Rear projection facetted dome

• US 5,179,440 A
• Filed: 05/13/1991
• Issued: 01/12/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 05/13/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hughes Simulation Systems Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Hughes Aircraft Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Loban, Jerry M., Brooke, Kenneth R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Groody, James J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Powell, Mark R.
• Application Number:
  US07/704,571
• Time in Patent Office: 610 Days
• Field of Search: 353/30, 353/94, 353/119, 434/307, 434/43, 434/44, 434/30, 434/38, 358/87, 358/104, 358/60, 358/231, 358/237, 358/248, 358/254, 352/69-71
• US Class Current: 348/383
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 21/56 Projection screens
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 9/302 the image being transformed by computer processing, e.g. updating the image to correspond to the changing point of view
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 9/32 by projected image G09B9/307, G09B9/36 take precedence

Abstract

A multi-facetted dome imaging system (10) utilizes rear projection imaging techniques to present a moving or still image to each screen facet (12). The trapezoidal facets (12) are arranged with a series of lower facets (16), upper facets (18), and a top facet (20) generally forming a dome (11). Each facet (12) has a projector (30) disposed at its rear to project the image. Visibility of facet joints is minimized by joining the facets (12) by a pair of transparent stiffeners (42, 44) which hold the mating portions of the screen facets (12). The stiffeners (42, 44) are suspended by springs (48), which are held by a support structure (50).

Claims

1. An image projection system comprising:

a translucent screen assembly having front and rear surfaces, said screen assembly being substantially concave on said front surface, said screen assembly including a plurality of interconnected flat screen panels arranged in a dome-like configuration; and

a plurality of image projecting systems disposed on the rear of said screen assembly, each image projecting system including an image projector and fold mirrors and each for producing an image on one of said screen panels which is generally orthogonal to the rear surface of said one screen panel,

each screen panel being disposed such that lines projecting orthogonally from the center of the front surface of each panel will all intersect at approximately the same point.

2. The image projection system of claim 1 wherein the shape of said screen assembly approximates a portion of a sphere.

3. The image projection system of claim 2

said screen assembly includes at least eleven interconnected screen panels, including at least five approximately vertically disposed lower screen panels, each being trapezoidal in shape and connected along vertical sides to form an annular configuration, and at least five upper screen panels disposed adjacent to each other on top of said lower panels, wherein said upper and lower panels substantially enclose the area in front of said screen assembly.

4. The image projection system of claim 2 wherein said screen assembly, when viewed from said front side creates a field of regard which covers 360 degrees of a horizontal angular field of view and at least 120 degrees of a vertical field of view.

5. The image projection system of claim 3 further comprising a horizontally disposed hexagonal screen panel, disposed at the top of said screen assembly, and adjacent to said upper screen panels.

6. The image projection system of claim 1 wherein adjacent screen panels include overlapping flange portions which protrude outward from the rear surface of said screen assembly along mating portions of said screen panels and said projection system further comprising means for joining said screen panels, including clamping means for holding together said overlapping flange portions of adjacent screen panels.

7. The image projection system of claim 6 further comprising a screen support frame having elongated frame members disposed above said clamping means;

a spring having one end attached to said clamping means and the other end attached to said screen support frame.

8. The image projection system of claim 6 wherein said clamping means further comprises:

two elongated members disposed on opposite sides of said overlapping flange portions of said adjacent screen panels;

fastening means for holding said two elongated members together with said overlapping flange portions sandwiched between them; and

each elongated member having a reduced thickness portion near the base of said overlapping flanges wherein a portion of said light from said projectors passing to a screen panel near said mating portions of said screen panel will not be blocked by said clamping means.

9. The image projection system of claim 8 wherein said reduced thickness portions of said elongated members is substantially transparent to permit light from said projectors to pass through said reduced portions and to said screen panels.

10. The image projection system of claim 9 wherein said elongated members are opaque except for said transparent reduced thickness portions.

11. The image projection system of claim 1 further comprising video image generation system means including:

a plurality of image signal sources for generating video image signals;

a switch matrix means for transmitting said image signals to said projectors; and

frame store means connected to each projector for storing individual frames of said video signals and also for transmitting said individual frames of said signals to said projectors, whereby selected ones of said projectors will transmit a still image to said screen panels.

12. The image projection system of claim 11 further comprising a host computer coupled to said switch matrix mans for controlling the transfer of video images through said switch matrix means to said projectors and frame store means.

13. A dome for an image projection system, said dome comprising:

a translucent screen assembly having front and rear surfaces, said screen assembly being concave on front surface;

said screen assembly including a plurality of interconnected screen panels, each screen panel being generally flat and disposed such that lines projecting orthogonally from the center of the front surface of each panel will all intersect at approximately the same point, wherein the shape of said screen assembly approximates a portion of a sphere;

said interconnected screen panels including overlapping flange portions which protrude outward from the rear surface of said screen assembly along mating portions of said screen panels; and

means for joining said screen panels, including clamping means for holding together said overlapping flange portions of adjacent screen panels.

14. The dome of claim 13 further comprising a screen support frame having elongated frame members disposed above said clamping means;

two elongated members disposed on opposite sides of said overlapping flange portions of said adjacent screen panels;

fastening means for holding said two elongated members together with said overlapping flange portions sandwiched between them; and

each elongated member having a reduced thickness portion near the base of said overlapping flanges.

15. The dome of claim 14 wherein said reduced thickness portions of said elongated members are substantially transparent.

16. A dome image projection system comprising:

a translucent screen assembly having front and rear surfaces, said screen assembly being substantially concave on said front surface;

said screen assembly including a plurality of interconnected screen panels, each screen panel being generally flat and disposed such that lines projecting orthogonally from the center of the front surface of each panel will all intersect at approximately the same point, wherein the shape of said screen assembly approximates a portion of a sphere;

said interconnected screen panels including overlapping flange portions which protrude outward from the rear surface of said screen assembly along mating portions of said screen panels;

means for joining said screen panels, including clamping means for holding together said overlapping flange portions of adjacent screen panels;

a plurality of image signal sources for generating video image signals;

a switch matrix means for transmitting said image signals to said projectors; and

frame store means connected to each projector for storing individual frames of said video signal and also transmitting said individual frames of said signals to said projectors, whereby selected ones of said projectors will transmit a still image to said screen panels.