System and method for data recovery in multiple head assembly storage devices

• US 5,163,162 A
• Filed: 11/14/1990
• Issued: 11/10/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 11/14/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Berry, Robert L., Luning, Stephen G., Centerwall, Brandt C., Wade, Forrest L.
• Primary Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOT, DEFINED
• Application Number:
  US07/612,661
• Time in Patent Office: 727 Days
• Field of Search: 371/1, 371/40.1, 371/40.2, 360/22, 360/76, 360/77.06, 360/77.02, 360/77.01, 360/77.05, 360/77.12, 360/77.13, 369/43, 369/44.37, 369/44.38
• US Class Current: 369/43
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/04 Arrangements for preventing, inhibiting, or warning against double recording on the same blank or against other recording or reproducing malfunctions
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/18 Error detection or correction; Testing , e.g. of drop-outs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2020/183 wherein at least one additional attempt is made to read or write the data when a first attempt is unsuccessful
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 21/085 with track following of accessed part
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/4886 relative to rotating disc
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/5547 "Seek" control and circuits therefor G11B5/5556 takes precedence

Abstract

A systematic method for detecting which head in a multiple head storage device contains errors and may be misaligned, and correcting for misalignment so that the data can be recovered. The apparatus includes a data buffer for storing a block of interleaved data read from the multiple head storage device, status bits, error detection circuitry for determining from the interleaved data, which if any of the heads is misaligned and for setting the status bits, data recovery control logic responsive to the status bits for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device for causing the misaligned head to move its position by small increments and to read data until the status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become aligned, and circuitry responsive to the status bits for writing data from the newly realigned head over the data which was read when that head was misaligned. The method includes steps of reading a block of interleaved data from a multiple head storage device and sending that data to a data buffer; detecting the existence of a misaligned head in determining which head is misaligned; generating error detection signals which indicate which head is misaligned; setting status bits in response to the error detection signals and sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to move the misaligned head by small increments and to read data from the misaligned head. The steps are repeated until the status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become realigned. After the head has become realigned the data which was stored in the storage buffer when the head was misaligned is written over by data read from the newly aligned head.

Claims

1. A system for aligning a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having two or more heads capable of simultaneously reading data, comprising:

data buffer means for storing a block of interleaved data read from the multiple head storage device;

status bits for indicating which, if any, of the two or more heads is the misaligned head;

error detection means for determining from the block of interleaved data which if any of the two or more heads from the multiple head storage device is the misaligned head and for setting said status bits;

data recovery control logic means, responsive to said status bits, for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device, and for causing the misaligned head to move its position by small increments and to read data until said status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become an aligned head; and

interleaving means, responsive to said status bits, for interleaving data read from the aligned head with said block of interleaved data in said data buffer means, such that any data stored in said data buffer means read from the misaligned head is overwritten by the data read from said aligned head.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said data buffer means can store multiple blocks of interleaved data, and wherein each block has associated with it a corresponding set of said status bits.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein said error detection means comprises two or more error detection devices, wherein the block of interleaved data is striped evenly among said error detection devices.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein said error detection means comprises an error detection device for each head within the multiple head storage device.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said status bits are part of said data buffer means.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein said data recovery control logic means further comprises reread means for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to re-read data from the misaligned head, wherein said recovery control logic means sends additional control signals to the multiple head storage device to move the head by small increments only when said status bits indicate the existence of a misaligned head after the use of said re-read means.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein said data recovery control logic means further comprises means for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to cause only one head in the multiple head storage device to move by small increments.

8. A system for aligning a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having two or more heads capable of simultaneously reading data, comprising:

data buffer means for storing a block of interleaved data read from the multiple head storage device;

error detection means for determining from the block of interleaved data which if any of the two or more heads from the multiple head storage device is the misaligned head and for transmitting a first signal indicative of which if any of the two or more heads is misaligned;

status bit means, responsive to said first signal, and including status bits for indicating which of the two or more heads is the misaligned head;

temporary status bit means, responsive to said first signal, including temporary status bits for indicating whether said misaligned head has become an aligned head;

data recovery control logic means, responsive to said status bits and to said temporary status bits, for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device when said misaligned head is detected, causing the misaligned head to move its position by small increments and to read data from said misaligned head until said temporary status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become aligned;

temporary data buffer means for storing data read from said misaligned head after said control signals are sent to said multiple head storage device; and

interleaving means, responsive to said temporary status bits, for interleaving data in said temporary data buffer means read from the newly aligned head with said block of interleaved data in said data buffer means, such that any data stored in said data buffer means read from the misaligned head is overwritten by the data read from said newly aligned head in said temporary data buffer means.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said data buffer means can store multiple blocks of interleaved data, and wherein each block has associated with it a corresponding set of said status bits.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein said error detection means comprises two or more error detection devices, wherein said block of interleaved data is striped evenly among said error detection devices.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein said error detection means comprises an error detection device for each head within the multiple storage device.

12. The system of claim 8, wherein said status bits are part of said data buffer means.

13. The system of claim 8, wherein said data recovery control logic means further comprises re-read means for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to re-read data from the misaligned head, wherein said recovery control logic means sends additional control signals to the multiple head storage device to move the head by small increments only when said temporary status bits indicate that the head is still misaligned after the use of said re-read means.

14. The system of claim 8, wherein said data recovery control logic means further comprises means for sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to cause only one head in the multiple head storage device to move by small increments.

15. The system of claim 8, wherein said temporary data buffer means can receive more than one block of interleaved data, and wherein said data recovery control logic means can detect that more than one misaligned head exists, and can recover data from each misaligned head prior to interleaving any data into said block of interleaved data in said data buffer means.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein said temporary status bits are part of said temporary data buffer means.

17. A method for aligning a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having two or more heads capable of simultaneously reading data, comprising the steps of:

(1) reading a block of interleaved data from the multiple head storage device, and sending said block of interleaved data to a data buffer;

(2) detecting the existence of said misaligned head, and detecting from said block of interleaved data which head of the multiple head storage device is misaligned;

(3) generating error detection signals in response to said step (2) indicating which head is misaligned;

(4) setting status bits in response to said error detection signals of said step (3);

(5) sending control signals to the multiple head storage device in response to said status bits of said step (4) to move the misaligned head by some small increment and to read data from the misaligned head;

(6) repeating said steps (1)-(5) until said status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become an aligned head; and

(7) interleaving data read from the aligned head with said block of interleaved data in said data buffer of said step (1) so that any data read by the misaligned head which was stored in said data buffer means is overwritten by data read from the aligned head.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein said step

(1) comprises the step of receiving more than one block of interleaved data from the multiple head storage device.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising a step (8) for re-writing said block of interleaved data to the multiple head storage device.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein said step (2) comprises the step of using two or more error detection devices, wherein said block of interleaved data is striped evenly among said error detection devices.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein said step (5) comprises the step of sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to re-read data from the misaligned head, and sending additional control signals to the multiple head storage device to move the head by small increments only when said status bits indicate that said misaligned head is still misaligned after sending said control signals to re-read data.

22. A method for aligning a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having two or more heads capable of simultaneously reading data, comprising the steps of:

24. The method of claim 22, wherein said step (1) comprises the step of receiving more than one block of interleaved data from the multiple head storage device.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising a step (11) for re-writing said block of interleaved data to the multiple head storage device.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein said step (2) comprises the step of using two or more error detection devices, wherein said block of interleaved data is striped evenly among said error detection devices.

27. The method of claim 22 wherein said step (5) comprises the step of sending control signals to the multiple head storage device to re-read data from the misaligned head, and sending additional control signals to the multiple head storage device to move the head by small increments only when said temporary status bits indicate that said misaligned head is still misaligned after sending said control signals to re-read data.

28. The method of claim 22 wherein said step (6) further comprises the step of receiving more than one block of interleaved data, and wherein said step (6) further comprises detecting the existence of more than one misaligned head, and recovering the data from each misaligned head prior to allowing said step (10) to interleave any data into said block of interleaved data in said data buffer.

30. The system of claim 28, wherein said error detection means contain a number of error detection devices equal to the number of heads in the multiple head storage device.

23. (1) reading a block of interleaved data from the multiple head storage device, and sending said block of interleaved data to a data buffer;

(2) detecting the existence of said misaligned head, and detecting from said block of interleaved data which head of the multiple head storage device is misaligned;

(3) generating error detection signals in response to said step (2) indicating which head is misaligned;

(4) setting status bits in response to said error detection signals of said step (3);

(5) sending control signals to the multiple head storage device in response to said status bits of said step (4) to move the misaligned head by some small increment and to read data from the misaligned head;

(6) directing data read from the misaligned head into a temporary data buffer;

(7) generating error detection signals in response to said step (5) indicating which head is misaligned;

(8) setting temporary status bits in response to said error detection signals of said step (7);

(9) repeating said steps (5)-(8) until said status bits indicate that the misaligned head has become an aligned head;

(10) interleaving data in said temporary data buffer of step (6) read from the aligned head with said block of interleaved data in said data buffer of said step (1) so that any data read from the misaligned head which was stored in said data buffer means is overwritten by data in said temporary data buffer read from the aligned head.

29. A system for detecting a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having n heads, comprising;

striping means for striping a block of interleaved data read from the multiple head storage device into at least two and at most n sections;

error detection means having at least one and at most n separate error detection devices having error checking logic for detecting a head misalignment, said error detection means capable of indicating which head in the multiple head storage device is misaligned;

interleaving means for interleaving the data from said error detection means, and for sending the block of interleaved data to a data recovery device.

31. The system of claim 29, wherein said error checking logic used in said error detection means is used to generate an error correction code to be stored with the block of interleaved data when it is initially written to the multiple head storage device.

33. The method of claim 31, wherein said step (2) comprises the step of using a number of error detection devices equal to the number of heads in the multiple head storage device.

34. The method of claim 31 wherein said step (2) comprises the step of using said error checking logic used in said error detection devices for generating error correction code to be stored with the block of interleaved data when it is initially written to the multiple head storage device.

32. A method for detecting a misaligned head in a multiple head storage device having n heads, comprising the steps of;

(1) striping a block of interleaved data, read from the multiple head storage device, into at least two and at most n sections;

(2) detecting if any of said n heads is misaligned using at least one and at most n separate error detection devices having error detection logic for detecting errors in the data, said at least one and at most n error detection devices capable of indicating which head in the multiple head storage device is misaligned;

(3) interleaving the data received from said error detection means, and sending the interleaved data to a data recovery device.