VTOL aircraft

• US 5,178,344 A
• Filed: 09/13/1991
• Issued: 01/12/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Vaclav Dlouhy
• Original Assignee: Vaclav Dlouhy
• Inventors: Dlouhy, Vaclav
• Primary Examiner(s): Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BIDWELL, ANNE
• Application Number:
  US07/759,515
• Time in Patent Office: 487 Days
• Field of Search: 244/12.1, 244/12.2, 244/12.4, 244/23 C, 244/26, 244/73 B, 244/73 C, 416/108, 416/110, 416/111, 416/119
• US Class Current: 244/12.2
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/08 with two or more rotors
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/20 Rotorcraft characterised by having shrouded rotors, e.g. flying platforms
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 29/0016 the lift during taking-off being created by free or ducted propellers or by blowers
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/001 Flying saucers

Abstract

A VTOL aircraft (100) is provided having a plurality of rotor blade sets (2) disposed at least partially beneath the fuselage (1). The aircraft is propelled vertically by means of the thrust generated from the rotating sets of rotor blades (2), and augmented by suction generated aerodynamic lift. At least a portion of the suction airflow (A) is displaced from the upper surface of fuselage (1), creating a region of low pressure. The negative pressure, or suction generated from the portion of the rotor blades (2) disposed beneath the fuselage (1) causes a column of air to be accelerated upwardly toward the central portion of the fuselage bottom surface (205). The upwardly directed airflow (R) contacts the fuselage bottom surface (205) and flows thereacross toward respective rotor blades (2), generating a layer of high pressure air in juxtaposition with the lower surface (205) of fuselage (1). The pressure differential between the upper and lower surfaces of fuselage (1) provides an aerodynamic lift which augments the thrust generated by the rotor blades (2 ).

Claims

1. A VTOL aircraft, comprising:

a fuselage having an upper and a lower surface portion, said upper and lower surface portions together forming a predetermined surface contour defining a lifting body;

first propulsion means coupled to said lower surface of said fuselage for displacing said aircraft in a substantially vertical direction while using a suction effect of said first propulsion means for generating an aerodynamic lift for augmenting a total lifting thrust by displacing air from a central zone below said fuselage to allow additional air to be inserted by atmospheric pressure differential and to collide with said central zone portion of said lower surface of said fuselage whereby a high pressure region is formed adjacent said central lower surface portion of said fuselage, and by simultaneously displacing air from a zone above said fuselage whereby a region of a lower pressure is formed above said fuselage which in combination provides said suction generated lift said first propulsion means including a plurality of rotatably driven rotors disposed about a perimeter portion of said fuselage in spaced relation each to another, each of said rotors having an axis of rotation disposed a predetermined distance from a perimeter edge surface of said fuselage, each of said rotors being positionally located a predetermined distance from said lower surface of said fuselage; and

,

control means for regulating said suction generated aerodynamic lift during vertical and horizontal flight.

2. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 where said first propulsion means includes means for rotatably driving each of said rotors.

3. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 2 where said rotatable drive means is disposed within said fuselage.

4. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 2 where said rotatable drive means includes at least three engines, each of said engines being coupled to a respective one of said rotors.

5. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 where said first propulsion means includes means for rotatably displacing each of said rotors with respect to a vertically directed central axis of said fuselage, each of rotors being maintained in said spaced relationship each to the other.

6. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 5 where said means for rotatably displacing each of said rotors displaces said rotors in a direction opposite to a respective rotational direction of said rotors.

7. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 further comprising second propulsion means for displacing said aircraft in a non-vertical plane.

8. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 7 where said second propulsion means includes at least one source of thrust coupled to said fuselage.

9. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 8 where said source of thrust is pivotally coupled to said fuselage for selected rotation about at least one axis.

10. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 7 where said second propulsion means includes means for rotatably displacing said first propulsion means with respect to said vertically directed central axis of said fuselage while maintaining said spaced relation between said first propulsion means.

11. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 7 further comprising a suction mantle disposed in spaced substantial concentric relationship with a perimeter portion of said fuselage for directing the air flow from said area juxtaposed to said upper surface of said fuselage toward said rotors.

12. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 11 where said suction mantle includes (1) an upper opening defining a first air intake, (2) a lower annular opening defining an exhaust outlet, and (3) a centrally disposed lower opening defining a second air intake.

13. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 12 where said second propulsion means includes (1) an alternate air intake opening formed in said suction mantle being selectively opened for forming a low pressure region in juxtaposition thereto, and (2) at least one alternate air exhaust opening formed in said suction mantle being selectively opened for directing air displaced by said first propulsion means.

14. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 13 where said second propulsion means further includes means for selectively restricting said first air intake disposed within said upper opening of said suction mantle.

15. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 14 where said second propulsion means further includes means for selectively restricting said exhaust outlet disposed within said lower annular opening of said suction mantle.

16. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 where said lower surface portion of said fuselage is substantially planar.

17. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 where said lower surface portion of said fuselage has a concave cross-sectional contour.

18. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 17 further comprising a pilot'"'"'s cabin rigidly suspended from said fuselage.

19. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 including means for simultaneously tilting said rotors to a predetermined position for further augmenting said suction generated aerodynamic lift.

20. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 including means for displacing at least one rotor to a substantially vertical position for generating thrust for substantially horizontal flight.

21. The VTOL aircraft as recited in claim 1 including means for locating at least one engine internal to said fuselage for generating vertical thrust forces above a predetermined altitude when air density is not sufficient to support said aerodynamic lifting force.