in claim 12 and, in response to a movement of the cursor along the z-axis, further includes a step of providing a monoscopic cursor cue by varying a transparency of pixels associated with a selected cursor pattern.

20. A method as set forth in claim 15 wherein the step of reordering includes a step of barrel-shifting the output of the memory means in accordance with a portion of the selected x-axis position.