Method for removing cations and anions from an engine coolant liquid
First Claim
1. A method for removing ions from a liquid comprising the steps of:
- (a) passing a liquid having ions, including nitrite ions, through a cation exchanger bed wherein at least part of the ions are removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce a liquid with at least part of the ions removed and having nitrogen containing compounds; and
(b) removing at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, by passing the produced liquid of step (a) through a means for removing nitrogen containing compounds to produce a liquid with at least part of the ions removed and with at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds removed.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An apparatus and method for removing particulates, hydrcarbons (such as oil), cations and anions including nitrite ions from a liquid, such as an engine coolant liquid having a freezing point depressant and situated in an internal combination engine cooling system. The apparatus has at least one filter for removing particulates and hydrocarbons; a strong acid cation exchange bed in the hydrogen form for removing cations; a strong base anion exchange bed in the hydroxide form for removing anions; and separator for separating gas containing nitrogen, such as nitric oxide and/or nitrogen dioxide, that is produced in the cation exchange bed and/or the anion exchange bed. The method for removing particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions from an engine coolant liquid having a freezing point depressant comprises providing an engine coolant liquid having particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions; passing the engine coolant liquid through a zone for filtering wherein particulates and hydrocarbons are removed from the engine coolant liquid; and passing the engine coolant liquid through a strong acid cation exchanger bed in the hydrogen form wherein cations are removed from the engine coolant liquid and nitrite ions are converted into nitric oxide and/or nitrogen dioxide. The method further comprises passing the engine coolant liquid through a strong base anion exchanger bed in the hydroxide form wherein anions are removed from the engine coolant liquid; and subsequently separating the nitric oxide and/or nitrogen dioxide from the engine coolant liquid to produce an engine coolant liquid having the freezing point depressant.
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Citations
52 Claims
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1. A method for removing ions from a liquid comprising the steps of:
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(a) passing a liquid having ions, including nitrite ions, through a cation exchanger bed wherein at least part of the ions are removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce a liquid with at least part of the ions removed and having nitrogen containing compounds; and (b) removing at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, by passing the produced liquid of step (a) through a means for removing nitrogen containing compounds to produce a liquid with at least part of the ions removed and with at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds removed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 22, 23)
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11. A method for removing cations and anions from a liquid comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing a liquid having cations, anions, and nitrite ions; (b) passing the liquid of step (a) through a cation-exchanger bed wherein at least part of the cations are removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce a liquid containing anions and nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof; (c) passing the produced liquid of step (b) through an anion-exchanger bed wherein at least part of the anions are removed to produce a liquid containing nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof; and (d) removing at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, by passing the produced liquid of step (c) through a means for separating wherein at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds is removed from the liquid. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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24. A method for removing particulates, cations, anions and nitrogen containing compounds from an engine coolant liquid comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing an engine coolant having particulates, cations, anions and nitrite ions; (b) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (a) through a means for filtering wherein at least part of the particulates are removed from the engine coolant liquid to produce an engine coolant liquid comprising cations, anions and nitrite ions; (c) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (b) through a cation exchanger bed wherein at least part of the cations is removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce an engine coolant liquid containing anions and nitrogen containing compounds; (d) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (c) through an anion-exchanger bed wherein at least part of the anions is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid containing nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof; and (e) removing at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds selected from the group consisting of nitrous acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, by passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (d) through a means for separating wherein at least part of the nitrogen containing compounds is removed from the engine coolant liquid. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28)
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25. The method of claim 25 wherein said engine coolant liquid of step (a) contains a freezing point depressant;
- and said engine coolant liquid returning to the cooling system of the internal combustion engine contains said freezing point depressant.
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29. A method for removing particulates, cations, anions, and nitrogen containing compounds from an engine coolant liquid comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing an engine coolant having particulates, cations, anions and nitrite ions; (b) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (a) through a means for filtering wherein at least part of the particulates are removed from the engine coolant liquid to produce an engine coolant liquid comprising cations, anions and nitrite ions; (c) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (b) through a strong acid cation exchanger bed in the hydrogen form wherein at least part of the cations is removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into nitrous acid; (d) passing the produced engine coolant liquid from the strong acid cation exchanger bed through a strong base anion-exchanger bed in the hydroxide form wherein at least part of the anions is removed, said nitrous acid produced in the strong cation exchanger bed decomposes into nitric oxide which combines with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide such that said strong base anion exchanger bed produces an engine coolant liquid containing nitrogen dioxide; and (e) removing at least part of the nitrogen dioxide from the produced engine coolant liquid by passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (d) through a means for separating wherein at least part of the nitrogen dioxide is removed from the engine coolant liquid. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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41. A method for removing cations and anions from an engine coolant liquid having a freezing point depressant and situated in a cooling system of an internal combustion engine, comprising the steps of:
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(a) removing an engine coolant liquid having cations, anions, particulates, hydrocarbons, and a freezing point depressant and situated in an internal combustion engine, from a cooling system of said internal combustion engine to the exterior of said internal combustion engine; (b) passing the engine coolant liquid through a first mechanical filter for filtering and removing part of the particulates, leaving residual particulates in the engine coolant liquid; (c) passing the engine coolant liquid having the residual particulates through a means for pumping wherein the engine coolant liquid is pumped; (d) passing the pumped engine coolant liquid through a chemical filter wherein at least part of the hydrocarbons is removed; (e) passing the engine coolant liquid having at least part of the hydrocarbons removed through a second mechanical filter for filtering and removing at least part of the residual particulates to produce engine coolant liquid having cations, anions, and the freezing point depressant; (f) passing the engine coolant liquid, having the cations and the anions and the freezing point depressant, through a cation-exchanger bed wherein at least part of the cations are removed from the engine coolant liquid; (g) passing the engine coolant liquid, having at least part of the cations removed and having the anions and the freezing point depressant, through an anion-exchanger bed wherein at least part of the anions are removed from the engine coolant liquid; and (h) returning the engine coolant liquid to the cooling system of the internal combustion engine, wherein said returning engine coolant liquid has at least part of the cations and anions removed and has the freezing point depressant. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A method for removing particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions from an engine coolant liquid having a freezing point depressant comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing an engine coolant having particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions, and a freezing point depressant; (b) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (a) through a first mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein part of the particulates are removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions, nitrite ions, and the freezing point depressant; (c) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (b) through a means for pumping wherein the produced engine coolant liquid of step (b) is pumped towards a chemical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the hydrocarbons is to be removed; (d) passing the pumped engine coolant liquid of step (c) through a chemical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the hydrocarbons is removed to produced an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, cations, anions, nitrite ions and the freezing point depressant; (e) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (c) through a second mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the residual particulates is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having cations, anions, nitrite ions, and the freezing point depressant; (f) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (e) through a strong acid cation exchange bed in the hydrogen form wherein at least part of the cations is removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into a gas containing nitrogen and selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce an engine coolant liquid having anions, the gas containing nitrogen, and the freezing point depressant; (g) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (f) through a strong base anion exchange bed in the hydroxide form wherein at least part of the anions is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having the gas containing nitrogen and the freezing point depressant; and (h) removing at least art of the gas containing nitrogen by passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (g) through a bed of activated particulate carbon wherein at least part of the gas containing nitrogen is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having the freezing point depressant. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50)
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51. A method for removing particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions from an engine coolant liquid having a freezing point depressant comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing an engine coolant liquid having particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions, and a freezing point depressant; (b) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (a) through a means for pumping wherein the engine coolant liquid of step (a) is pumped towards a first mechanical filtering means for filtering; (c) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (b) through a first mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein part of the particulates are removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions, nitrite ions, and the freezing point depressant; (d) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (c) through a chemical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the hydrocarbons is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, cations, anions, nitrite ions and the freezing point depressant; (e) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (d) through a second mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the residual particulates is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having cations, anions, nitrite ions, and the freezing point depressant; (f) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (e) through a strong acid cation exchange bed in the hydrogen form wherein at least part of the cations is removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into a gas containing nitrogen and selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce an engine coolant liquid having anions, the gas containing nitrogen, and the freezing point depressant; (g) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (f) through a strong base anion exchange bed in the hydroxide form wherein at least part of the anions is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having the gas containing nitrogen and the freezing point depressant; and (h) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (g) through a bed of activated particulate carbon wherein at least part of the gas containing nitrogen is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having the freezing point depressant.
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52. A method for removing particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions from an engine coolant liquid comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing an engine coolant liquid having particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions and nitrite ions; (b) passing the provided engine coolant liquid of step (a) through a means for pumping wherein the provided engine coolant liquid of step (a) is pumped towards a first mechanical filtering means for filtering; (c) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (b) through a first mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein part of the particulates are removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, hydrocarbons, cations, anions, nitrite ions; (d) passing the engine coolant liquid of step (c) through a chemical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the hydrocarbons is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having residual particulates, cations, anions, and nitrite ions; (e) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (d) through a second mechanical filtering means for filtering and wherein at least part of the residual particulates is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having cations, anions, and nitrite ions; (f) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (e) through a strong acid cation exchange bed in the hydrogen form wherein at least part of the cations is removed and at least part of the nitrite ions is converted into a gas containing nitrogen and selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof, to produce an engine coolant liquid having anions, the gas containing nitrogen; (g) passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (f) through a strong base anion exchange bed in the hydroxide form wherein at least part of the anions is removed to produce an engine coolant liquid having the gas containing nitrogen; (h) removing at least part of the gas containing nitrogen and selected from the group consisting of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and mixtures thereof by passing the produced engine coolant liquid of step (g) through a bed of activated particulate carbon wherein at least part of the gas containing nitrogen is removed.
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Specification