Expandable polymeric stent with memory and delivery apparatus and method

• US 5,163,952 A
• Filed: 09/14/1990
• Issued: 11/17/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 09/14/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Michael Froix
• Original Assignee: Michael Froix
• Inventors: Froix, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Isabella, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): BRITTINGHAM, DEBRA
• Application Number:
  US07/582,521
• Time in Patent Office: 795 Days
• Field of Search: 623/1, 623/11, 623/12, 604/96
• US Class Current: 623/1.18
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/82 Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents stent-grafts for tubular structures of the body other than blood vessels A61F2/04; stent-grafts for blood vessels A61F2/07; instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts A61F2/95; for closing wounds, or holding wounds closed A61B17/04 - A61B17/115; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/88 the wire-like elements formed as helical or spiral coils forming a net-like or mesh-like structure A61F2/90
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/90 characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/94 Stents retaining their form, i.e. not being deformable, after placement in the predetermined place
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/958 Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0004 bioabsorbable
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0042 using a fluid, e.g. circulating
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0047 heated by light
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0067 Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/041 Mixtures of macromolecular compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/14 Materials characterised by their function or physical properties , e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/146 Porous materials, e.g. foams or sponges
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/16 Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances A61L31/047 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/06 of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical

Abstract

Self-restrained stent for use in a lumen of a vessel of a patient having a body with the vessel therein, comprising a substantially cylindrical member formed of a plastic material having a built-in elastic predetermined diameter and having a memory provided therein of a diameter greater than the predetermined diameter. The plastic is characterized in that it will attempt to assume the greater diameter in its memory upon occurrence of one or more of the following conditions:

(a) adsorption of heat by the plastic material;

(b) adsorption of a liquid by the plastic material; and

(c) a change in the pH in the liquid in which the plastic member is disposed.

Claims

1. A self-restrained stent for use in a lumen defined by a wall of a vessel of a patient having a body with the vessel therein, comprising a hollow substantially cylindrical member formed of a plastic material having an initial built-in elastic predetermined diameter which is less than the diameter of the lumen in the vessel so that the substantially cylindrical member can be inserted into the lumen of the vessel, said plastic material also having a memory based on a thermal transition provided therein of a diameter greater than the initial predetermined diameter and at least as great as the diameter of the lumen of the vessel, said plastic being characterized in that it will assume the greater diameter and move into engagement with the wall of the vessel upon

the absorption of heat by the plastic material to activate said thermal transition which is achieved by one of the following selected from the group consisting of

(a) a melting point of the main chain;

(b) a melting point of the side chain;

(c) a glass transition temperature;

(d) a liquid crystal transition; and

(e) a local mode molecular transition.

2. A stent as in claim 1 wherein said plastic material has a thermal transition which is achieved by one of the following:

(a) a melting point of the main chain;

(b) a melting point of a side chain;

(c) a glass transition temperature;

(d) a liquid crystal transition; and

(3) a local mode molecular transition.

3. A stent as in claim 1 wherein said substantially cylindrical member is formed of a substantially porous material to facilitate the ingrowth of neointimal and endothelial vessel tissue in the body of the patient.

4. A stent as in claim 1 wherein said substantially cylindrical member carries medical agents.

5. A stent as in claim 4 wherein said medical agent is a thrombolytic agent.

6. A stent as in claim 4 wherein said medical agent is a growth factor.

7. A stent as in claim 4 wherein said medical agent is a slow release medication.

8. A stent as in claim 1 wherein said plastic is a polymeric composition.

9. A stent as in claim 8 wherein said polymeric composition includes a thermal initiator.

10. A stent as in claim 8 wherein said polymeric composition includes an ultraviolet initiator.

11. A stent as in claim 8 wherein said polymeric composition includes a crosslinking agent.