Adjustable orthosis

• US 5,167,612 A
• Filed: 07/30/1990
• Issued: 12/01/1992
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bonutti Research Incorporated (Bonutti IP LLC)
• Original Assignee: Peter M. Bonutti
• Inventors: Bonutti, Peter M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bahr, Robert
• Assistant Examiner(s): DVORAK, LINDA C
• Application Number:
  US07/559,700
• Time in Patent Office: 855 Days
• Field of Search: 128/25 R, 128/26, 128/77, 128/80 C, 128/80 F, 128/88, 272/117-119, 272/139, 272/140, 272/143, 272/126, 602/5, 602/16, 602/20, 602/23, 602/26
• US Class Current: 602/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2005/0153 combining rotational and stretching movements
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 5/0123 for the knees A61F5/0106 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 5/013 for the arms, hands or fingers A61F5/0118 takes precedence

Abstract

An adjustable orthosis for stretching tissue by moving a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions includes a first arm with a cuff at its outer end for releasably attaching the first arm to the first body portion, and a second arm with a cuff at its outer end for releasably attaching the second arm to the second body portion. The arms are pivotally connected at their inner ends. An actuator is connected to the arms for applying force to the arms to pivot them relative to each other to move the joint. The actuator includes flexible force transmitting means connected with at least one of the arms, and drive means for applying force to the flexible force transmitting means to move the first and second arms relative to each other. In a preferred embodiment, the flexible force transmitting means is a rope or cable and the drive means is a manually actuatable winch for winding the rope or cable. The drive means is located at a distance from the pivotal connection of the first and second arms. The orthosis is adjustable while on the limb to a plurality of different positions including at least a first position in which the joint is flexed to a relatively greater degree and a second position in which the joint is extended to a relatively greater degree. The orthosis can also be used to flex.

Claims

1. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first rigid arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second rigid arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for receiving a force not generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with at least one of said arms, and

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other.

2. An orthosis as defined in claim 1 wherein said drive means is located in the outer sector.

3. An orthosis as defined in claim 1 wherein said flexible force transmitting means is connected with said first arm and with said second arm and with said drive means.

4. An orthosis as defined in claim 1 wherein said drive means is operable to adjust the orthosis to a plurality of different positions by pivoting said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint while the orthosis is attached to the first and second body portions, said plurality of different positions including at least a first position in which the joint is flexed to a relatively greater degree and a second position in which the joint is extended to a relatively greater degree.

5. An orthosis as defined in claim 4 wherein said flexible force transmitting means is connected with both of said first and second arms.

6. An orthosis as defined in claim 1 including means for monitoring the force transmitted through said flexible force transmitting means to said first and second arms.

7. An orthosis as defined in claim 1 including relief means for limiting the amount of force transmitted through said flexible force transmitting means to said first and second arms.

8. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first longitudinally extending rigid arm having inner and outer ends, said first arm including a first cuff adjacent said outer end of said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second longitudinally extending rigid arm having inner and outer ends, said second arm including a second cuff adjacent said outer end of said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for receiving a force not generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with said outer end of one of said arms,

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other, and

means for applying reaction force to said inner end of said one arm.

9. An orthosis as defined in claim 8 wherein said means for applying reaction force comprises a rigid support member extending between said drive means and said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms.

10. An orthosis as defined in claim 9 wherein said rigid support member is located in the outer sector.

11. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other at a pivot axis intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for applying force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

a rigid support member having an inner end connected with said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms and an outer end,

flexible force transmitting means connected between said outer end of said rigid support member and said first and second arms, and

means for increasing the length of said rigid support member to apply force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other.

12. An orthosis as defined in claim 11 wherein said rigid support member is located in the outer sector.

13. An apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said means for increasing the length of said rigid support member is fluid pressure operated.

14. An apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said means for increasing the length of said rigid support member an elongate threaded member and nut means movable relative to said threaded member.

15. An apparatus for applying force to a limb of a person on opposite sides of a joint in that limb, said apparatus comprising a first rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of said first rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with said first rigid member extending along the limb in a first direction from the joint, a second rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of said second rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with said second rigid member extending along the limb in a second direction from the joint, means for pivotally interconnecting inner end portions of said first and second members adjacent the joint, and actuator means for pivoting said first and second rigid members relative to each other about said inner end portions of said first and second rigid members to move the joint, said actuator means including means for simultaneously applying forces to said inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members urging said first and second rigid members to pivot in opposite directions relative to each other.

16. An apparatus as set forth in claim 15 wherein said means for simultaneously applying forces to the inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members includes means for applying first forces to the outer end portions of said first and second rigid members with the lines of action of the first forces extending at acute angles to longitudinal central axes of said first and second rigid members and means for applying second forces to inner end portions of said first and second rigid members with the lines of action of the second forces extending transversely to the lines of action of the first forces and to the longitudinal central axes of said first and second rigid members.

17. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms including;

means for receiving a force not generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said receiving means being spaced from the joint axis and located in the outer sector at a distance from said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms to provide a mechanical advantage, and

force transmitting means intermediate said force receiving means and said first and second arms and disposed at least partially in said outer sector.

18. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and a first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for receiving a force not generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

force transmitting means connected with at least one of said arms, and

drive means for placing said force transmitting means in tension to move said first and second arms relative to each other.

19. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for applying force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with at least one of said arms, and

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other;

wherein said flexible force transmitting means is connected with said first arm and with said second arm and with said drive means; and

wherein said drive means comprises manually actuatable winch means for winding said flexible force transmitting means to apply force to said first and second arms through said flexible force transmitting means.

20. An orthosis as defined in claim 19 comprising a support member interconnecting said drive means and said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms, said support member being located in the outer sector.

21. An orthosis as defined in claim 20 wherein said drive means is located in the outer sector at a substantial distance from said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms.

22. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for applying force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with at least one of said arms, and

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other;

wherein said drive means is operable to adjust the orthosis to a plurality of different positions by pivoting said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint while the orthosis is attached to the first and second body portions, said plurality of different positions including at least a first position in which the joint is flexed to a relatively greater degree and a second position in which the joint is extended to a relatively greater degree;

wherein said flexible force transmitting means is connected with both of said first and second arms; and

wherein a first portion of said flexible force transmitting means and said first arm define a first included angle therebetween which increases as said orthosis is adjusted from said first position to said second position, and a second portion of said flexible force transmitting means and said second arm define a second included angle therebetween which increases as said orthosis is adjusted from said first position to said second position.

23. An orthosis as defined in claim 22 wherein said drive means comprises means for pulling on said flexible force transmitting means to shorten the distance between said drive means and the point where said flexible force transmitting means is attached to said first arm and to shorten the distance between said drive means and the point where said flexible force transmitting means is attached to said second arm to adjust the orthosis from said first position to said second position.

24. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for applying force to said first and second arm to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with at least one of said arms, and

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other;

wherein said first arm includes guide means for said flexible force transmitting means disposed intermediate said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms and said first cuff means, said flexible force transmitting means extending from said drive means to said guide means and thence to said first cuff means.

25. An orthosis as defined in claim 24 wherein said guide means comprises a pulley, and said flexible force transmitting means extends at least partially around said pulley.

26. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising

a first longitudinally extending arm having inner and outer ends, said first arm including a first cuff adjacent said outer end of said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second longitudinally extending arm having inner and outer ends, said second arm including a second cuff adjacent said outer end of said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for applying force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint, said actuator means including

flexible force transmitting means connected with said outer end of one of said arms,

drive means for applying force to said flexible force transmitting means to move said first and second arms relative to each other, and

means for applying reaction force to said inner end of said one arm;

wherein said means for applying reaction force comprises a rigid support member interconnecting said drive means and said means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms;

wherein said rigid support member is located in the outer sector; and

wherein said drive means is operable to adjust the orthosis to a plurality of different positions by pivoting said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint while the orthosis is attached to the first and second body portions, said plurality of different positions including at least a first position in which the joint is flexed to a relatively greater degree and a second position in which the joint is extended to a relatively greater degree;

said flexible force transmitting means is connected with both of said first and second arms, a first portion of said flexible force transmitting means and said first arm define a first included angle therebetween which increases as said orthosis is adjusted from said first position to said second position, and a second portion of said flexible force transmitting means and said second arm define a second included angle therebetween which increases as said orthosis is adjusted form said first position to said second position; and

said drive means comprises means for pulling on said flexible force transmitting means to shorten the distance between said drive means and said first cuff means and to shorten the distance between said drive means and said second cuff means to adjust the orthosis from said first position to said second position.

27. An apparatus for applying force to a limb of a person on opposite sides of a joint, said apparatus comprising a first rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of the first rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the first rigid member extending along the limb in a first direction from the joint, means for connecting an outer end portion of the second rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the second rigid member extending along the limb in a second direction from the joint, means for pivotally interconnecting inner end portions of the first and second members adjacent the joint, and actuator means for pivoting the first and second rigid members relative to each other about the inner end portions of said first and second rigid members to move the joint, said actuator means including means for simultaneously applying forces to said inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members urging said first and second rigid members to pivot in opposite directions relative to each other, and including a third rigid member extending transversely to the first and second rigid members, said third rigid member having a first end portion connected to the inner end portions of the first and second rigid member adjacent to the joint and a second end portion spaced from the joint, said means for simultaneously applying forces to the inner and outer end portions of the first and second rigid members including first force transmitting means extending from the second end portion of the third rigid member to the outer end portion of the first rigid member and second force transmitting means extending from the second end portion of the third rigid member to the outer end portion of the second member.

28. An apparatus as set forth in claim 27 wherein said means for simultaneously applying forces to the inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid member includes manually actuatable drive means mounted on the second end portion of the third rigid member and connected with said first and force transmitting means, said manually actuatable drive means being operable to pull said first and second force transmitting means toward the second end portion of said third rigid member.

29. An apparatus as set forth in claim 28 wherein said first and second force transmitting means are flexible and said drive means includes winch means for winding said first and second force transmitting means about an axis extending through the outer end portion of said third rigid member.

30. An apparatus for applying force to a limb of a person on opposite sides of a joint, said apparatus comprising a first rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of the first rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the first rigid member extending along the limb in a first direction from the joint, means for connecting an outer end portion of the second rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the second rigid member extending along the limb in a second direction from the joint, means for pivotally interconnecting inner end portions of the first and second members adjacent the joint, and actuator means for pivoting the first and second rigid members relative to each other about the inner end portions of said first and second rigid members to move the joint, said actuators means including means for simultaneously applying forces to said inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members urging said first and second rigid members to pivot in opposite directions relative to each other;

wherein said means for simultaneously applying forces to the inner and outer end portions of the first and second member includes first flexible force transmitting means connected with the outer end portion of said first rigid member and second flexible force transmitting means connected with the outer end portion of said second rigid member and manually actuatable winch means for winding up said first and second flexible force transmitting means.

31. An apparatus as set forth in claim 30 wherein said winch means includes drum means rotatable about an axis extending parallel to axes about which said first and second rigid members pivot relative to each other upon operation of said actuator means.

32. An apparatus for applying force to a limb of a person on opposite sides of a joint, said apparatus comprising a first rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of the first rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the first rigid member extending along the limb in a first direction from the joint, means for connecting an outer end portion of the second rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the second rigid member extending along the limb in a second direction from the joint, means for pivotally interconnecting inner end portions of the first and second members adjacent the joint, and actuator means for pivoting the first and second rigid members relative to each other about the inner end portions of said first and second rigid members to move the joint, said actuator means including means for simultaneously applying forces to said inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members urging said first and second rigid members to pivot in opposite directions relative to each other;

wherein said actuator means includes a third rigid member having a first end portion connected with the inner end portions of said first and second rigid members, means for increasing the length of said third rigid member, and means for transmitting force from a second end portion of said third rigid member to the outer end portions of said first and second rigid members as the length of said third rigid member increases.

33. An apparatus for applying force to a limb of a person on opposite sides of a joint, said apparatus comprising a first rigid member, means for connecting an outer end portion of the first rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced from the joint with the first rigid member extending along the limb in a first direction from the joint, means for connecting an outer end portion of the second rigid member with the limb of the person at a location spaced for the joint with the second rigid member extending along the limb in a second direction from the joint, means for pivotally interconnecting inner end portions of the first and second members adjacent the joint, and actuator means for pivoting the first and second rigid members relative to each other about the inner end portions of said first and second rigid members to move the joint, said actuator means including means for simultaneously applying forces to said inner and outer end portions of said first and second rigid members urging said first and second rigid members to pivot in opposite directions relative to each other;

wherein said first and second force transmitting means are flexible and said drive means includes winch means for winding said first and second force transmitting means about an axis extending through the outer end portion of said third rigid member; and

wherein at least one of said first and second flexible force transmitting means includes an elastic portion.

34. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising:

a first rigid arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body

a second rigid arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means; and

actuator means connected to said first and second arms for receiving a force into generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said first and second arms to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint,

said actuator means including first and second force transmitting members having outer end portions connected to said first and second arms, respectively, said first and second force transmitting members extending from said arms in a direction into the outer sector and having inner end portions connected to a portion of said actuator means in the outer sector at a location spaced from the joint and spaced from said means for pivotally interconnecting said first and second arms.

35. An orthosis as defined in claim 34 wherein said first and second force transmitting members are flexible.

36. An orthosis for stretching tissue around a joint of a patient between first and second relatively pivotable body portions, the joint and the first and second body portions defining on one side of the joint an inner sector which decreases in angle as the joint is flexed and defining on the opposite side of the joint an outer sector which decreases in angle as the joint is extended, comprising:

a first rigid arm, and first cuff means on said first arm for releasably attaching said first arm to the first body portion;

a second rigid arm, and second cuff means on said second arm for releasably attaching said second arm to the second body portion; and

means for interconnecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means, comprising;

means for pivotally connecting said first and second arms with each other intermediate said first and second cuff means,

a tower extending from said means for pivotally connecting in a direction into the outer sector, and

first and second force transmitting members connected with said first and second arms, respectively, said first and second force transmitting members extending between said arms and said tower and being connected with said tower in the outer sector at a location spaced from said means for pivotally interconnecting said first and second arms.

37. An orthosis as defined in claim 36 including actuator means connected to said force transmitting members for receiving a force not generated by movement of the first or second body portions and for applying said force to said force transmitting members to pivot said first and second arms relative to each other to move the joint.