Video signal processing with added probabilistic dither
First Claim
1. A video signal processing system comprising a source providing a desired value for a characteristic of individual picture points to an accuracy of "m" or more binary bits, and a circuit deriving from said value in the case of each of said picture points an n-bit binary signal, where (m-n) is an integer greater than 1, wherein the value of said n-bit binary signal within the range of a lower order bit is switched to cause said n-bit binary signal to represent, for any one picture point, either a value above or a value below said desired value, said one value or said other value being distributed without order among said picture points and the probability of said one value or said other value being present for any one picture point being dependent upon the value of the (m-n) lowest order bits of the desired value.
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Abstract
A system in which a characteristic of individual picture points is provided to an accuracy of m binary bits but conveyed by n bits, where n is less than m. The value of a lower order bit of the n bit signal is switched to cause said binary value to represent, for any one picture point, either a value above or a value below the original value. The new values are distributed without order among the picture points with a probability dependent upon the value of the (m-n) lowest order bits of the desired value.
83 Citations
25 Claims
- 1. A video signal processing system comprising a source providing a desired value for a characteristic of individual picture points to an accuracy of "m" or more binary bits, and a circuit deriving from said value in the case of each of said picture points an n-bit binary signal, where (m-n) is an integer greater than 1, wherein the value of said n-bit binary signal within the range of a lower order bit is switched to cause said n-bit binary signal to represent, for any one picture point, either a value above or a value below said desired value, said one value or said other value being distributed without order among said picture points and the probability of said one value or said other value being present for any one picture point being dependent upon the value of the (m-n) lowest order bits of the desired value.
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2. An effects generator for a graphic system comprising:
- means for generating a line of signals for representing a first color, means for generating a line of signals for representing a second color, and means for generating intervening lines of the signal, said intervening lines separating said lines representing said first color and said second color and each of said intervening lines being generated as signals of only said first color and said second color which are interspersed substantially randomly along the intervening line and are positioned at respective locations along the intervening line.
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3. An effects generator for a graphic system comprising:
- means for defining the colors of several lines of display separated by intervening lines, and means for generating each line in the form of signals representing a defined color or a mixture of two defined colors, including means for generating signals for each of said intervening display lines as signals of a first defined color and signals of a second defined color which are substantially randomly interspersed among the signals of the first defined color, the proportions of the first and second defined colors in a respective intervening line being dependent on the position of the respective intervening display line.
- 4. A graphic method for displaying a gradual change in a color intensity or characteristic across a band of the image, comprising producing the image in said band by interspersing two different signal elements representing two different values of said intensity or characteristic, said interspersing comprising varying the proportion of the two different signal elements from one line to another in said band gradually depending on the positions of the lines in the band while causing the distribution of the two different signal elements in each line to be substantially random or irregular to avoid or reduce dot patterning.
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5. A video signal processing system comprising:
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a first source of digital video signals; a second source of digital video signals; a source of factor signals K; first multiplier means for multiplying a signal from said first source by the factor signal K; second multiplier means for multiplying a signal from said second source by (1-K); said first and second multiplier means each producing a main product signal and a remainder signal; means for summing said remainder signals; means for utilizing said summed remainder signals to select a random bit value; said selection being weighted in accordance with a probability dependent on the sum of the remainder signals; and means for summing said bit value and said main signals to produce an output signal wherein said output signal is utilized for at least temporarily one of displaying, televising, printing or transmitting.
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12. A system comprising:
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a source of m-bit signals; a conversion circuit receiving said m-bit signals from said source and converting each received m-bit signal to a corresponding n-bit signal, wherein; (i) the difference (m-n) is a positive integer greater than unity, and (ii) the value of an n-bit signal is higher or lower than the value of the m-bit signal corresponding thereto depending on a probability related in value to the value of at least some of the least significant (m-n) bits of said corresponding m-bit signal; and a device utilizing said n-bit signal for at least temporarily one of displaying, televising, printing or transmitting. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A system for generating at least a portion of a color wedge comprising:
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a source of the beginning and end colors of at least one portion of a color wedge, wherein said beginning and end colors are spatially separated by N video lines, where N is an integer greater than unity and each video line comprises a row of pixels; a source of proportion signals defining a proportion of said beginning and/or end color for each of said N video lines, said proportion for each of said N lines depending on the position of the respective line; a source of random numbers each of which is in a selected range; a comparator which compares for each pixel of each of said N lines, a respective one of said random numbers with said proportion signal for the video line of the pixel and generates a comparison result signal; a selection circuit which selects for each pixel of each of said N video lines either said beginning color or said end color depending on said comparison result signal, to thereby generate said N video lines such that in each line the relative numbers of pixels in said beginning and end colors are determined by said proportion signals but the beginning and end colors are distributed randomly in the line. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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21. A system comprising:
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a source of a first picture which is defined at least in part by a respective n-bit signal for each picture element and of a second picture which also is defined at least in part by a respective n-bit signal for each picture element; a blending circuit which receives corresponding n-bit signals for picture elements of each of the first and second pictures and blends each pair of corresponding n-bit signals to thereby generate m-bit signals defining a selected parameter of a respective blended element of a composite picture, wherein the difference (m-n) is a positive integer greater than unity; a conversion circuit which converts each m-bit signal into an n-bit signal having a value determined at least in part upon a probabilistic function depending on information contained in the least significant m-n bits of said m-bit signal. - View Dependent Claims (22)
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23. A video signal processing system in which a desired value for a characteristic of individual picture points is provided to an accuracy of m or more binary bits, and said value in the case of each of said picture points is conveyed by an n-bit binary signal, where (m-n) is an integer greater than 1, characterized in that the value of said binary signal within the range of a lower order bit is switched to cause said binary signal to represent, for any one picture point, either a value above or a value below said desired value, said one value or said other value being distributed without order among said picture points and the probability of said one value or said other value being present for any one picture point being dependent upon the value of the (m-n) lowest order bits of the desired value, and further characterized in that the probability of said one value or said other value of said binary signal being present for any one picture point is established by means of look-up tables, in which a series of look-up tables is provided, one for each of a number of picture points, each look-up table comprising sequence of addresses, at the first of which a signal of value 1 may be found with low probability, at a second of which a signal of value 1 may be found with higher probability and so on for (m-n) addresses.
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24. A system comprising:
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a source of starting signals each represented by "m" bits comprising a most significant bit (MSB) which is followed by (m-1) bits of progressively decreasing significance the last of which is the m-th, least significant bit (LSB); a conversion circuit which receives said starting signals and converts each to a corresponding converted signal represented by "n" bits comprising an MSB followed by (n-1) bits of progressively decreasing significance the last of which is an LSB where (m-n)>
(+1), and the LSB of each converted signal is determined in part on the basis of a probability related to the values of at least some of the bits following the n-th bit of the corresponding starting signal; anda device utilizing said converted signals for at least temporarily one of displaying, televising, printing or transmitting.
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25. A method comprising:
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providing starting signals each represented by "m" bits comprising a most significant bit (MSB) which is followed by (m-1) bits; converting each of said starting signals to a corresponding converted signal represented by "n" bits comprising an MSB followed by (n-1) bits the last of which is an LSB where (m-n)>
(+1), and the LSB of each converted signal is determined in part on the basis of a probability related to at least some of the bits following the n-th bit of the corresponding starting signal; and
utilizing said converted signals for at least temporarily one of displaying, televising, printing or transmitting.
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Specification